V
|
|
|
|
Translingual
Alternative forms
- v (numeral)
- V. (numeral, ordinal number)
Etymology
From the Etruscan letter 𐌖 (u, “u”), from the Ancient Greek letter Υ (U, “ypsilon”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤅 (w, “waw”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓏲. Doublet of Y and U.
See also
Symbol
V
- The volt in the International System of Units.
- (chemistry) Symbol for vanadium.
- (biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for valine
- (organic chemistry) The resin identification code for polyvinyl chloride, also PVC.
- (geometry) volume
- (set theory) Von Neumann universe
- (music) major dominant triad
- (linguistics) A wildcard for a vowel
- (Voice Quality Symbols) voice (modified for the kind of voice: 'nasal voice', 'harsh voice', etc.)
Gallery
- Uppercase and lowercase versions of V, in roman and italic type
- Uppercase and lowercase V in Fraktur
See also
The template Template:Letter does not use the parameter(s): Character=VPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
Other representations of V:
|
English
Pronunciation
- (name of letter) IPA(key): /viː/
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -iː
Letter
See also
Noun
- (grammar) Abbreviation of vocative case.
- (linguistics) Abbreviation of verb.
- (euphemistic) Vagina.
- Abbreviation of vowel.
- Abbreviation of velocity.
- (slang, countable) Viagra.
- 2017, James Wharton, Something for the Weekend, Biteback Publishing, →ISBN:
- The unfortunate, and quite ironic, side effect of all these chemicals is a penis that refuses to budge. Steven has been handing out the Vs in abundance for as the long as boys have been high in his second-floor flat, two for a fiver.
- Anything shaped like a V; synonym: vee.
- 2022, Maddie Mortimer, Maps of Our Spectacular Bodies, Picador, page 149:
- She watched him through the perfect V between the seats for the rest of the journey.
References
- The New Penguin Dictionary of Abbreviations: from A to zz, Rosalind Fergusson. (Penguin Books, 2000), page 390/1
Azerbaijani
Letter
V upper case (lower case v)
Basque
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ube/, [u.β̞e̞]
Letter
V (upper case, lower case v)
Usage notes
- Used chiefly in recent loanwords and foreign proper nouns.
Central Franconian
Etymology
Pronunciation
- /v/, (German-based also) /f/, /ʋ/
Letter
V
- A letter in the German-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
- A letter in the Dutch-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
Usage notes
- In the German-based spelling of Moselle Franconian, v is used instead of regular w or f only after the German cognate.
- In the German-based spelling of Ripuarian (without Aachen region), initial v is used as above, but internal v is the regular spelling for /v/.
- In Aachen and the Netherlands there is a threefold phonemic distinction between w /ʋ/, v /v/, f /f/, which the spelling reflects.
- In the German-based spelling, v is doubled after short vowels except in certain function words and when the letter is followed by another consonant within the word stem. In the syllable coda, the choice between v and f may be based on internal analogy, but more often follows the German cognate.
- In the Dutch-based spelling, v is doubled after short vowels. Coda v is automatically replaced with f.
Chinese
Pronunciation
Pronunciation
Pronunciation
Pronunciation 1
Letter
V
- The twenty-second letter of the Latin alphabet.
Pronunciation 2
Usage notes
- 《汉语拼音方案》 defines a standard pronunciation for each letter. However, these pronunciations are rarely used in education, and another pronunciation is commonly used instead. In the case of V, 《汉语拼音方案》 defines its pronunciation as ㄪㄝ, using the initial ㄪ (vō /v/), which is obsolete in standard Mandarin. This is one of the only instances of the letter being used in standard Pinyin.
Dutch
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /veː/
Audio (file)
Esperanto
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /vo/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /v/
Audio (file)
Letter
V (upper case, lower case v)
Finnish
Etymology
The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and V for information on the development of the glyph itself. The letter was only rarely used prior to the 19th century, when it replaced W.
Letter
V (upper case, lower case v)
German
Etymology
For the origin of the letter, see v.
Germanic f was pronounced [v] in some dialects of Middle High German and was predominantly spelt v. This voicing was later reversed stem-initially in most dialects and stem-internally in some (including Standard German). In inherited words, the spelling mostly switched back to f accordingly. This always happened before l, r, u, ü, but otherwise there remains a number of relicts. These are the prefix ver-, the words Frevel, Vater, Vetter, Vieh, viel, vier, Vogel, Volk, voll, von, vor, and their derivatives.
In native German proper nouns, initial V is always /f/, but the internal pronunciation is hard to predict and differs by region. For example, it is usually /f/ in northern German placenames (e.g. Hannover, Havel, Jever), but /v/ in western ones (e.g. Grevenbroich, Leverkusen, Overath).
V was retained in words of foreign origin and its pronunciation varied. The contemporary standard is normally /v/, but always /f/ in Eva, Vau, Veilchen, Veit, Vettel, Vlies, Vogt. The words Vers, Vesper, Vize have /f/ in Germany, but usually /v/ in Austria. Both ways are de-facto standard in Evangelium, hieven, Larve, Nerven, Pulver (though dictionaries may recognise only one form or the other).
Pronunciation
- (letter name) IPA(key): /faʊ̯/
- Rhymes: -aʊ̯
Audio (file)
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /f/, /v/ (see etymology section)
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- (phoneme): IPA(key): [ˈv]
- (letter name): IPA(key): [ˈveː]
Letter
V (upper case, lower case v)
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | V | V-k |
accusative | V-t | V-ket |
dative | V-nek | V-knek |
instrumental | V-vel | V-kkel |
causal-final | V-ért | V-kért |
translative | V-vé | V-kké |
terminative | V-ig | V-kig |
essive-formal | V-ként | V-kként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | V-ben | V-kben |
superessive | V-n | V-ken |
adessive | V-nél | V-knél |
illative | V-be | V-kbe |
sublative | V-re | V-kre |
allative | V-hez | V-khez |
elative | V-ből | V-kből |
delative | V-ről | V-kről |
ablative | V-től | V-ktől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
V-é | V-ké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
V-éi | V-kéi |
Possessive forms of V | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | V-m | V-im |
2nd person sing. | V-d | V-id |
3rd person sing. | V-je | V-i |
1st person plural | V-nk | V-ink |
2nd person plural | V-tek | V-itek |
3rd person plural | V-jük | V-ik |
See also
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
Ido
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /v/
Irish
Letter
V (upper case, lower case v)
Derived terms
See also
- See Template:list:Latin script letters/ga.
Italian
Pronunciation
Letter
V f or m (invariable, upper case, lower case v)
See also
References
- V in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
Japanese
Synonyms
Related terms
Latvian
Etymology
Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [v]
Malay
Pronunciation
- (Name of letter) IPA(key): [vi]
- (Phoneme, Syllable initial) IPA(key): [v]
- (Phoneme, Syllable final) IPA(key): [f]
Mandarin
Usage notes
- In Hanyu Pinyin, the letter v is unused, except for the official pronunciation of the letter V. However, the ease of typing into a computer means that it is sometimes used in place of Ü.
Norwegian
Usage notes
In older texts may be replaced by w, u, fu, ffv, fw, ff or fv.
Portuguese
Letter
V (upper case, lower case v)
Romani
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /v/
Letter
V (upper case, lower case v)
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).
Russian
Etymology
Sense 2 was derived from восток (vostok, “east, eastern Ukraine”). Like the Z sign, the V sign was initially used for vehicles targeted towards Kyiv, and later popularised by the Russian government on social media as a rallying symbol.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [vɛ]
Symbol
V (lower case v)
- the Roman letter V, v
- Synonym: вэ (vɛ)
- (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) (politics) a dogwhistle for supporting the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
- #силаVправде (hashtag using V by Russian nationalists in support for war against Ukraine)
- #silaVpravde
- "our strength is in truth"
- ZOV (a symbol combining Z and O, more symbols used on Russian tanks, used by the Russian government and some online users in support for war against Ukraine)
- ZOV (may also be interpreted as зов, or "call forth [to war]")
Usage notes
Russian nationalists replace instances of the Cyrillic letter В (V) with Roman V in some words and usernames.
See also
- Z
- В (V), в (v)
- своих не бросаем (svoix ne brosajem)
- спецоперация (specoperacija)
Slovene
Letter
V (capital, lowercase v)
- The 23rd letter of the Slovene alphabet. Preceded by U and followed by Z.
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈube/ [ˈu.β̞e]
- Rhymes: -ube
Swedish
Alternative forms
- ve (spelled out)
Letter
V (upper case, lower case v)
Usage notes
- The letter W is sometimes seen as an alternative form of V and not a separate letter.
- In some situations, such as in URLs, the pronunciation of the separate letter W is identical to that of V.
- Since 2006 the letter W has been categorised as a separate letter by the dictionary Svenska Akademins Ordlista (SAOL). Before that, it was viewed as a variant of the letter V and sorted thereunder.[2]
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog)
- IPA(key): /ˈvi/ [ˈvi] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
- IPA(key): (more native-sounding) /ˈbi/ [ˈbi] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
- Rhymes: -i
- IPA(key): /ˈve/ [ˈvɛ] (letter name, Abecedario)
- IPA(key): (more native-sounding) /ˈbe/ [ˈbɛ] (letter name, Abecedario)
- Rhymes: -e
- IPA(key): /v/ [v] (phoneme)
- IPA(key): (more native-sounding) /b/ [b] (phoneme)
- IPA(key): /ˈvi/ [ˈvi] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
Letter
V (upper case, lower case v, Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒ)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called vi and written in the Latin script.
- (historical) The twenty-fifth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called ve and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes
- This letter is mostly used only in proper nouns, unadapted loanwords, or Spanish-based spellings.
- Some purists of Tagalog replace V in words with B.
See also
Further reading
- chapter V, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Turkish
Letter
V (upper case, lower case v)
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [ve˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [vej˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [vej˧˧] ~ [jej˧˧]
- Phonetic: vêThe template Template:vi-IPA does not use the parameter(s):
2=vờ
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
Letter
V (upper case, lower case v)
See also
- (Quốc ngữ letters) chữ cái; A a (À à, Ả ả, Ã ã, Á á, Ạ ạ), Ă ă (Ằ ằ, Ẳ ẳ, Ẵ ẵ, Ắ ắ, Ặ ặ), Â â (Ầ ầ, Ẩ ẩ, Ẫ ẫ, Ấ ấ, Ậ ậ), B b, C c (Ch ch), D d, Đ đ, E e (È è, Ẻ ẻ, Ẽ ẽ, É é, Ẹ ẹ), Ê ê (Ề ề, Ể ể, Ễ ễ, Ế ế, Ệ ệ), G g (Gh gh, Gi gi), H h, I i (Ì ì, Ỉ ỉ, Ĩ ĩ, Í í, Ị ị), K k (Kh kh), L l, M m, N n (Ng ng, Ngh ngh, Nh nh), O o (Ò ò, Ỏ ỏ, Õ õ, Ó ó, Ọ ọ), Ô ô (Ồ ồ, Ổ ổ, Ỗ ỗ, Ố ố, Ộ ộ), Ơ ơ (Ờ ờ, Ở ở, Ỡ ỡ, Ớ ớ, Ợ ợ), P p (Ph ph), Q q (Qu qu), R r, S s, T t (Th th, Tr tr), U u (Ù ù, Ủ ủ, Ũ ũ, Ú ú, Ụ ụ), Ư ư (Ừ ừ, Ử ử, Ữ ữ, Ứ ứ, Ự ự), V v, X x, Y y (Ỳ ỳ, Ỷ ỷ, Ỹ ỹ, Ý ý, Ỵ ỵ)
Zulu
Letter
V (upper case, lower case v)