zij

See also: žij

English

Etymology

Middle Persian zīg (literally “cord”)

Noun

zij (plural zijes)

  1. (Islam) An Islamic book that tabulates parameters used for various astronomical events and movements.
    • 2003, José Chabás, Bernard R. Goldstein, “Astronomical Commentary”, in The Alfonsine Tables of Toledo:
      Zijes are comprised of a set of canons and a set of tables. These tables can be grouped as follows: calendar conversions; mean motions; solar, lunar, and planetary equations; trigonometry and spherical astronomy; planetary latitudes, visibilities, and retrogradations; lunar visibility; precession or trepidation; solar and lunar eclipses; astrological tables; geographical coordinates; and star lists. Some zijes may not have had all these items, and others may have had [more]. In particular, planetary velocity tables appear in only [those] that derive from the Iberian Peninsula and the Maghrib.

References

“zij”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.

Dutch

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /zɛi̯/ (stressed), IPA(key): /zə/ (unstressed)
  • audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: zij
  • Rhymes: -ɛi̯
  • Homophone: zei

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch sī, from Old Dutch siu, sia, from Proto-Germanic *iz and *hiz.

Pronoun

zij

  1. Third person singular feminine subject pronoun; she
  2. Third person plural subject pronoun; they
Inflection
Dutch personal pronouns
subject object possessive reflexive genitive5
singular full unstr. full unstr. full unstr. pred.
1st person ik 'k1 mij me mijn m'n1 mijne me mijner, mijns
2nd person jij je jou je jouw je jouwe je jouwer, jouws
2nd person archaic or regiolectal gij ge u – uw – uwe u uwer, uws
2nd person formal u – u – uw – uwe zich uwer, uws
3rd person masculine hij ie1 hem 'm1 zijn z'n1 zijne zich zijner, zijns
3rd person feminine zij ze haar h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 haar h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 hare zich harer, haars
3rd person neuter het 't1 het 't1 zijn z'n1 zijne zich zijner, zijns
plural
1st person wij we ons – ons, onze2 – onze ons onzer, onzes
2nd person jullie je jullie je jullie je – je –
2nd person archaic or regiolectal6 gij ge u – uw – uwe u uwer, uws
2nd person formal u – u – uw – uwe zich uwer, uws
3rd person zij ze hen3, hun4 ze hun – hunne zich hunner, huns
1) Not as common in written language.
2) Inflected as an adjective.
3) In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative).
4) In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative).		 5) Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions.
6) To differentiate from the singular gij, and in a similar vein to "you lot" or "you guys" in English, it is common to use gijlui ("you people") or gijlieden ("you people") or one of their contracted variants, and their corresponding objects, possessives and reflexives, in the plural.
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Afrikaans: sy
  • Javindo: sij
  • Jersey Dutch: zāi

Etymology 2

Contraction of zijde (“side”).

Noun

zij f (plural zijden, diminutive zijtje n)

  1. side (the side of one's body); flank
Descendants
  • → Sranan Tongo: sei, si
    • → Kwinti: sei
    • → Saramaccan: se

Etymology 3

Contraction of zijde (“silk”).

Noun

zij f (uncountable)

  1. Archaic form of zijde (“silk”).

Verb

zij

  1. (dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of zijn
  2. (dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of wezen
  3. (Belgium) singular present imperative of zijn
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