hun

hun

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Hungarian.

• IPA^(key): /hʌn/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʌn

hun (plural huns)

1. (informal) Alternative spelling of hon (“affectionate abbreviation of honey”)

Short for Hungarian partridge.

hun (plural huns)

1. A grey partridge.

hun (plural huns)

1. Alternative form of hoon (“Indian gold coin”)

• nuh, unh

• hund, hunn, hònn (Walser)
• Hund

From Middle High German hunt, from Old High German hunt, from Proto-Germanic *hundaz. Cognate with German Hund, Dutch hond, English hound, Icelandic hundur.

hun m

1. (Formazza) dog

• Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

hun ?

1. sleep

Learned borrowing from Late Latin Hunni.

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencian) [ˈun]
• Homophone: un

hun m (plural huns, feminine huna)

1. Hun

• húnnic

• “hun” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “hun”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “hun” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.

From Old Norse hón (“she”), from Proto-Norse *ᚺᚨᚾᚢ (*hanu), the feminine form, with u-umlaut, of *ᚺᚨᚾᚨᛉ (*hanaʀ) (= Danish han (“he”), Old Norse hann).

• IPA^(key): [hun]

hun (objective case hende, possessive hendes)

1. (personal) she

• “hun,2” in Den Danske Ordbog

hun c (singular definite hunnen, plural indefinite hunner)

1. female, she

• “hun,1” in Den Danske Ordbog

• IPA^(key): /ɦʏn/

• audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: hun
• Rhymes: -ʏn

hun (personal)

1. The dative case of the third-person plural personal pronoun: them, to them.
2. (proscribed) The accusative case of the third-person plural personal pronoun: them.

The difference between hen (as direct object) and hun (as indirect object) does not stem from actual language usage, but was created artificially by the prescriptive grammarian Christiaen van Heule in the 17th century in an attempt to differentiate between the accusative (direct object) and dative case (indirect object), a distinction that was then commonly made in the definite article and certain pronouns, but not the personal pronouns.

In practice, hen and hun have been used interchangeably in Modern Dutch since the language has lost its grammatical case system. Many native speakers are not aware or have trouble remembering when to use one over the other, in part because of the rule's artificiality, in part because the distinction in form between the accusative and dative case has not been preserved anywhere else in the language. As a consequence, it is common to hear sentences where they are used in the exactly opposite way from van Heule's rule; for example:

• Hij heeft hun verraden. (“He has betrayed them.”)
• Ze zijn met hun uitgegaan. (“They have gone out with them.”)
• Ik heb het hen gegeven. (“I have given it to them.”)

When the pronoun is unstressed, the problem can be circumvented by using the reduced form ze:

• Hij heeft ze verraden.
• Ze zijn met ze uitgegaan.
• Ik heb het ze gegeven.

For more information, see the article in the Dutch Wikipedia.

hun (personal) (dependent possessive) (independent possessive hunne)

1. The third-person plural possessive pronoun: their.

   Ken je hun broer?

   Do you know their brother?

• zij, ze
• hen

Likely a replacement of or based on dialectal Dutch hullie or a variant thereof, which is a contraction of hunlieden or hunlui, a compound of hun ("them") + lieden or lui (both meaning "men, people"), which then translates roughly into "them-people". Possibly reinfluenced by or confused with the possessive hun. This etymology explains why usage of hun occurs only when referring to people, never to objects. It's similar to dialectal zun often used colloquially in the Belgian province of Antwerp, which is a contraction of ze ("they") + hun ("them"), and which is also only used for people. Also compare Afrikaans hulle, which also stems from hunlui, but is now used also for things. For more information, see the article in the Dutch Wikipedia.

hun (personal)

1. (proscribed, regiolectal, Netherlands) The nominative case of the third-person plural personal pronoun: they (only referring to people).

   Synonyms: zijlui, zijlieden

• The use of hun as a subject is considered incorrect or substandard by most speakers, both in written and spoken language, and only occurs in the Netherlands.
• For a 3rd person plural pronoun referring to people only, zijlui or zijlieden can be used instead.

• IPA^(key): [ˈhun]
• Rhymes: -un

Borrowed from Latin Hunni.[1][2]

hun (not comparable)

1. Hunnic, Hunnish (of or relating to the Huns)

hun (plural hunok)

1. Hun (a member of a nomadic tribe)

From hol.

hun

1. (dialectal) Alternative form of hol (“where”).

• sehun (dialectal)

• (Hun, Hunnic): hun in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• (where [dialectal]): hun in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

From Chinese 園 (MC hjwon).

hun 

1. garden

Compare Tolai vudu and Patpatar hudu.

hun

1. banana

• Mosel, Ulrike (1980) Tolai and Tok Pisin: the influence of the substratum on the development of New Guinea Pidgin (Pacific Linguistics; Series B, no. 73)‎, Canberra: Australian National University, →ISBN

hun (plural hun-hun, informal 1st possessive hunku, 2nd possessive hunmu, 3rd possessive hunnya)

1. A unit of weight equal to one hundredth of a tahil.

hun (hun⁵／hun⁰, Zhuyin ˙ㄏㄨㄣ)

1. Nonstandard spelling of hūn.
2. Nonstandard spelling of hún.
3. Nonstandard spelling of hǔn.
4. Nonstandard spelling of hùn.

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

hun

1. Alternative form of hund (“hundred”)

• IPA^(key): /hʉn/

hun

1. h-prothesized form of un

hun

1. time

From Old Frisian hond. Cognates include Mooring North Frisian hönj and West Frisian hân.

hun f (plural hunen)

1. (Föhr-Amrum) (anatomy) hand

   a rocht(er)/lacht(er) hun

   the right/left hand

From Danish hun, from Old Norse hón.

• IPA^(key): /hʉn/
• Homophones: hund, hunn
• Rhymes: -ʉn

hun (accusative henne, genitive hennes)

1. she

• hunkjønn / hunnkjønn

• ho (Nynorsk)
• hoe (Nynorsk)

From Old Norse húnn (“a die”).

• hon

hun m (definite singular hunen, indefinite plural huner, definite plural hunene)

1. back board

• “hun” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

hun

From Old Norse húnn (“bear cub”),[1] from Proto-Germanic *hūnaz.

hun m (definite singular hunen, indefinite plural hunar, definite plural hunane)

1. a bear cub

   Synonym: bjørnunge

bakhunar

From Old Norse húnn (“die”).[1]

• (since 2019) hon[2]

hun m (definite singular hunen, indefinite plural hunar, definite plural hunane)

1. back part of a log that might still be used as a plank

From Old Norse húnar, húnir pl.

hun m (definite singular hunen, indefinite plural hunar, definite plural hunane)

1. a Hun (a member of a nomadic tribe from Central Asia)

   Synonym: hunar

• “hun”, in Norsk Ordbok: ordbok over det norske folkemålet og det nynorske skriftmålet, Oslo: Samlaget, 1950-2016

hun

1. Alternative form of ũu

hun

1. manuscript spelling of Hūn, nominative singular of Hūni

Borrowed from French Huns, from Latin Hunni.

hun m (plural huni)

1. Hun

From *pun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puqun, compare Malay pohon.

hun

1. bottom, base
2. beginning
3. origin

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [hun˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [hun˧˧]
• (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [hʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

Typical Central and Southern Vietnamese retention of medial *u, which often developed into ‹ô› (or ‹o›) in Northern dialects; later strengthened with the use of "slang" to avoid awkward situations. Compare rún vs. rốn, thúi vs. thối.

hun • (㖧)

1. Central Vietnam and Southern Vietnam form of hôn (“to kiss”)

• The Northern form with [o] is pretty much never used in daily speech by speakers of Central and Southern dialects, although they might choose to use it in formal writing.

• thơm, hôn, chu, chụt, mi

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 熏 (SV: huân).

hun • (焝, 熏, 燻)

1. to smoke (to preserve or prepare (food) for consumption by treating with smoke)

• nhu

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /hɨːn/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /hiːn/

Lexicalised h-prothesised form of un.

hun

1. (with possessive determiner) self

   Synonym: hunan

   fy hun ― myself

   ei hun ― himself, herself

   ein hun ― ourselves

2. (with possessive determiner preceding both itself and the noun) own

   Synonym: hunan

   fy ngeiriau fy hun ― my own words

   ei syniad ei hun ― his/her own idea

   ein cartref ein hun ― our own home

• Hun tends to be more common in the north and synonymous hunan in the south, although plural hunain is also found in north at times.

hun

1. h-prothesized form of un

   ei hun ei hun ― her own (one)

   (Compare: ei un ei hun ― his own (one))

From Proto-Brythonic *hʉn, from Proto-Celtic *sounos, from Proto-Indo-European *swépnos (“sleep”).

hun f (plural hunau, not mutable)

1. sleep

• anhun (“wakefulness”)
• di-hun (“awake”)
• hunllef (“nightmare”)
• huno (“to sleep”)

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “hun”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

• sùn

• IPA^(key): /hũ̀/

hùn

1. (Ikalẹ) to sleep

   Kítà é hùn. ― The dog is sleeping.

• àìhùn (“sleeplessness”)

From Proto-Mayan *juun.

• IPA^(key): [ˈhun]

hun

1. one

• Beltrán de Santa Rosa María, Pedro (1746) Arte de el idioma maya reducido a succintas reglas, y semilexicon yucateco (in Spanish), Mexico: Por la Biuda de D. Joseph Bernardo de Hogal, page 152: “Hun. Vno. 1.”
• Montgomery, John (2004) Maya-English, English-Maya (Yucatec) Dictionary & Phrasebook, New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc., →ISBN, pages 58, 203