Z
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Translingual
Etymology
From the Etruscan letter 𐌆 (z, “ze”), from the Ancient Greek letter Ζ (Z, “zeta”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤆 (z, “zayin”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓏭.
See also
Symbol
Z
- (metrology) zetta-
- (physics) the impedance of an electrical circuit
- (physics, computer graphics) the depth dimension in a 3D environment
- (physics) atomic number
- (biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for either glutamine or glutamic acid
- (time zones) Zulu time
- 1600Z
Derived terms
Gallery
- Uppercase and lowercase versions of Z, in normal and italic type
- Uppercase and lowercase Z in Fraktur
See also
The template Template:Letter does not use the parameter(s): Character=ZPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
Other representations of Z:
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English
Pronunciation
- Name of letter
- (UK, Ireland, Canada, New Zealand, General Australian) IPA(key): /zɛd/
- (US) IPA(key): /zi/
- (Hong Kong) IPA(key): /iˈzɛd/, /ɪˈzɛd/ (from izzard)
Audio (UK) (file) Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -ɛd, -iː
Letter
See also
Noun
- A member of Generation Z.
- Synonyms: Generation Z, Generation Zer, Gen Z, Gen-Zer, Zer, zoomer
- Alternative form: Zed
- 2017, Martha M. Ellis, Linda Garcia, Generation X Presidents Leading Community Colleges: New Challenges, New Leaders, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, page 10:
- Take that a step further for Millennials and Zs by crafting an e-mail subject header that does the same but with even fewer characters; […]
- 2020, Zerlina Maxwell, The End of White Politics: How to Heal Our Liberal Divide, New York, N.Y.: Hachette Books, →ISBN:
- The current progressive movement—and certainly the Millennials and Zs—understand that the Hyde Amendment is discriminatory […]
- 2022, Morgen Witzel, editor, Post-Pandemic Leadership: Exploring Solutions to a Crisis, Routledge, →ISBN:
- The current global pandemic is almost certainly a formative moment for younger Millennials and Zs as they navigate through similar challenges.
- (slang) Z-drug.
- 2013, Snap Capone (lyrics and music), “Lights Out”, in The Memoir, from 0:16:
- I can sell bricks, I don't need to rap
Buj so peng it makes the fiends collapse
Cook that coca into crack
I was selling Zs while you was in your bed
Azerbaijani
Letter
Z upper case (lower case z)
Central Franconian
Etymology
- /ts/ is from West Germanic stem-initial, geminated or post-sonorant *t.
- For the origin of /z/, see S.
Pronunciation
- (German-based) /ts/
- (Dutch-based) /z/
Letter
Z
- A letter in the German-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
- A letter in the Dutch-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
Usage notes
- /ts/ may also be represented by ts, tts, ds, dds, mostly when there is an intervening morpheme boundary.
- In the Dutch-based spelling, /ts/ is always represented by ts (or ds). In the German-based spelling, /z/ is represented by s (see there).
- In the German-based spelling, doubling of z yields tz, which is used after short vowels. (As z is already a voiceless sound there is no change in coda position.)
- In the Dutch-based spelling, z is doubled after short vowels if the syllable were otherwise open. Coda z is automatically replaced with s.
Chinese
Etymology 1
Derived from 直 (zhí, “straight”).
Pronunciation
Pronunciation 1
Letter
Z
- The twenty-sixth and last letter of the Latin alphabet.
Pronunciation 2
Usage notes
- 《汉语拼音方案》 defines a standard pronunciation for each letter. However, these pronunciations are rarely used in education; another pronunciation is commonly used instead.
- The pronunciation above are only used while referring to letters in Pinyin. They are not used in other context (such as English).
Esperanto
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /zo/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /z/
Audio (file)
Letter
Z (upper case, lower case z)
Finnish
Etymology
The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and Z for information on the development of the glyph itself.
Letter
Z (upper case, lower case z)
Usage notes
- Used only in loanwords. In more established loanwords replaced with ts.
German
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tsɛt/
Audio (file)
Usage notes
- Doubling of z generally yields tz, but zz is retained in loanwords (chiefly from Italian).
- In German handwriting, the letter Z very often receives an additional stroke in the middle: Ƶ. A lack of this stroke may even make the letter look "incomplete" to a great deal of language users. However, the corresponding grapheme Ƶ is virtually never used in printing.
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- (phoneme): IPA(key): [ˈz]
- (letter name): IPA(key): [ˈzeː]
Letter
Z (upper case, lower case z)
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | Z | Z-k |
accusative | Z-t | Z-ket |
dative | Z-nek | Z-knek |
instrumental | Z-vel | Z-kkel |
causal-final | Z-ért | Z-kért |
translative | Z-vé | Z-kké |
terminative | Z-ig | Z-kig |
essive-formal | Z-ként | Z-kként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | Z-ben | Z-kben |
superessive | Z-n | Z-ken |
adessive | Z-nél | Z-knél |
illative | Z-be | Z-kbe |
sublative | Z-re | Z-kre |
allative | Z-hez | Z-khez |
elative | Z-ből | Z-kből |
delative | Z-ről | Z-kről |
ablative | Z-től | Z-ktől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
Z-é | Z-ké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
Z-éi | Z-kéi |
Possessive forms of Z | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | Z-m | Z-im |
2nd person sing. | Z-d | Z-id |
3rd person sing. | Z-je | Z-i |
1st person plural | Z-nk | Z-ink |
2nd person plural | Z-tek | Z-itek |
3rd person plural | Z-jük | Z-ik |
See also
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
Ido
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /z/
Italian
Pronunciation
- (letter name) IPA(key): */ˈd͡zɛ.ta/, */ˈd͡ze.ta/[1]
- Rhymes: -ɛta, -eta
- (phonemic realization) IPA(key): */t͡s/*, */d͡z/*
- Z is spelt single stem-initially and after consonants. The pronunciation is not predictable and may be /t͡s/ or /d͡z/, though after -l- and -r- it is mostly /t͡s/. It is also spelt single post-vocalically before [j], where the pronunciation is mostly /tt͡s/.
- Between true vowels it is usually doubled as zz. The pronunciation, again, is not predictable and may be /tt͡s/ or /dd͡z/. Chiefly in learned words it may be spelt single, in which case it is predominantly /dd͡z/.
Letter
Z f or m (invariable, upper case, lower case z)
See also
References
- Z in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
Kashubian
Etymology
The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and Z for development of the glyph itself.
Letter
Z (upper case, lower case z)
Latin
Etymology
The letter descended from the Old Italic letter 𐌆 (z) in the Old Latin period, but had long fell into native disuse by the Classical period, when it came back into use, transcribing the Ancient Greek letter Ζ (Z, “zeta”), which had formerly been transcribed S in initial position and SS in medial position. In writings of the Late Latin period, Z frequently takes the place of S and in the third and fourth centuries often represented word-initial prevocalic di.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /z/, [z̪]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /d͡z/, [d̪͡z̪]
Letter
Z (upper case, lower case z)
- The twenty-third letter of the Classical Latin alphabet, called zēta.
References
- “Z, z”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Z in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1,700/1.
- “Z, z” on page 2,125/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
Latvian
Etymology
Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [z]
Malay
Pronunciation
- (Name of letter) IPA(key): [zɛt̚], [zɛk̚], [zi]
- (Phoneme, Syllable initial) IPA(key): [z]
- (Phoneme, Syllable final) IPA(key): [s]
Letter
Z (upper case, lower case z)
Norwegian
Usage notes
Only in loan words and foreign names. Also used in old inscriptions and texts instead of s.
Polish
Etymology
The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and Z for development of the glyph itself.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /z/, or IPA(key): /s/ if devoiced
Letter
Z (upper case, lower case z)
Portuguese
Letter
Z (upper case, lower case z)
Romani
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /z/
Letter
Z (upper case, lower case z)
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).
Russian
Etymology
Sense 2 was derived from запад (zapad, “west”). The Z sign was initially used for vehicles targeted towards southeastern Ukraine, in a manner similar to invasion stripes used by the Allies in World War II. Later popularised by the Russian government on social media as a rallying symbol.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [zɛt]
Symbol
Z (lower case z)
- the Roman letter Z, z
- Synonym: зет (zɛt)
- (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) (politics) A symbol representing support for the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
- Synonyms: (all derogatory) полусва́стика (polusvástika), но́вая сва́стика (nóvaja svástika), зва́стика (zvástika), зи́га (zíga)
- #ZаМир, #ZаПобеду (hashtags using Z by Russian nationalists in support for war against Ukraine)
- #ZaMir, #ZaPobedu
- "for peace", "for victory"
- ZOV (a symbol combining V and O, more symbols used on Russian tanks, used by the Russian government and some online users in support for war against Ukraine)
- ZOV (may also be interpreted as зов, or "call forth [to war]")
- Zалупа, роZZия, zвери, Zло, Zомби, пиZдец (derisive online slang terms mocking Russian nationalists)
- Zalupa, roZZija, zveri, Zlo, Zombi, piZdec
- "dickhead", "RuZZia", "beaZts", "evil", "Zombie", "fucked up"
Usage notes
Russian nationalists replace instances of the Cyrillic letter З (Z) and less commonly С (S) with Z in some words and usernames, and their opponents also use Latin Z's in Russian words to mock them.
Derived terms
- Z-бло́гер (Z-blóger, “a Z-blogger, a blogger who supports the invasion of Ukraine”)
- Z-ме́рч (Z-mérč, “Z-merch, merchandise glorifying the invasion of Ukraine”)
- Z-патрио́т (Z-patriót, “a Z-patriot, fanatical Russian nationalist who supports the invasion of Ukraine”)
- зе́тник (zétnik, “a vatnik who uses the Z symbol, a supporter of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine”), зэ́тник (zɛ́tnik)
- зиговать (zigovatʹ, “to use a Nazi salute”), zиговать (zigovatʹ, “to support the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine”)
- zва́стика (zvástika)
- zомби (zombi, “a zombie, a fanatical Russian nationalist who supports the invasion of Ukraine”)
- РоZZия (RoZZija, “RuZZia, Russia as the aggressor during the invasion of Ukraine”)
- ру́ZZкий мир (rúZZkij mir)
Descendants
See also
- V (“V, another letter used as a pro-war symbol”)
- Еле́нский (Jelénskij, “Elensky, slang term mocking President Zelensky for the ban of the Z letter”)
- З (Z), з (z)
- свои́х не броса́ем (svoíx ne brosájem, “we do not leave our own, pro-war slogan”)
- спецопера́ция (specoperácija, “special operation, official Russian government term for the invasion of Ukraine”)
- денацифици́ровать (denacificírovatʹ, “denazify, another Russian government term used for the same invasion”)
Saanich
Silesian
Etymology
The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and Z for development of the glyph itself.
Letter
Z (upper case, lower case z)
Slovene
Letter
Z (capital, lowercase z)
- The 24th letter of the Slovene alphabet. Preceded by V and followed by Ž.
Spanish
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog)
- IPA(key): /ˈzi/ [ˈzi] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
- IPA(key): (more native-sounding) /ˈsi/ [ˈsi] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
- Rhymes: -i
- IPA(key): /ˈzeta/ [ˈzɛ.tɐ] (letter name, Abecedario)
- IPA(key): (more native-sounding) /ˈseta/ [ˈsɛ.tɐ] (letter name, Abecedario)
- Rhymes: -eta
- IPA(key): /z/ [z] (phoneme)
- IPA(key): (more native-sounding) /s/ [s] (phoneme)
- IPA(key): /ˈzi/ [ˈzi] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
Letter
Z (upper case, lower case z, Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒ)
- The twenty-eighth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called zi and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes
- This letter is mostly used only in proper nouns, unadapted loanwords, or Spanish-based spellings.
- Some purists of Tagalog replace Z in words with S.
See also
Letter
Z (upper case, lower case z, Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜆ)
- (historical) The twenty-eighth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called zeta and written in the Latin script.
Further reading
- “Z”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Turkish
Letter
Z (upper case, lower case z)
Ukrainian
Etymology
Originated from Russian usage of the letter Z as a military symbol, as well as a symbol of support for Russia's invasion of Ukraine (see Z).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [zɛt]
Symbol
Z (lower case z)
- the Roman letter Z, z
- Synonym: зет (zet)
- (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) (politics) a symbol indicating that the user, or the person tagged with it, supports the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
- РоZZія (derisive online slang term mocking Russian nationalists)
- RoZZija
- "RuZZia"
Usage notes
Often used by Ukrainian Internet users and politicians to mock or deride Russians following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Derived terms
- РоZZі́я (RoZZíja)
See also
Zulu
Letter
Z (upper case, lower case z)