n
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Translingual
Etymology
Letter
n (upper case N)
Synonyms
- (Romanization of נּ, “nun”, “nūn ḥāzāq”): nn (in the Hebrew Academy (1953 and 2006) and ISO 259 transliteration schemes)
Pronunciation
IPA (file)
Symbol
n
- (IPA) voiced alveolar nasal.
- (superscript ⟨ⁿ⟩) nasal release (of any articulation), prenasalization, [n]-coloring or a weak, fleeting or epenthetic [n] – see also ⁿ.
- (statistics) Sample size.
- (physics) neutron
- (mathematics) An arbitrary natural number.
Gallery
- Uppercase and lowercase versions of N, in normal and italic type
- Uppercase and lowercase N in Fraktur
See also
- (Latin script): Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Sſs Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
- (Variations of letter N): Ńń Ǹǹ Ňň Ññ Ṅṅ Ņņ Ṇṇ Ṋṋ Ṉṉ N̈n̈ Ɲɲ Ƞƞ ᵰ ᶇ ɳ ȵ ɴ Nn Ŋŋ NJNjnj NJNjnj
- Preceded by apostrophe: 'n
- Hiragana: ん
- な (na), に (ni), ぬ (nu), ね (ne), の (no)
Character=NPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
Other representations of N:
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Further reading
- Alveolar nasal on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
English
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ɛn/
Audio (US) (file) Audio (UK) (file) - Rhymes: -ɛn
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /n/
Letter
See also
Number
n (lower case, upper case N)
- The ordinal number fourteenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called en and written in the Latin script.
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Abbreviations.
Noun
n
Etymology 3
Abbreviations.
n
- (stenoscript) the sound sequence /ɛn/.
- (stenoscript) Abbreviation of in.
- (stenoscript) Abbreviation of no, inflections none, nor, not, neither, and homophone know.
Aromanian
Bambara
Dutch
Pronunciation
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɛn
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ɛn/
Letter
n (lower case, upper case N)
See also
Egyptian
Etymology 1
Cognate with Central Atlas Tamazight ⵏ (n, “of”) and Proto-Semitic *lV-, whence Hebrew to, for, of (lə-) and Arabic لِـ (li-, “to, for, belonging to”).[1]
Pronunciation
- (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ni/ → /ni/ → /ne/[2]
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /ɛn/
- Conventional anglicization: en
Preposition
Alternative forms
Before a noun it can be written thus:
This should not be confused with the negative particle, which is written identically.
Derived terms
Pronunciation
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /ɛn/
- Conventional anglicization: en
Pronunciation
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /ɛn/
- Conventional anglicization: en
Usage notes
This form of pronoun is an enclitic that must directly follow the word it modifies. Its meaning depends on its context:
- When it follows a verb, it indicates the object of the verb.
- In the second and third person when it follows an adjective, it forms the subject of an adjectival sentence.
- When it follows a relative adjective, such as ntj, ntt, or jsṯ, it indicates the subject of the relative clause (usually only in the first person singular and third person common).
- When it follows an imperative, it indicates the subject or the object of the verb.
- When it follows a particle like m.k, it indicates the subject of the clause.
- When attached to a preposition, it indicates the object of the preposition.
Inflection
number | first person | second person | third person | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | |||
suffix pronouns | singular | ∅, .j |
.k, .kj1 |
.ṯ, .ṯn |
.f, .fj1 |
.s, .sj1 |
dual | .nj |
.ṯnj |
.snj | |||
plural | .n |
.ṯn |
.sn | |||
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns | singular | w, wj, wy |
kw, k, ṯw, ṯ |
ṯm, ṯn |
sw, s |
s |
dual | — |
ṯnj |
snj | |||
plural | n |
ṯn |
sn | |||
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns | singular | jnk |
ṯwt |
ṯmt |
swt |
stt |
dual | — |
— |
ntsnj | |||
plural | — |
ntṯn |
ntsn, jntsn | |||
stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings | singular | .kj, .k |
.tj, .t |
∅, .j |
.tj, .t | |
dual | — | .tjwn |
.wy, .wj |
.ty | ||
plural | .wn, .nw |
∅, .w, .y, .wy |
.tj, .t | |||
|
number | first person | second person | third person | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | |||
suffix pronouns | singular | ∅, .j |
.k, .kj1 |
.ṯ, .t |
.f, .fj1 |
.s, .sj1 |
dual2 | .nj |
.ṯnj, .tnj |
.snj | |||
plural | .n |
.ṯn, .tn |
.sn, .w3 | |||
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns | singular | wj, w |
ṯw, tw |
ṯn, tn |
sw, st |
sj, s, st |
plural | n |
ṯn, tn |
sn, st | |||
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns | singular | jnk |
ntk, ṯwt2 |
ntṯ, ntt, ṯwt2 |
ntf, swt2 |
nts, swt2 |
plural | jnn3 |
ntṯn, nttn |
ntsn | |||
stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings | singular | .kw |
.tj, .t, .tw3 |
∅, .w |
.tj, .t, .tw3 | |
plural | .wn, .wjn |
.tjwn, .tjwnj |
∅, .w, .y | |||
proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns3 | singular | tw.j |
tw.k |
tw.t |
sw |
sj, st |
plural | tw.n |
tw.tn |
st | |||
|
number | first person | second person | third person | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | |||
suffix pronouns | singular | ∅, .j |
.k, .kw |
.t |
.f, .fj |
.s, .st, .sw |
plural | .n |
.tn, .twn |
.w, .sn1 | |||
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns1 | singular | wj |
tw, tj |
sw, st | ||
plural | n, wn |
twn |
sn, st | |||
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns | singular | jnk |
mntk, mtwk |
mntt, mtwy |
mntf |
mntst, mntjst |
plural | jnn |
mnttn |
mntw | |||
stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings1 | singular | .kw, .k |
.tj, .tw |
∅, .w, .y |
.tj, .tw | |
plural | .nw |
.tn |
∅, .w, .y | |||
unmarked (later) | ∅, .tw | |||||
proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns | singular | tw.j |
tw.k |
tw.t |
sw |
st, sw |
plural | tw.n |
tw.tn |
st, sw, swt | |||
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References
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 43, 51, 86–87, 90–91, 117–118, 127.
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 124
- Junge, Friedrich (2005) Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, page 77
Esperanto
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /no/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /n/
Audio (file)
Letter
n (lower case, upper case N)
Faroese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n/
Finnish
Etymology
The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and n for information on the development of the glyph itself.
Pronunciation
Letter
n (lower case, upper case N)
Noun
n
French
Pronunciation
- (letter name) IPA(key): /ɛn/
Audio (file)
Letter
n (lower case, upper case N)
- The fourteenth letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.
- 1837, Louis Viardot, L’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manchefr.Wikisource, translation of El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Chapter I:
- Avec ces propos et d’autres semblables, le pauvre gentilhomme perdait le jugement. Il passait les nuits et se donnait la torture pour les comprendre, pour les approfondir, pour leur tirer le sens des entrailles, ce qu’Aristote lui-même n’aurait pu faire, s’il fût ressuscité tout exprès pour cela.
- With these passages and other similar ones, the poor gentleman lost his judgement. He spent his nights and tortured himself to understand them, to consider them more deeply, to take from them their deepest meaning, which Aristotle himself would not have been able to do, had he been resurrected for that very purpose.
Fula
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n/
German
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Article
n
- Nonstandard form of 'n.
- 1984, Wolfdietrich Schnurre, Ein Unglücksfall: Roman, page 172:
- „Hat uns vorhin so n Mensch von der Dingsbums gebracht.“ „Von der Kultusgemeinde.“ Avrom hebt zwinkernd die Augen vom Buch; er lächelt. Muß ne anrührende Stelle gewesen sein, was er da grade liest. „Was heißt ‚so n Mensch‘.“
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1999, Regula Schmidlin, Wie Deutschschweizer Kinder schreiben und erzählen lernen:
- […] also die Geschichte hab ich genannt (äh) die Froschsuche weil da war so n Junge und mit em Hund und die haben dauernd ihren Frosch immer angeguckt im Wasser und dann einmal in der Nacht is er weggehüpft […]
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 2012, Gustav Falke, Die Kinder Aus Ohlsens Gang, page 92:
- »Wenn ick de jungen Lüd nich harr und de Kinner – so n Mann, Herr Lehrer, so n Mann! aber ick hev en nu. He schall mi mol Muck seggn. Rut smiet ick em.« »Das lassen Sie nur lieber nach, Frau Krahnstöver. […] «
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 2014, Manuel Mayer, Schwule Akten: Fußballstar und Tennisprofi geoutet, Himmelstürmer Verlag, page 58:
- Und da Sex Sponsoren anzieht, würde so n Kerl ein so großes Medienecho hervorrufen, sodass wir noch Jahrhunderte davon hören würden ...
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Gothic
Guinea-Bissau Creole
Etymology
From African origin. Cognate with Kabuverdianu n.
Haitian Creole
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n/
Haruai
References
- Jef Verschueren, Pragmatics at Issue: Selected Papers (1991, →ISBN
- Bernard Comrie, Maria Polinsky, Causatives and Transitivity (1993, →ISBN, page 317: Haruai has a serial verb construction, in which all verbs but the last take no inflections whatsoever (the only instance in Haruai where a verb can appear inflectionless), as in (3): n dw röbö p-n-a I go water get-FUT(-1SG)-DEC
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- (phoneme): IPA(key): [ˈn]
- (letter name): IPA(key): [ˈɛnː]
Letter
n (lower case, upper case N)
Declension
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | n | n-ek |
accusative | n-et | n-eket |
dative | n-nek | n-eknek |
instrumental | n-nel | n-ekkel |
causal-final | n-ért | n-ekért |
translative | n-né | n-ekké |
terminative | n-ig | n-ekig |
essive-formal | n-ként | n-ekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | n-ben | n-ekben |
superessive | n-en | n-eken |
adessive | n-nél | n-eknél |
illative | n-be | n-ekbe |
sublative | n-re | n-ekre |
allative | n-hez | n-ekhez |
elative | n-ből | n-ekből |
delative | n-ről | n-ekről |
ablative | n-től | n-ektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
n-é | n-eké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
n-éi | n-ekéi |
Possessive forms of n | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | n-em | n-jeim |
2nd person sing. | n-ed | n-jeid |
3rd person sing. | n-je | n-jei |
1st person plural | n-ünk | n-jeink |
2nd person plural | n-etek | n-jeitek |
3rd person plural | n-jük | n-jeik |
See also
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
Further reading
- n in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Ido
Indonesian
Pronunciation
- (context pronunciation) IPA(key): /n/
- (letter name) IPA(key): /ɛn/
Letter
n (upper case N)
See also
Synonyms
Italian
Kabyle
Etymology
From Proto-Berber *n, from Proto-Afroasiatic. Cognate with Central Atlas Tamazight ⵏ (n), see there for more.
Preposition
n
- of, genitive preposition
- azemz n tlalit
- date of birth
- used between a numeral and a noun
- Ttmeslayeɣ snat n tutlayin.
- I speak two languages.
- (literally, “I-speak two of languages”)
- used before a year
- di useggas n 2021
- in 2021
- (literally, “in year of 2021”)
Kashubian
Etymology
The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and n for development of the glyph itself.
Letter
n (lower case, upper case N)
Korean
Lashi
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n/, [n̩˧]
Latvian
Etymology
Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [n]
(file) |
Livonian
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /n/
Malay
Letter
n (lower case, upper case N)
Maltese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n/
- IPA(key): /m/ (by assimilation to a following labial)
- IPA(key): /n/, [ŋ] (by assimilation to a following velar)
Mandarin
Usage notes
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Norwegian
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /enː/, /ɛnː/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /n/, (in rn) /ɳ/, (in ng and nk) /ŋ/
Audio (file)
Nupe
Letter
n (lower case, upper case N)
Polish
Etymology
The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and n for development of the glyph itself.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n/
Letter
n (upper case N, lower case)
Romani
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n/
Letter
n (lower case, upper case N)
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).
Saterland Frisian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ən/
- Hyphenation: n
Etymology 1
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Usage notes
- When followed by an adjective and modifying a feminine noun, the form ne may be used.
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
References
- Marron C. Fort (2015) Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN, page 779
Scottish Gaelic
Letter
n (lower case, upper case N)
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /n/
Silesian
Etymology
The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and n for development of the glyph itself.
Letter
n (lower case, upper case N)
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (phoneme) /n/
- IPA(key): (letter name) /ˈene/ [ˈe.ne]
- (Castilian)
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ene
- (Castilian)
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog)
- IPA(key): /ˈʔen/ [ˈʔɛn] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
- Rhymes: -en
- IPA(key): /ˈna/ [ˈna] (letter name, Abakada alphabet)
- Rhymes: -a
- IPA(key): /ˈʔene/ [ˈʔɛ.nɛ] (letter name, Abecedario)
- Rhymes: -ene
- IPA(key): /n/ [n] (phoneme)
- IPA(key): /ˈʔen/ [ˈʔɛn] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
Letter
n (lower case, upper case N, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔)
- The fourteenth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called en and written in the Latin script.
See also
Letter
n (lower case, upper case N, Baybayin spelling ᜈ)
- The eleventh letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abakada alphabet), called na and written in the Latin script.
Letter
n (lower case, upper case N, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈᜒ) (historical)
- The sixteenth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called ene and written in the Latin script.
See also
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /na/ [nɐ]
- Rhymes: -a
Further reading
- “n”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Tarifit
Preposition
n (Tifinagh spelling ⵏ)
- genitive marker
- indicates possession: of, -'s
- taddart n tmɣart
- The house of the woman.
- yeǧi-s n waryaz-nni
- That man's daughter.
- indicates the relationship of a noun and their place of origin
- tiḥenjirin n Arif
- The girls of the Rif.
- indicates a relationship between family members: son of, daughter of
- Mimun n Ɛmar
- Mimun the son of Umar.
- expresses quantity
- arbɛa n tfunasin
- Four cows.
- indicates possession: of, -'s
Usage notes
Nouns following the preposition n are placed in the construct state.
Turkish
Letter
n (lower case, upper case N)
Xhosa
n (lower case,upper case N)
Yoruba
Pronunciation
Letter
n (lower case, upper case N)
See also
- (Latin-script letters) lẹ́tà; A a (Á á, À à, Ā ā), B b, D d, E e (É é, È è, Ē ē), Ẹ ẹ (Ẹ́ ẹ́, Ẹ̀ ẹ̀, Ẹ̄ ẹ̄), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Ī ī), J j, K k, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ō ō), Ọ ọ (Ọ́ ọ́, Ọ̀ ọ̀, Ọ̄ ọ̄), P p, R r, S s, Ṣ ṣ, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Ū ū), W w, Y y
- (Benin) (Latin-script letters) lɛ́tà; A a, B b, D d, E e, Ɛ ɛ, F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i, J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ɔ ɔ, P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, U u, W w, Y y
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ŋ́/
Derived terms
- máa ń (“habitual tense marker”)
Alternative forms
- ng (archaic)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ŋ̄/
Zulu
Letter
n (lower case, upper case N)