I
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Translingual
Etymology
From the Etruscan letter 𐌉 (i), from the Ancient Greek letter Ι (I, iota), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤉 (y, yod), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓂝.
See also
- (Latin script): Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Sſs Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
- (Variations of letter I): Íí Ìì Ĭĭ Îî Ǐǐ Ïï Ḯḯ Ĩĩ Įį Īī Ỉỉ Ȉȉ Ȋȋ Ịị Ḭḭ Ɨɨɨ̆ ᵻ ᶖ İi Iı ɪ Ii fi ffi IJij IJij
- (Letters using dot sign): Ȧȧ Ạạ Ặặ Ậậ Ǡǡ Ḃḃ Ḅḅ Ċċ Ḋḋ Ḍḍ Ėė Ẹẹ Ḟḟ Ġġ Ḣḣ Ḥḥ Ii İi Iı Ịị Ḳḳ Ḷḷ Ṁṁ Ṃṃ Ṅṅ Ṇṇ Ȯȯ Ọọ Ợợ Ṗṗ Ṙṙ Ṛṛ Ṡṡ Ṣṣ ẛ Ṫṫ Ṭṭ Ụụ Ựự Ṿṿ Ẇẇ Ẉẉ Ẋẋ Ẏẏ Ỵỵ Żż Ẓẓ
Symbol
I
- (chemistry) Symbol for iodine.
- (physics) Isotopic spin.
- (license plate codes) Italy
- (physics, electronics) Electrical current.
- (physics, kinematics) moment of inertia.
- (biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for isoleucine
- (mathematics, linear algebra) identity matrix
- (mathematical analysis, topology) the (closed) unit interval; [0, 1]
- (inorganic chemistry) Specifying an oxidation state of 1
- (music) major tonic triad
- (linguistics) A wildcard for a front vowel or a high vowel
- (actuarial notation) arithmetically increasing payments
- (clothing) Bra cup size.
Numeral
I (upper case Roman numeral, lower case i)
Gallery
- Uppercase and lowercase versions of I, in normal and italic type
- Uppercase and lowercase I in Fraktur
See also
The template Template:Letter does not use the parameter(s): Character=I9Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
Other representations of I:
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References
- chapter I, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, →ISBN.
- chapter I, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
English
Pronunciation
- (letter name): enPR: ī, IPA(key): /aɪ/
- (General American) IPA(key): [aj]
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): [ɑj]
- (Southern American English) IPA(key): [aː]
- (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA(key): [ɑe̯]
Audio (US) (file) Audio (UK) (file)
- Rhymes: -aɪ
- Homophones: eye, aye, ay
Etymology 1
From Middle English I (also ik, ich), from Old English ih (also ic, iċċ (“I”)), from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ik, *ek (“I”), from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂ (“I”).
Cognate with Scots I, ik, A (“I”), Saterland Frisian iek (“I”), West Frisian ik (“I”), Dutch ik (“I”), Low German ik (“I”), German ich (“I”), Bavarian i (“I”), Yiddish איך (ikh, “I”), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål jeg (“I”), Norwegian Nynorsk eg (“I”), Swedish jag (“I”), Icelandic ég, eg (“I”), Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik, “I”), and more remotely with Latin ego (“I”), Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ, “I”), Russian я (ja, “I”), Lithuanian aš (“I”), Armenian ես (es, “I”), Sanskrit अहम् (ahám, “I”), Hittite 𒌑𒊌 (ūk, “I”). See also English ich. Doublet of ego and Ich.
Capitalized since 13th century to mark it as a distinct word and prevent misreading and omission (due to cursive writing).
Pronoun
I (first person singular subject personal pronoun, objective me, possessive my, possessive pronoun mine, reflexive myself)
- The speaker or writer, referred to as the grammatical subject, of a sentence.
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto II”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, page 414:
- […] It ill beſeemes a knight of gentle ſort, / Such as ye haue him boaſted, to beguyle / A ſimple maide, and worke ſo hainous tort, / In ſhame of knighthood, as I largely can report.
- 1854, Gustave Chouquet, Easy Conversations in French, page 9:
- Here I am, sir.
Audio (file)
- 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)
- I know I have a pen, though…
Audio (US) (file)
- I know I have a pen, though…
- (nonstandard) The speaker or writer, referred to as the grammatical object, of a sentence.
- Mom drove my sister and I to school.
- c. 1596–1598 (date written), W[illiam] Shakespeare, The Excellent History of the Merchant of Venice. […] (First Quarto), [London]: […] J[ames] Roberts [for Thomas Heyes], published 1600, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:
- Sweet Baſſanio, My ſhips haue all miſcarried, my Creditors grow cruell, my eſtate is very low: my bond to the Iew is forfet, and ſince in paying it, it is impoſſible I ſhould liue, all debts are cleered betweene you and I if I might but ſee you at my death.
- 1980, Bob Marley, Redemption Song
- Old pirates, yes, they rob I
Sold I to the merchant ships
Minutes after they took I
From the bottomless pit.
- Old pirates, yes, they rob I
Usage notes
- The word I is always capitalised in written English. Other forms of the pronoun, such as me and my, follow regular English capitalisation rules.
- I is the subject (nominative) form, as opposed to me, which is the objective (accusative and dative) form. Me is also used emphatically, like French moi. In some cases there are differing views about which is preferred. For example, the traditional rule followed by some speakers is to use I as the complement of the copula (It is I), but it is now more usual to choose me in this context (It's me).
- When used in lists, it is often thought better to refer to oneself last. Thus it is more natural to say John and I than I and John. In such lists, the traditional rule is to use the same case form one would choose if there were only one pronoun. Thus, since we say I am happy, we say John and I are happy, but since we say Jenny saw me, so we say Jenny saw John and me. However, one frequently hears John and me are happy, which is traditionally seen as a case error. Similarly, probably as a hypercorrected reaction to this, one can occasionally hear phrases like Jenny saw John and I.
Synonyms
- ich, ch
- my ass, m'ass (vulgar slang)
- muggins, yours truly
- Ah (phonetic spelling, African-American Vernacular English)
Derived terms
Translations
See also
Noun
I (countable and uncountable, plural I's)
- (metaphysics) The ego.
- Synonym: me
- a. 1733, Thomas Boston, edited by [Thomas Boston the younger], Sermons and Discourses on Several Important Subjects in Divinity. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] William Gray, […], published 1753, page 333:
- They are called men, becauſe each of them poſſeſſeth the whole man, though not wholly. There are by their means two I’s in every believer, Rom. vii. 15. For that which I do, I allow not: for what I would, that do I not; but what I hate, that do I. There is not one part of the man that is in Chriſt, but grace has a part of it, and corruption has a part of it: as in the twilight there is light over all, and darkneſs over all too, the darkneſs being mixed in every part with the light. So my renewed part is I, a man having an underſtanding enlightened, a will renewed, affections ſpiritualized, uſing my body conform: but my unrenewed part is I too, having an underſtanding darkened, a will rebellious, affections corrupted, and uſing my body accordingly.
- 1873, Henry Ward Beecher, “Paul”, in The Great Bible Renowns, page 45:
- In other words, he said: “I have two natures. I have a flesh nature, an outside nature, and that keeps sinning; and then I have another nature—an inside, a spiritual nature—and that does not like sinning; and with my heart-power, my conscience-power, my love-power, with the power of the divine element that is in me, I look and see what this body outside, which clothes me, is trying to do. And here are two I’s that are fighting. The inside I is arrayed against the outside I; and the outside has the advantage.”
- 1916, S. A. Steel, “Down the James Long Ago—I”, in Christian Advocate, volume 77, page 1094, column 1:
- Am I a double personality? Are there two “I’s” in my anatomy—one a conscious “I,” giving attention to what I am doing, and another unconscious “I,” giving attention to something entirely different?
- 1962, Arthur Osborne, editor, The Teachings of Bhagavan Sri Ramana Maharshi in His Own Words, London: Rider & Company, published 1975, page 122:
- B. (smiling): Have you come to examine me? You must say who you are. / D.: However much I may try, I do not seem to catch the ‘I’. It is not even clearly discernible. / B.: Who is it that says that the ‘I’ is not discernible? Are there two ‘I’s in you, that one is not discernible to the other?
- 2011, Michael Gluckman, Making Your Wisdom Come Alive: A Guide to the Source of Your Wisdom and Joy, Light Up Your Life, →ISBN:
- Who is it that says that ‘I’ is not perceptible? Is there an ignorant ‘I’ and an elusive ‘I’? Are there two ‘I’s in the same person? It is the mind that says that ‘I’ is not perceptible. Where is that mind from? Know the mind. You will find it a myth. / We all feel that there is only one I; not two, one ignorant of the other.
Etymology 2
- Old French i, from Latin ī, from Etruscan I (i).
Letter
Derived terms
See also
Number
I (upper case, lower case i)
Etymology 3
Abbreviation.
Noun
I (countable and uncountable, plural Is)
- (US, roadway) Interstate.
- (grammar) Abbreviation of instrumental case.
- (computing) Abbreviation of instruction.
References
- chapter I, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, →ISBN.
- chapter I, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
- "I" in WordNet 2.0, Princeton University, 2003.
Afar
Angami
See also
- (Latin-script letters) Ü ü, Üi üi, A a, Ai ai, I i, Ie ie, U u, Uo uo, E e, Ei ei, O o, Ou ou, K k, Kh kh, G g, Ng ng, C c, Ch ch, J j, Jh jh, Ny ny, T t, Th th, D d, N n, Ts ts, Tsh tsh, Dz dz, P p, Ph ph, B b, M m, Pf pf, Bv bv, Y y, Yh yh, R r, Rh rh, L l, Lh lh, F f, V v, W w, Wh wh, S s, Sh sh, Z z, Zh zh, H h
Azerbaijani
Letter
I upper case (lower case ı)
Central Franconian
Etymology
- For the origin of /e/, see E.
- /i/ is from Middle High German i in open syllables; in Ripuarian from ī before velars.
- /iː/ is from ī before non-velars in Ripuarian; from ē in Ripuarian and northern Moselle Franconian; from ie, üe in southern Moselle Franconian; from æ (œ) in some dialects.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (short open) /e/, (short closed) /i/, (long) /iː/
Letter
I
- A letter in the German-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
- A letter in the Dutch-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
Usage notes
- In the German-based spelling, /e/ is usually represented by E (see there).
- In the German-based spelling, long i is generally written ie except when the German cognate has /iː/ as well and spells it i. Either spelling may be used in the following cases:
- In the Dutch-based spelling, both short /i/ and long /iː/ are generally written ie except when the Dutch cognate has /i/ and spells it i. The short vowel is optionally indicated in open syllables by doubling the following consonant: piemmele, piemele.
Chinese
Pronunciation 1
Letter
I
- The ninth letter of the Latin alphabet.
Pronunciation 2
Usage notes
- The pronunciation above are only used while referring to letters in Pinyin. They are not used in other context (such as English).
Chipewyan
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /i/
Danish
Etymology
From Old East Norse *īʀ, from Proto-Germanic *jūz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́. Cognate with Swedish ni, Norwegian Nynorsk de, Faroese tær, and Icelandic þér.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [i]
- Homophone: i
- Rhymes: -i
Pronoun
I (objective jer, possessive jeres)
- (personal) you, you all (second person plural)
- I må ikke gå derind!
- You can't go in there!
- 2014, Diverse forfattere, Fire uger blev til fire år - og andre beretninger, Lindhardt og Ringhof →ISBN
- Og så er der forresten lidt mere med det samme: I må love os een ting. mor og far, I må ikke efterligne os unge! — For gør I det, ja, så kommer I til at se så morsomme ud. — I må ikke prøve på at løbe fra jeres alder, for det kan I alligevel ikke.
- And by the way, there's something else: You must promise us one thing, mum and dad, you may not imitate us young! — For if you do, you will look so funny. — you may not try to run way from your age, for you can't do that anyway.
- 1981, Mogens Wolstrup, Vild hyben: danske forfattere skriver om jalousi
- Men det er ikke jeres skyld, siger Ditte. I er unge og kloge. I er grimme og fantastisk smukke. I har modet! I er på rette vej med jeres show. Jeg føler med jeres oprør, og måske derfor kunne jeg ikke klare mere. Jeres hud er glat, I er startet i tide.
- But it is not your fault, Ditte says. You are young and intelligent. You are ugly and amazingly beautiful. You have the courage! You are on the right path with your show. I feel with your rebellion, and perhaps for that reason, I couldn't take any more. Your skin is smooth, you started in time.
- Men det er ikke jeres skyld, siger Ditte. I er unge og kloge. I er grimme og fantastisk smukke. I har modet! I er på rette vej med jeres show. Jeg føler med jeres oprør, og måske derfor kunne jeg ikke klare mere. Jeres hud er glat, I er startet i tide.
- 2011, Per Ullidtz, Absalons Europa, BoD – Books on Demand →ISBN, page 229
- Og lidt senere ”I har hørt at det er sagt: øje for øje og tand for tand. Men jeg siger jer, at I må ikke sætte jer imod det onde; men dersom nogen giver dig et slag på din højre kind, da vend ham også den anden til! ...
- And a little later ”you have heard it said: an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. But I say to you, you may not resist evil; but if anyone hits you on the right cheek, turn the other towards [whoever hit you]! ...
- Og lidt senere ”I har hørt at det er sagt: øje for øje og tand for tand. Men jeg siger jer, at I må ikke sætte jer imod det onde; men dersom nogen giver dig et slag på din højre kind, da vend ham også den anden til! ...
Descendants
- Norwegian Bokmål: I
See also
Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
common | neuter | plural | |||||
Singular | First | – | jeg | mig | min | mit | mine |
Second | modern / informal | du | dig | din | dit | dine | |
formal | De | Dem | Deres | ||||
Third | masculine (person) | han | ham | hans | |||
feminine (person) | hun | hende | hendes | ||||
common(noun) | den | dens | |||||
neuter(noun) | det | dets | |||||
reflexive | – | sig | sin | sit | sine | ||
Plural | First | modern | vi | os | vores | ||
archaic / formal | vor | vort | vore | ||||
Second | – | I | jer | jeres | |||
Third | – | de | dem | deres | |||
reflexive | – | sig |
References
- “I,4” in Den Danske Ordbog
Dutch
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /i/
Audio (file)
Esperanto
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /i/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /i/
Audio (file)
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
Estonian
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
Finnish
Etymology
The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and I for information on the development of the glyph itself.
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
See also
German
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʔiː/
Related terms
- I longa f
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- (phoneme): IPA(key): [ˈi]
- (letter name): IPA(key): [ˈi]
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | I | I-k |
accusative | I-t | I-ket |
dative | I-nek | I-knek |
instrumental | I-vel | I-kkel |
causal-final | I-ért | I-kért |
translative | I-vé | I-kké |
terminative | I-ig | I-kig |
essive-formal | I-ként | I-kként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | I-ben | I-kben |
superessive | I-n | I-ken |
adessive | I-nél | I-knél |
illative | I-be | I-kbe |
sublative | I-re | I-kre |
allative | I-hez | I-khez |
elative | I-ből | I-kből |
delative | I-ről | I-kről |
ablative | I-től | I-ktől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
I-é | I-ké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
I-éi | I-kéi |
Possessive forms of I | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | I-m | I-im |
2nd person sing. | I-d | I-id |
3rd person sing. | I-je | I-i |
1st person plural | I-nk | I-ink |
2nd person plural | I-tek | I-itek |
3rd person plural | I-jük | I-ik |
Ido
Indonesian
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /i/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /i/, /ɪ/
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
Irish
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
Derived terms
See also
- See Template:list:Latin script letters/ga.
Italian
Pronunciation
- (letter name) IPA(key): /ˈi/*
- Rhymes: -i
- Hyphenation: Ì
- (phonemic realization) IPA(key): /i/
- (phonemic realization when followed by a vowel in the same syllable) IPA(key): /j/
Letter
I f or m (invariable, upper case, lower case i)
Kashubian
Etymology
The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and I for development of the glyph itself.
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
Latvian
Etymology
Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [i]
(file) |
Malay
Pronunciation
- (Name of letter) IPA(key): [ai̯]
- (Phoneme) IPA(key): [i]
- (Phoneme, Closed ultima) IPA(key): [e]
Middle English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old English iċ, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, Proto-Germanic *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. More at English I.
The loss of /t͡ʃ/ at first occurs in unstressed positions when the following word begins with a consonant. The pronunciation /iː/ results from restressing the unstressed pronunciation.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /iː/
- (unstressed) IPA(key): /i/
Pronoun
I (accusative me, genitive min, genitive determiner mi, min)
- I (first-person singular subject pronoun)
- c. 1275, Judas (Roud 2964, Child Ballad 23, Trinity College MS. B.14.39), folio 34, recto, lines 36-37; republished at Cambridge: Wren Digital Library (Trinity College), 2019 May 29:
- Stille þou be peter. Wel i þe icnowe. / þou wolt fur ſake me þrien . ar þe coc him crowe.
- "Quiet now, Peter. I know you well; / You'll forsake me three times when the cock crows."
- c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Joon 15:19, page 51v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:
- If ȝe hadden be of þe woꝛld .· þe woꝛld ſchulde loue þat þing þat was his / but foꝛ ȝe ben not of þe woꝛld · but I chees ȝou fro þe woꝛld .· þerfoꝛ þe woꝛld hatiþ ȝou
- If you had been of the world, the world would love that which is its [own]; so the world hates you, because you aren't of the world. Instead I picked you from the world.
Usage notes
- Capitalized since 13th century to mark it as a distinct word and prevent misreading.
Descendants
See also
nominative | accusative | dative | genitive | possessive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | 1st-person | I, ich, ik | me | min mi1 | min | ||
2nd-person | þou | þe | þin þi1 | þin | |||
3rd-person | m | he | him hine2 | him | his | his hisen | |
f | sche, heo | hire heo |
hire | hire hires, hiren | |||
n | hit | hit him2 | his, hit | — | |||
dual3 | 1st-person | wit | unk | unker | |||
2nd-person | ȝit | inc | inker | ||||
plural | 1st-person | we | us, ous | oure | oure oures, ouren | ||
2nd-person4 | ye | yow | your | your youres, youren | |||
3rd-person | inh. | he | hem he2 | hem | here | here heres, heren | |
bor. | þei | þem, þeim | þeir | þeir þeires, þeiren |
1Used preconsonantally or before h.
2Early or dialectal.
3Dual pronouns are only sporadically found in Early Middle English; after that, they are replaced by plural forms. There are no third-person dual forms in Middle English.
4Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
References
- “ich, pron.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-05.
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Danish I, from Old East Norse *īʀ, from Proto-Germanic *jūz. Cognate with Swedish ni, Norwegian Nynorsk de, Faroese tær, and Icelandic þér.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /iː/
Norwegian Nynorsk
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /iː/
Letter
I (lower case i, definite singular I-en, indefinite plural I-ar, definite plural I-ane)
Etymology 2
From Old Norse ek, from Proto-Norse ᛖᚲ (ek), from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. The upper case spelling might be an orthographic influence from cognate English I, or as a means to differenciate from native preposition i (“in”).
Alternative forms
Pronoun
I (objective me, possessive min)
- (dialectal) alternative form of eg (first person singular pronoun)
Etymology 3
Possibly through Danish I. From Old Norse ér, ír, from Proto-Germanic *jūz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́. Compare with de. The upper case spelling might be explained either by its use as an honorific, or with its plausible Danish origins.
Alternative forms
Pronoun
I (objective ær or ør or jærs, possessive ærs or ørs or jærs)
- (obsolete or dialectal, polite) you (second person singular)
Derived terms
References
- “I” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
- Torp, Alf (1919) chapter I, in Nynorsk etymologisk ordbok (in Norwegian Nynorsk), Kristiania: Aschehoug, page 240
- Ivar Aasen (1850) chapter I, in Ordbog over det norske Folkesprog (in Danish), Oslo: Samlaget, published 2000
Nupe
Pronunciation
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /i/, (after /n/ or /m/) /ĩ/
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
Polish
Etymology
The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and I for development of the glyph itself.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /i/
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
Portuguese
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
Romani
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /i/
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).
Romanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /i/, /j/, /ʲ/
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
Usage notes
- Generally represents the phoneme /i/.
- Before vowels, this letter usually takes on the sound of /j/
- ianuarie /ja.nuˈa.ri.e/
- At the ends of words (except verb infinitives, and those ending in a consonant cluster ending in l or r), the letter palatalizes the previous syllable and is "whispered": /ʲ/
- băieți /bəˈjetsʲ/
Saanich
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /i/
Scots
Etymology 1
From Middle English I, from Old English iċ, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ik, *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.
Scottish Gaelic
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
Silesian
Etymology
The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and I for development of the glyph itself.
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
Slovene
Etymology
From Gaj's Latin alphabet I, from Czech alphabet I, from Latin I, from the Etruscan letter 𐌉 (i, “i”), from the Ancient Greek letter Ι (I, iota), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤉 (y, yod), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓂝.
Pronunciation
• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): /ˈíː/, /ˈìː/, /ˈî/, /i/, [ˈɪ́ː], [ˈɪ̀ː], [ˈɪ̂], [ˈîː], [ˈǐː], [ˈɪ̂ː], [ˈɪ̌ː], SNPT: /ī/, /ȉ/, /i/ |
Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.
• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [ˈîː], [ˈǐː], SNPT: [ī] • (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): [ˈiː], SNPT: [í],
|
Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.
homophones=<span class="homophones">[[Appendix:Glossary#homophone|Homophone]]: <span class="Latn" lang="sl">[[i#Slovene|i]]</span></span>[[Category:Slovene terms with homophones|I]]Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
• Rhymes: -iː ([-í]) (non-tonal)
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Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
Inflection
- Overall more common
First masculine declension (soft o-stem, inanimate) , fixed accent, -j- infix | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | I | ||
gen. sing. | I-ja | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative imenovȃlnik |
I | I-ja | I-ji |
genitive rodȋlnik |
I-ja | I-jev | I-jev |
dative dajȃlnik |
I-ju, I-ji | I-jema | I-jem |
accusative tožȋlnik |
I | I-ja | I-je |
locative mẹ̑stnik |
I-ju, I-ji | I-jih | I-jih |
instrumental orọ̑dnik |
I-jem | I-jema | I-ji |
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
I | I-ja | I-ji |
- More common when with a definite adjective
Third masculine declension (no endings) , fixed accent | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | I | ||
gen. sing. | I | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative imenovȃlnik |
I | I | I |
genitive rodȋlnik |
I | I | I |
dative dajȃlnik |
I | I | I |
accusative tožȋlnik |
I | I | I |
locative mẹ̑stnik |
I | I | I |
instrumental orọ̑dnik |
I | I | I |
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
I | I | I |
- Dialectal, in common written language used till 19th century
First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate) , -j- infix | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | I | ||
gen. sing. | I-ja | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative imenovȃlnik |
I | I-ja | I-ji |
genitive rodȋlnik |
I-ja | I-jov | I-jov |
dative dajȃlnik |
I-ju, I-ji | I-joma | I-jom |
accusative tožȋlnik |
I | I-ja | I-je |
locative mẹ̑stnik |
I-ju, I-ji | I-jih | I-jih |
instrumental orọ̑dnik |
I-jom | I-joma | I-ji |
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
I | I-ja | I-ji |
See also
Further reading
- “I”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Spanish
Adjective
I
- Abbreviation of ilustre.
- La I municipalidad de Valparaíso.
- The illustrious municipality of Valparaíso.
Swedish
Etymology 1
See the etymology at #Translingual.
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /iː/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /iː/, /ɪ/
- Rhymes: -iː
Etymology 2
From Old Swedish ī, īr, from Old Norse ír, variant of ér, from Proto-Germanic *jīz, variant of *jūz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́.
Synonyms
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog)
- IPA(key): /ˈʔaj/ [ˈʔaɪ̯] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
- Rhymes: -aj
- IPA(key): /ˈʔi/ [ˈʔi] (letter name, Abakada alphabet, Abecedario)
- Rhymes: -i
- IPA(key): /ˈi/ [ˈi] (phoneme, stressed)
- Rhymes: -i
- IPA(key): /i/ [ɪ] (phoneme, unstressed)
- Rhymes: -i
- IPA(key): /ˈʔaj/ [ˈʔaɪ̯] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
- Syllabification: I
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i, Baybayin spelling ᜀᜌ᜔)
- The ninth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called ay and written in the Latin script.
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i, Baybayin spelling ᜁ)
- The eighth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abakada alphabet), called i and written in the Latin script.
- (historical) The tenth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called i and written in the Latin script.
See also
Further reading
- chapter I, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [ʔi˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [ʔɪj˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [ʔɪj˧˧]The template Template:vi-IPA does not use the parameter(s):
2=i ngắn
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
See also
- (Quốc ngữ letters) chữ cái; A a (À à, Ả ả, Ã ã, Á á, Ạ ạ), Ă ă (Ằ ằ, Ẳ ẳ, Ẵ ẵ, Ắ ắ, Ặ ặ), Â â (Ầ ầ, Ẩ ẩ, Ẫ ẫ, Ấ ấ, Ậ ậ), B b, C c (Ch ch), D d, Đ đ, E e (È è, Ẻ ẻ, Ẽ ẽ, É é, Ẹ ẹ), Ê ê (Ề ề, Ể ể, Ễ ễ, Ế ế, Ệ ệ), G g (Gh gh, Gi gi), H h, I i (Ì ì, Ỉ ỉ, Ĩ ĩ, Í í, Ị ị), K k (Kh kh), L l, M m, N n (Ng ng, Ngh ngh, Nh nh), O o (Ò ò, Ỏ ỏ, Õ õ, Ó ó, Ọ ọ), Ô ô (Ồ ồ, Ổ ổ, Ỗ ỗ, Ố ố, Ộ ộ), Ơ ơ (Ờ ờ, Ở ở, Ỡ ỡ, Ớ ớ, Ợ ợ), P p (Ph ph), Q q (Qu qu), R r, S s, T t (Th th, Tr tr), U u (Ù ù, Ủ ủ, Ũ ũ, Ú ú, Ụ ụ), Ư ư (Ừ ừ, Ử ử, Ữ ữ, Ứ ứ, Ự ự), V v, X x, Y y (Ỳ ỳ, Ỷ ỷ, Ỹ ỹ, Ý ý, Ỵ ỵ)
Welsh
Pronunciation
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /iː/
- (South Wales, standard) IPA(key): /ˌiː ˈdɔt/, /ˌiː ˈðɔt/
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
Mutation
- I cannot mutate but, being a vowel, does take h-prothesis, for example with the word iwrch (“roe deer”):
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
iwrch | unchanged | unchanged | hiwrch |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
See also
- (Latin-script letters) llythyren; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ä ä), B b, C c, Ch ch, D d, Dd dd, E e (É é, È è, Ê ê, Ë ë), F f, Ff ff, G g, Ng ng, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Î î, Ï ï), J j, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ô ô, Ö ö), P p, Ph ph, R r, Rh rh, S s, T t, Th th, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, Ü ü), W w (Ẃ ẃ, Ẁ ẁ, Ŵ ŵ, Ẅ ẅ), Y y (Ý ý, Ỳ ỳ, Ŷ ŷ, Ÿ ÿ)
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), chapter I, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Yoruba
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)
See also
- (Latin-script letters) lẹ́tà; A a (Á á, À à, Ā ā), B b, D d, E e (É é, È è, Ē ē), Ẹ ẹ (Ẹ́ ẹ́, Ẹ̀ ẹ̀, Ẹ̄ ẹ̄), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Ī ī), J j, K k, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ō ō), Ọ ọ (Ọ́ ọ́, Ọ̀ ọ̀, Ọ̄ ọ̄), P p, R r, S s, Ṣ ṣ, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Ū ū), W w, Y y
- (Benin) (Latin-script letters) lɛ́tà; A a, B b, D d, E e, Ɛ ɛ, F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i, J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ɔ ɔ, P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, U u, W w, Y y
Zulu
Letter
I (upper case, lower case i)