hi
Translingual
English
Etymology 1
American English. First recorded reference is to speech of a Kansas Indian (1862); originally to attract attention, probably a variant of Middle English hey, hy (circa 1475). Also an exclamation to call attention. See hey.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Interjection
hi
- A friendly, informal, casual greeting said upon someone's arrival.
- 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)
- Anna: Pete, hi! Hi, we are here! — Pete: Hi, Anna! Hi, Marsha! — Anna: Hi! — Pete: How are you two? — Marsha: I am great!
Audio (US) (file)
- Anna: Pete, hi! Hi, we are here! — Pete: Hi, Anna! Hi, Marsha! — Anna: Hi! — Pete: How are you two? — Marsha: I am great!
- 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)
- An exclamation to call attention.
- 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter VII, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:
- I made a speaking trumpet of my hands and commenced to whoop “Ahoy!” and “Hello!” at the top of my lungs. […] The Colonel woke up, and, after asking what in brimstone was the matter, opened his mouth and roared “Hi!” and “Hello!” like the bull of Bashan.
- 1954, J. R. R. Tolkien, The Two Towers:
- 'Come back now!' shouted Sam. 'Hi! Come back!' But Gollum had vanished.
- (dated) Expressing wonder or derision.
Derived terms
Translations
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Noun
hi (plural his)
Etymology 2
From high.
See also
Anagrams
Albanian
Etymology
Tosk form of Gheg hî (pl. hin), from Proto-Albanian *skina, from *skines, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱenHis (compare Latin cinis (“dust; cinder”), Ancient Greek κόνις (kónis, “ashes; dust”)).
Basque
Pronunciation
Usage notes
- This pronoun is very informal, and is only used between close friends or family members. In all other situations, zu is used.
- When addressing someone using this pronoun, all verb forms (including those not governed by hi) must be in allocutive agreement. For example:
- Mahaia handia da. ― The table is big.
- Mahaia handia duk. ― The table is big. (informal, to a male)
- Mahaia handia dun. ― The table is big. (informal, to a female)
Declension
Common pronouns | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person (informal) | 2nd person (neutral) | 1st person | 2nd person | ||||
absolutive | ni | hi | zu | gu | zuek | |||
ergative | nik | hik | zuk | guk | ||||
dative | niri | hiri | zuri | guri | zuei | |||
genitive | nire, ene |
hire | zure | gure | zuen | |||
comitative | nirekin, enekin |
hirekin | zurekin | gurekin | zuekin | |||
causative | nigatik, niregatik, enegatik |
higatik, hiregatik | zugatik, zuregatik | gugatik, guregatik | zuengatik | |||
benefactive | niretzat, niretako, enetzat,enetako |
hiretzat, hiretako | zuretzat, zuretako | guretzat, guretako | zuentzat, zuendako | |||
instrumental | nitaz | hitaz | zutaz | gutaz | zuetaz | |||
inessive | nigan, niregan, nire baitan, nitan, enegan, ene baitan |
higan, hiregan, hire baitan, hitan | zugan, zuregan, zure baitan, zutan | gugan, guregan, gure baitan, gutan | zuengan, zuen baitan, zuetan | |||
locative | nire baitako, ene baitako | hire baitako | gu baitako, gure baitako | zu baitako, zure baitako | zuen baitako | |||
allative | niregana, nireganat, nire baitara, nire baitarat, enegana, eneganat, ene baitara, ene baitarat |
hiregana, hireganat, hire baitara, hire baitarat | zugana, zuregana, zuganat, zureganat, zu baitara, zure baitara, zu baitarat, zure baitarat |
gugana, guregana, guganat, gureganat, gu baitara, gure baitara, gu baitarat, gure baitarat |
zuengana, zuenganat, zuen baitara, zuen baitarat | |||
terminative | nireganaino, nire baitaraino, eneganaino |
higanaino, hireganaino, hire baitaraino |
zuganaino, zureganaino, zu baitaraino, zure baitaraino |
guganaino, gureganaino, gu baitaraino, gure baitaraino |
zuenganaino, zuen baitaraino | |||
directive | niganantz, nireganantz, eneganantz |
higanantz, hireganantz | zuganantz, zureganantz | guganantz, gureganantz | zuenganantz | |||
destinative | niganako, nireganako, eneganako |
higanako, hireganako | zuganako, zureganako | guganako, gureganako | zuenganako | |||
ablative | nireganik, niregandik, nire baitatik, nire baitarik, eneganik, enegandik, ene baitatik, ene baitarik |
higanik, hireganik, higandik, hiregandik, hire baitatik, hire baitarik |
zuganik, zureganik, zugandik, zuregandik, zu baitatik, zu baitarik, zure baitatik, zure baitarik |
guganik, gureganik, gugandik, guregandik, gu baitatik, gu baitarik, gure baitatik, gure baitarik |
zuenganik, zuengandik, zuen baitatik, zuen baitarik | |||
Emphatic pronouns | ||||||||
absolutive | neu | heu | zeu | geu | zeuek | |||
ergative | neuk | heuk | zeuk | geuk | ||||
dative | neuri | heuri | zeuri | geuri | zeuei | |||
genitive | neure | heure | zeure | geure | zeuen | |||
comitative | neurekin | heurekin | zeurekin | geurekin | zeuekin | |||
causative | neugatik, neuregatik | heugatik, heuregatik | zugatik, zuregatik | gugatik, guregatik | zuengatik | |||
benefactive | neuretzat, neuretako | heuretzat, heuretako | zeuretzat, zeuretako | geuretzat, geuretako | zeuentzat, zeuendako | |||
instrumental | neutaz | heutaz | zeutaz | geutaz | zeuetaz | |||
inessive | neugan | heuregan, heure baitan | zeugan, zeuregan | geugan, geuregan | zeuengan | |||
locative | neure baitako | heure baitako | zeure baitako | geure baitako | zeuen baitako | |||
allative | neuregana | heugana, heuregana, heure baitara, heure baitarat | zeugana, zeuregana | geugana, geuregana | zeuengana | |||
terminative | neuregaino | heuganaino, heureganaino, heure baitaraino | zeuganaino, zeureganaino | geuganaino, geureganaino | zeuenganaino | |||
directive | neuganantz | heuganantz, heureganantz | zeuganantz, zeureganantz | geuganantz, geureganantz | zeuenganantz | |||
destinative | neureganako | heuganako, heureganako | zeuganako, zeureganako | geuganako, geureganako | zeuenganako | |||
ablative | neuganik, neugandik | heuganik, heureganik, heugandik, heuregandik, heure baitatik, heure baitarik |
zeuganik, zeureganik, zeugandik, zeuregandik | geuganik, geureganik, geugandik, geuregandik | zeuenganik, zeuengandik |
Related terms
Bavarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hiː/
Etymology 1
From Middle High German hin, hine, from Old High German hina. Compare German hin, Dutch heen and English hence.
Adverb
hi
- Used to denote direction away from the speaker.
- Wo gehst'n hi? ― Where are you going?
Derived terms
- dåhi
- duathi
See also
Etymology 2
Clipping of Middle High German hinüber.
Adjective
hi (predicative)
- out of order, broken
- Des Auto is hi. ― The car is broken.
- exhausted, depleted
- Nåchn Spuat gestern woar i afoch nur hi. ― I was just exhausted after yesterday's sport.
- (derogatory) dead, deceased
- Auffigstiegn, owigfoin, hi gwen. ― Ascended, fell off, dead.
- (figuratively, derogatory, chiefly East Central Bavarian, Vienna) stupid
Synonyms
Catalan
Etymology
Inherited from Old Catalan y, i, hic, from Latin hīc (“here”) and ibī (“there”). Compare French y.
Pronoun
hi (enclitic and proclitic)
- represents a place associated with the action described by the verb, unless the place would be introduced by the preposition de
- there (in constructions such as "there is", "there are", etc.: see haver-hi)
- replaces an adverb (or adverbial phrase) describing the manner, instrument or association of an action
- replaces a phrase introduced by any preposition except de (most commonly a or en)
- replaces an indefinite noun or an adjective which is the predicate of a verb other than ésser, esdevenir, estar or semblar
- (Central) in combination with other object pronouns, the third-person singular indirect object pronoun ("to him", "to her", "to it")
Usage notes
- When more than one object pronoun is associated with a given verb, hi is always the last in the group.
- Hi and ho cannot be used together with the same verb, nor can two his be used together.
- It is sometimes stated that hi is never used to replace a complement beginning with de. This is not completely accurate, as hi can replace adverbial phrases such as de pressa, de sobte, etc.
Declension
Derived terms
- (Proclitic contractions): l'hi, m'hi, n'hi, s'hi, t'hi
- (Enclitic contractions): -ens-hi, -l'hi, -la-hi, -les-hi, -los-hi, 'ls-hi, -m'hi, -n'hi, 'ns-hi, -s'hi, -t'hi, -us-hi, -vos-hi
Further reading
- “hi” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Chinese
Pronunciation
Verb
hi
- (Hong Kong Cantonese, euphemistic, originally Internet slang, neologism) Alternative form of 屌 (diu2)
Related terms
Etymology 3
Irregular romanisation of 揩 (haai1).
Cornish
Etymology 1
From Proto-Celtic *sī. Cognate to Welsh hi.
Danish
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -i
- Rhymes: -iː
Noun
hi n (singular definite hiet, plural indefinite hier)
- winter quarters, winter lair (for hibernation); hibernation (used literally or figuratively)
- at gå i hi
- to enter hibernation
- at gå i hi
Declension
Synonyms
- vinterhi
Etymology 2
Onomatopoeia for laughter or giggling.
See also
Fasu
References
- Karl J. Franklin, Comparative Wordlist 1 of the Gulf District and adjacent areas (1975), page 67
German
Further reading
- “hi” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
Latin
Maltese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /iː/
Middle Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hiː/
Inflection
Further reading
- “hi”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “hi (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
Middle English
Middle Low German
Namuyi
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɦ̃ĩ˧]
- Hyphenation: hi
North Frisian
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old Frisian hī, from Proto-West Germanic *hiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hiz, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱe.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hiː/
References
- “hi” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Frisian
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *hiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hiz. Cognates include Old English hē and Old Dutch hie.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhiː/
Declension
Descendants
References
- Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN
Pali
Alternative forms
- 𑀳𑀺 (Brahmi script)
- हि (Devanagari script)
- হি (Bengali script)
- හි (Sinhalese script)
- ဟိ or ႁိ (Burmese script)
- หิ (Thai script)
- ᩉᩥ (Tai Tham script)
- ຫິ (Lao script)
- ហិ (Khmer script)
- 𑄦𑄨 (Chakma script)
References
- Childers, Robert Caesar, Dictionary of the Päli Language, London: Trübner & Company, 1875.
- Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “hi”, in Pali-English Dictionary, London: Chipstead
Pirahã
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hɪ̃̀/
Sumerian
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [hi˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [hɪj˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [hɪj˧˧]
See also
Yola
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle English hi (“they, them”), from Old English hīe, hī.
Pronoun
hi
- they
- 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, pages 86[1]:
- Mot w'all aar boust, hi soon was ee-teight
- But with all their bravado they were soon taught
- 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 8, pages 86[1]:
- Hi kinket an keilt, ee vewe aam 'twode snite.
- They kicked and rolled, the few that appeared.
- them
- 1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, lines 7[2]:
- Shu ztaared an shu ztudied hi near parshagh moan,
- She stared and she studied (them) by the other passive woman,
References
- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867
- Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland
Yoruba
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /hí/
See also
Alternative forms
Derived terms
- húlí (“to the home”)
See also
Zou
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hi˧/
References
- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 40