fa
Translingual
English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Latin famuli, from the first word of the fourth line of Ut queant laxis, the medieval hymn which solfège was based on because its lines started on each note of the scale successively.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fɑ/
Audio (Southern England) (file) - Rhymes: -ɑː
Noun
fa (plural fas)
- (music) A syllable used in solfège to represent the fourth diatonic (or sixth chromatic) note of a major scale.
- 1749, Henry Fielding, “Containing the Arrival of an Irish Gentleman, with very extraordinary Adventures which ensued at the Inn”, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume IV, London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book X, pages 11–12:
- And now Mrs. Waters (for we muſt confeſs ſhe was in the ſame Bed) being, I ſuppoſe, awakened from her Sleep, and ſeeing two Men fighting in her Bed-chamber, began to ſcream in the moſt violent Manner, crying out Murder! Robbery! and more frequently Rape! which laſt, ſome, perhaps, may wonder ſhe ſhould mention, who do not conſider that theſe Words of Exclamation are uſed by Ladies in a Fright, as Fa, la, la, ra, da, &c. are in Muſic, only as the Vehicles of Sound, and without any fixed Ideas.
Derived terms
Translations
|
See also
Catalan
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Interjection
fa
- (dialectal) a particle used in some dialects to emphasize a negative sentence
- Fa que no es veu!
- it’s obvious!
- (literally, “it does that it's not seen!”)
Chichewa
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-kúa.
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /faː/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: fa
- Rhymes: -aː
Noun
fa m (plural fa's, diminutive faatje n)
Derived terms
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fa/
Audio (Paris) (file)
Derived terms
Further reading
- “fa”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Galician
Gothic
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈfɒ]
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -fɒ
Noun
fa (countable and uncountable, plural fák)
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | fa | fák |
accusative | fát | fákat |
dative | fának | fáknak |
instrumental | fával | fákkal |
causal-final | fáért | fákért |
translative | fává | fákká |
terminative | fáig | fákig |
essive-formal | faként | fákként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | fában | fákban |
superessive | fán | fákon |
adessive | fánál | fáknál |
illative | fába | fákba |
sublative | fára | fákra |
allative | fához | fákhoz |
elative | fából | fákból |
delative | fáról | fákról |
ablative | fától | fáktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
fáé | fáké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
fáéi | fákéi |
Possessive forms of fa | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | fám | fáim |
2nd person sing. | fád | fáid |
3rd person sing. | fája | fái |
1st person plural | fánk | fáink |
2nd person plural | fátok | fáitok |
3rd person plural | fájuk | fáik |
Derived terms
- faalkotmány
- faanyag
- faarc
- faág
- faállomány
- faáru
- fababa
- fabalzsam
- fabatka
- fabáb
- faberakás
- fabetegség
- fabeton
- fabódé
- faburkolat
- facement
- facimbalom
- facipő
- facsavar
- facsemete
- facsiga
- facsiszolat
- facsoport
- fadarab
- fadarázs
- faderék
- fadongó
- fadöntés
- fadugó
- fadúc
- faecet
- faedény
- faeke
- faeper
- faesztergályos
- fafajta
- fafaragás, fafaragó
- fafejű
- fafeldolgozás, fafeldolgozó
- faforgács
- fafúvó → fafúvós
- fafűrész
- fafűtés → fafűtéses
- fagaras
- fagáz
- fagomba
- fagyapot
- fagyöngy
- fahamu
- fahang
- fahasáb
- fahatár
- faháncs
- faház
- fahegy
- fahéj → fahéjszínű
- fahíd
- fahordó
- faipar
- faiskola
- fajankó
- fakabát
- fakalapács
- fakanál
- fakard
- fakátrány
- fakereskedő
- fakereszt
- fakép
- fakéreg
- fakilincs
- fakitermelés
- fakín
- fakopáncs
- fakorona
- fakova
- faköpönyeg
- faköszörűgép, faköszörület
- fakötés
- fakupa
- fakutya
- fakúsz
- faláb → falábú
- faláda
- falemez
- falepárlás
- falevél
- falépcső
- faló
- famaró
- famegmunkálás
- famentes
- fametszés, fametszet, fametsző
- faméh
- famézga
- famozaik
- famunka → famunkás
- fanemesítés
- fanyelű
- fanyelv → fanyelvű
- fanyesés
- fanyűvő
- faodú
- faolaj
- faóriás
- fapad → fapados
- fapapucs
- fapárolás
- fapofa
- fapuska
- faputtony
- farablás
- farakás
- faraktár
- farész
- farontó
- farost → farostlemez → farostlemezgyár
- farönk
- fasor
- faszállítás
- faszeg
- faszent
- faszesz
- faszén → faszéngáz
- faszobor, faszobrász
- fatalp
- fatányér → fatányéros
- fatelep
- fatelítés
- fatemplom
- fatest
- fatetű
- fatornyos
- fatökű
- fatönk
- fatörzs
- fatuskó
- fatüzelés → fatüzeléses
- faúsztatás
- favágás, favágó, favágító
- faválaszték
- faváz → favázas
- favicc
- favilla
- akácfa
- almafa
- aranyfa
- babérfa
- balsafa
- balzsamfa
- banánfa
- barackfa
- barkócafa
- bálványfa
- birsalmafa
- birskörtefa
- bocfa
- bodzafa
- bokrétafa
- borsófa
- bükkfa
- cédrusfa
- ciprusfa
- citromfa
- császárfa
- cserefa
- cseresznyefa
- cserfa
- datolyafa
- dinnyefa
- diófa
- ecetfa
- eperfa
- ezüstfa
- ébenfa
- égerfa
- fahéjfa
- fenyőfa
- fügefa
- fűzfa
- gesztenyefa
- gubacsfa
- gumifa
- gyertyánfa
- gyümölcsfa
- hársfa
- hólyagfa
- istenfa
- jávorfa
- jegenyefa
- juharfa
- júdásfa
- kajszibarackfa
- kaucsukfa
- kámforfa
- kányafa
- kenyérfa
- kékfa
- kininfa
- kínafa
- körtefa
- kőrisfa
- lepényfa
- licsifa
- liliomfa
- majomkenyérfa
- mandulafa
- mangófa
- meggyfa
- mogyorófa
- narancseperfa
- narancsfa
- nyárfa
- nyírfa
- olajfa
- orgonafa
- ostorfa
- ostorménfa
- paliszanderfa
- parafa
- pálmafa
- rózsafa
- sárgabarackfa
- sárkányfa
- somfa
- sóskafa
- sörgyefa
- szederfa
- szelídgesztenyefa
- szilfa
- szilvafa
- szivarfa
- tiszafa
- tíkfa (formerly spelled teakfa)
- tölgyfa
- trombitafa
- tulipánfa
- uborkafa
- vadalmafa
- vadgesztenyefa
- vadkörtefa
- vasfa
- ajtófa
- ajtófélfa
- ajtószárfa
- akasztófa
- akolófa
- alakfa
- aprófa
- ágasfa
- ágfa
- állásfa
- ászokfa
- bálványfa
- bányafa
- bélfa
- bitófa
- bútorfa
- családfa
- csapófa
- csántérfa
- csemetefa
- díszfa
- dongafa
- dorongfa
- elegyfa
- életfa
- épületfa
- fejfa
- félfa
- főfa
- főtefa
- fű-fa, fűnek-fának
- gallyfa
- gyámfa
- hagyásfa
- hajítófa
- hasábfa
- haszonfa
- határfa
- hámfa
- kandallófa
- kaptafa
- kapufa
- kapufélfa
- karácsonyfa
- karfa
- keményfa
- keresztfa
- kisafa
- konyhafa
- kopjafa
- korfa
- koszorúfa
- lármafa
- látófa
- lemezfa
- lombfa
- májfa
- májusfa
- mesefa
- mintázófa
- műfa
- nemzetségfa
- nótafa
- nyújtófa
- ollófa
- ostorfa
- ölfa
- párnafa
- piszkafa
- puhafa
- rénfa
- rovásfa
- rönkfa
- rúdfa
- sasfa
- sámfa
- sátorfa
- sefűsefa
- simítófa
- sodrófa
- sorfa
- stoppolófa
- süvegfa
- szarufa
- szálfa
- szárazfa
- származásfa
- szegélyfa
- szelemenfa
- szemöldökfa
- szerfa
- szerszámfa
- szégyenfa
- színfa
- szolgafa
- talpfa
- támaszfa
- támfa
- tilalomfa
- tömőfa
- törpefa
- törzsfa
- tüzelőfa
- tűzifa
- ujjafa
- ültetőfa
- ütőfa
- vakfa
- vállfa
- vánkosfa
References
- Entry #829 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- fa in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- (tree, wood): fa in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (“fa”, a syllable used in solfège to represent the fourth note of a major scale; alternative form of fá): fa in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- fa in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
Irish
Particle
fa (triggers h-prothesis)
- Obsolete form of ba (“was”) (past affirmative and relative of is).
- 2014 [1628–1634], Geoffrey Keating, edited by Beatrix Färber, David Comyn, Patrick S. Dinneen, Foras Feasa ar Éirinn, CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts:
- gurab Alba fá hainm don chrích sin
- that that country’s name was Scotland
- 1939 [c. 13th century], “Bean ós mhnáibh cáich Cailleach Dé”, in Lambert McKenna, editor, Aithdioghluim Dána, Dublin:
- Is leomhan Ó mBriun an bhean / siur ga seoladh [ar] a son, / síol na n-ealta fa díon damh, / síol glan nach ba creachta ar gcrodh.
- A lion-hero of the Í Bhriuin is this lady, a sister that guides them by her words; noble the offspring of that flock, my guardians (ensuring) that all I own be safe from harrying.
- (literally, “(…) the seed of the flock which was protection to me, noble seed (…)”)
Related terms
Simple copular forms
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Compound copular forms
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v Used before vowel sounds |
Preposition
fa (plus dative, triggers lenition)
Usage notes
In the meaning about it was followed by a noun in accusative.
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfa/*
- Rhymes: -a
- Hyphenation: fà
- Unlike for the musical note below, this word always triggers syntactic gemination. Hence for example fa freddo (“it's cold”, literally “it makes cold”) is pronounced /ˈfa‿fˈfreddo/.
Verb
fa
- inflection of fare:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfa/°
- IPA(key): (traditional) /ˈfa/*
- Rhymes: -a
- Hyphenation: fà
- Unlike for the verb form and derived adverb, this word (and other terms for musical notes) do not trigger syntactic gemination in modern usage, although they did traditionally. Hence fa sol la (“fa sol la”) is now pronounced /ˈfa ˈsɔl ˈla/, but traditionally /ˈfa‿sˈsɔl ˈla/.
Kabyle
Mandarin
Romanization
fa
Usage notes
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Manx
Etymology
From Old Irish fáth, from Proto-Celtic *wātus (“inspired utterance”) (compare Welsh gwawd (“song, praise, poetry”)), from Proto-Indo-European *weh₂t-.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Middle English
Etymology 1
From the oblique stem of Old English ġefāh.
Etymology 2
From Old English fā, variant of fāh.
Neapolitan
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fa/
- Rhymes: -a
Niuean
< 3 | 4 | 5 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : fa | ||
Etymology
From Proto-Polynesian *fa, from Proto-Oceanic *pat, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pat, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.
Norman
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Audio (Jersey) (file)
Synonyms
Northern Ndebele
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-kúa.
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Latin famuli, from the first word of the fourth line of Ut queant laxis, the medieval hymn on which solfège was based because its lines started on each note of the scale successively. Through Italian.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fɑː/
Noun
fa m (definite singular fa-en, indefinite plural fa-ar, definite plural fa-ane)
- (music) fa, a syllable used in solfège to represent the fourth diatonic (or sixth chromatic) note of a major scale.
References
- “fa” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Frisian
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *fą̄han, from Proto-Germanic *fanhaną. Cognates include Old English fōn, Old Saxon fāhan and Old Dutch fān.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfaː/
References
- Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN
Old Irish
Etymology
Apparently a derivative of some form of the copula is that is from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [va]
Conjunction
fa (triggers lenition)
- (in indirect interrogative clauses) or
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 23b32
- imba bás ba bethu
- whether it be death or life
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 90c19
- Ní fetar indam·ṡoírfad Día fa nacc.
- I do not know whether God would deliver me or not.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 91c1
- No scrútain-se, in tan no mbíinn isnaib fochaidib, dús in retarscar cairde ṅDǽ ⁊ a remcaissiu, ⁊ ní tucus-sa insin, in ru·etarscar fa naic.
- I used to consider, when I was in the tribulations, [to see] whether the covenant of God and his providence had departed, and I didn't understand [that,] whether it had departed or not.
- c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 12b7
- cosmail leiss cacha orr im cara fá æscare
- alike to him whichever he may slay, whether friend or foe
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 23b32
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 fa, ba, fo”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Swedish
Etymology
From Old Norse fá, from Proto-Germanic *fanhaną.
Conjugation
present | past | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | fā | — | |||
participle | fāndi, -e | fangin (sup. fāt) | |||
active voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
iæk | fār, fǣr | fā-, -i, -e | — | fik, fæk | fingi, finge |
þū | fār, fǣr | fā-, -i, -e | fā | fikt | fingi, finge |
han | fār, fǣr | fā-, -i, -e | — | fik, fæk | fingi, finge |
vīr | fām, -um, -om | fām, -um, -om | fām, -um, -om | fingum, fingom | fingum, fingom |
īr | fān, -in | fān, -in | fān, -in | fingin | fingin |
þēr | fā | fān, -in | — | fingu, fingo | fingin |
mediopassive voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
iæk | — | — | — | — | — |
þū | — | — | — | — | — |
han | — | — | — | — | — |
vīr | — | — | — | — | — |
īr | — | — | — | — | — |
þēr | — | — | — | — | — |
Descendants
- Swedish: få
Scots
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fa/
South Marquesan
< 3 | 4 | 5 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : fa | ||
Etymology
From Proto-Polynesian *fa, from Proto-Oceanic *pat, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pat, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.
Southern Ndebele
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-kúa.
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfa/ [ˈfa]
- Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: fa
Derived terms
Further reading
- “fa”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Sranan Tongo
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Derived terms
Swahili
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-kúa.
Pronunciation
Audio (Kenya) (file)
Conjugation
Conjugation of -fa | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Infinitives | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Imperatives | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. |
Derived terms
- Verbal derivations:
See also
- -ua (“kill”)
Tarifit
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Conjugation
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Turkish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fa/
Tuvaluan
< 3 | 4 | 5 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : fa | ||
Etymology
From Proto-Polynesian *fa, from Proto-Oceanic *pat, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pat, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.
Venetian
Noun
fa m (invariable)
Volapük
West Makian
Wuvulu-Aua
Etymology
From Proto-Oceanic *pat, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pat, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.
Xhosa
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-kúa.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [fá]
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms
Yoruba
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fà/
Verb
fà
- (transitive, intransitive) to pull
- mo fa aṣọ ― I pulled the clothes
- (transitive) to suck
- (intransitive) to subside, to reduce
- eéwó t'ó wú ti fà ― The boil that was swollen has reduced
- to draw, to sketch
- ó fa ìlà sórí ìwé ― He drew a line on the piece of paper
- to become sluggish
- ọ̀lẹ́ fà tìì lẹ́nu iṣẹ́ ― The lazy person was sluggish at work
- to be elastic, to be mucilaginous (as a soup or stew), to draw
- Synonym: yọ̀
- ọbẹ̀ ewédú náàá fà ― This ewedu soup is mucilaginous
- (intransitive) to crawl
- bí ìgbín fà, ìkarahun á tẹ̀lé e ― When the snail crawls its shell shall follow it
- (transitive) to cause, to bring about
- ìyà púpọ̀ ni ó fa ẹkún ― Too much suffering is the cause of weeping
- (transitive) to long for
- ọkàn àwọn ọmọ́ fà mí ― I longed for those children
Usage notes
- fa before a direct object
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fá/
Verb
fá
Zulu
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-kúa.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /fá/
Inflection
Tone H | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukufa | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukufa | ukungafi | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | yifa | -fe | |||||||
Plural | yifani | -feni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyafa, ngifa | engifayo, engifa | ngifa | angifi | engingafi | ngingafi | |||
2nd singular | uyafa, ufa | ofayo, ofa | ufa | awufi | ongafi | ungafi | |||
1st plural | siyafa, sifa | esifayo, esifa | sifa | asifi | esingafi | singafi | |||
2nd plural | niyafa, nifa | enifayo, enifa | nifa | anifi | eningafi | ningafi | |||
Class 1 | uyafa, ufa | ofayo, ofa | efa | akafi | ongafi | engafi | |||
Class 2 | bayafa, bafa | abafayo, abafa | befa | abafi | abangafi | bengafi | |||
Class 3 | uyafa, ufa | ofayo, ofa | ufa | awufi | ongafi | ungafi | |||
Class 4 | iyafa, ifa | efayo, efa | ifa | ayifi | engafi | ingafi | |||
Class 5 | liyafa, lifa | elifayo, elifa | lifa | alifi | elingafi | lingafi | |||
Class 6 | ayafa, afa | afayo, afa | efa | awafi | angafi | engafi | |||
Class 7 | siyafa, sifa | esifayo, esifa | sifa | asifi | esingafi | singafi | |||
Class 8 | ziyafa, zifa | ezifayo, ezifa | zifa | azifi | ezingafi | zingafi | |||
Class 9 | iyafa, ifa | efayo, efa | ifa | ayifi | engafi | ingafi | |||
Class 10 | ziyafa, zifa | ezifayo, ezifa | zifa | azifi | ezingafi | zingafi | |||
Class 11 | luyafa, lufa | olufayo, olufa | lufa | alufi | olungafi | lungafi | |||
Class 14 | buyafa, bufa | obufayo, obufa | bufa | abufi | obungafi | bungafi | |||
Class 15 | kuyafa, kufa | okufayo, okufa | kufa | akufi | okungafi | kungafi | |||
Class 17 | kuyafa, kufa | okufayo, okufa | kufa | akufi | okungafi | kungafi | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngifile, ngifē | engifile, engifē | ngifile, ngifē | angifanga | engingafanga | ngingafanga | |||
2nd singular | ufile, ufē | ofile, ofē | ufile, ufē | awufanga | ongafanga | ungafanga | |||
1st plural | sifile, sifē | esifile, esifē | sifile, sifē | asifanga | esingafanga | singafanga | |||
2nd plural | nifile, nifē | enifile, enifē | nifile, nifē | anifanga | eningafanga | ningafanga | |||
Class 1 | ufile, ufē | ofile, ofē | efile, efē | akafanga | ongafanga | engafanga | |||
Class 2 | bafile, bafē | abafile, abafē | befile, befē | abafanga | abangafanga | bengafanga | |||
Class 3 | ufile, ufē | ofile, ofē | ufile, ufē | awufanga | ongafanga | ungafanga | |||
Class 4 | ifile, ifē | efile, efē | ifile, ifē | ayifanga | engafanga | ingafanga | |||
Class 5 | lifile, lifē | elifile, elifē | lifile, lifē | alifanga | elingafanga | lingafanga | |||
Class 6 | afile, afē | afile, afē | efile, efē | awafanga | angafanga | engafanga | |||
Class 7 | sifile, sifē | esifile, esifē | sifile, sifē | asifanga | esingafanga | singafanga | |||
Class 8 | zifile, zifē | ezifile, ezifē | zifile, zifē | azifanga | ezingafanga | zingafanga | |||
Class 9 | ifile, ifē | efile, efē | ifile, ifē | ayifanga | engafanga | ingafanga | |||
Class 10 | zifile, zifē | ezifile, ezifē | zifile, zifē | azifanga | ezingafanga | zingafanga | |||
Class 11 | lufile, lufē | olufile, olufē | lufile, lufē | alufanga | olungafanga | lungafanga | |||
Class 14 | bufile, bufē | obufile, obufē | bufile, bufē | abufanga | obungafanga | bungafanga | |||
Class 15 | kufile, kufē | okufile, okufē | kufile, kufē | akufanga | okungafanga | kungafanga | |||
Class 17 | kufile, kufē | okufile, okufē | kufile, kufē | akufanga | okungafanga | kungafanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngāfa | engāfa | ngāfa | angifanga | engingafanga | ngingafanga | |||
2nd singular | wāfa | owāfa | wāfa | awufanga | ongafanga | ungafanga | |||
1st plural | sāfa | esāfa | sāfa | asifanga | esingafanga | singafanga | |||
2nd plural | nāfa | enāfa | nāfa | anifanga | eningafanga | ningafanga | |||
Class 1 | wāfa | owāfa | āfa | akafanga | ongafanga | engafanga | |||
Class 2 | bāfa | abāfa | bāfa | abafanga | abangafanga | bengafanga | |||
Class 3 | wāfa | owāfa | wāfa | awufanga | ongafanga | ungafanga | |||
Class 4 | yāfa | eyāfa | yāfa | ayifanga | engafanga | ingafanga | |||
Class 5 | lāfa | elāfa | lāfa | alifanga | elingafanga | lingafanga | |||
Class 6 | āfa | āfa | āfa | awafanga | angafanga | engafanga | |||
Class 7 | sāfa | esāfa | sāfa | asifanga | esingafanga | singafanga | |||
Class 8 | zāfa | ezāfa | zāfa | azifanga | ezingafanga | zingafanga | |||
Class 9 | yāfa | eyāfa | yāfa | ayifanga | engafanga | ingafanga | |||
Class 10 | zāfa | ezāfa | zāfa | azifanga | ezingafanga | zingafanga | |||
Class 11 | lwāfa | olwāfa | lwāfa | alufanga | olungafanga | lungafanga | |||
Class 14 | bāfa | obāfa | bāfa | abufanga | obungafanga | bungafanga | |||
Class 15 | kwāfa | okwāfa | kwāfa | akufanga | okungafanga | kungafanga | |||
Class 17 | kwāfa | okwāfa | kwāfa | akufanga | okungafanga | kungafanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingafa | — | ngingafa | ngingefe | — | ngingefe | |||
2nd singular | ungafa | — | ungafa | ungefe | — | ungefe | |||
1st plural | singafa | — | singafa | singefe | — | singefe | |||
2nd plural | ningafa | — | ningafa | ningefe | — | ningefe | |||
Class 1 | angafa | — | engafa | angefe | — | engefe | |||
Class 2 | bangafa | — | bengafa | bangefe | — | bengefe | |||
Class 3 | ungafa | — | ungafa | ungefe | — | ungefe | |||
Class 4 | ingafa | — | ingafa | ingefe | — | ingefe | |||
Class 5 | lingafa | — | lingafa | lingefe | — | lingefe | |||
Class 6 | angafa | — | engafa | angefe | — | engefe | |||
Class 7 | singafa | — | singafa | singefe | — | singefe | |||
Class 8 | zingafa | — | zingafa | zingefe | — | zingefe | |||
Class 9 | ingafa | — | ingafa | ingefe | — | ingefe | |||
Class 10 | zingafa | — | zingafa | zingefe | — | zingefe | |||
Class 11 | lungafa | — | lungafa | lungefe | — | lungefe | |||
Class 14 | bungafa | — | bungafa | bungefe | — | bungefe | |||
Class 15 | kungafa | — | kungafa | kungefe | — | kungefe | |||
Class 17 | kungafa | — | kungafa | kungefe | — | kungefe | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizokufa | engizokufa | ngizokufa | angizukufa | engingezukufa | ngingezukufa | |||
2nd singular | uzokufa | ozokufa | uzokufa | awuzukufa | ongezukufa | ungezukufa | |||
1st plural | sizokufa | esizokufa | sizokufa | asizukufa | esingezukufa | singezukufa | |||
2nd plural | nizokufa | enizokufa | nizokufa | anizukufa | eningezukufa | ningezukufa | |||
Class 1 | uzokufa | ozokufa | ezokufa | akazukufa | ongezukufa | engezukufa | |||
Class 2 | bazokufa | abazokufa | bezokufa | abazukufa | abangezukufa | bengezukufa | |||
Class 3 | uzokufa | ozokufa | uzokufa | awuzukufa | ongezukufa | ungezukufa | |||
Class 4 | izokufa | ezokufa | izokufa | ayizukufa | engezukufa | ingezukufa | |||
Class 5 | lizokufa | elizokufa | lizokufa | alizukufa | elingezukufa | lingezukufa | |||
Class 6 | azokufa | azokufa | ezokufa | awazukufa | angezukufa | engezukufa | |||
Class 7 | sizokufa | esizokufa | sizokufa | asizukufa | esingezukufa | singezukufa | |||
Class 8 | zizokufa | ezizokufa | zizokufa | azizukufa | ezingezukufa | zingezukufa | |||
Class 9 | izokufa | ezokufa | izokufa | ayizukufa | engezukufa | ingezukufa | |||
Class 10 | zizokufa | ezizokufa | zizokufa | azizukufa | ezingezukufa | zingezukufa | |||
Class 11 | luzokufa | oluzokufa | luzokufa | aluzukufa | olungezukufa | lungezukufa | |||
Class 14 | buzokufa | obuzokufa | buzokufa | abuzukufa | obungezukufa | bungezukufa | |||
Class 15 | kuzokufa | okuzokufa | kuzokufa | akuzukufa | okungezukufa | kungezukufa | |||
Class 17 | kuzokufa | okuzokufa | kuzokufa | akuzukufa | okungezukufa | kungezukufa | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyokufa | engiyokufa | ngiyokufa | angiyukufa | engingeyukufa | ngingeyukufa | |||
2nd singular | uyokufa | oyokufa | uyokufa | awuyukufa | ongeyukufa | ungeyukufa | |||
1st plural | siyokufa | esiyokufa | siyokufa | asiyukufa | esingeyukufa | singeyukufa | |||
2nd plural | niyokufa | eniyokufa | niyokufa | aniyukufa | eningeyukufa | ningeyukufa | |||
Class 1 | uyokufa | oyokufa | eyokufa | akayukufa | ongeyukufa | engeyukufa | |||
Class 2 | bayokufa | abayokufa | beyokufa | abayukufa | abangeyukufa | bengeyukufa | |||
Class 3 | uyokufa | oyokufa | uyokufa | awuyukufa | ongeyukufa | ungeyukufa | |||
Class 4 | iyokufa | eyokufa | iyokufa | ayiyukufa | engeyukufa | ingeyukufa | |||
Class 5 | liyokufa | eliyokufa | liyokufa | aliyukufa | elingeyukufa | lingeyukufa | |||
Class 6 | ayokufa | ayokufa | eyokufa | awayukufa | angeyukufa | engeyukufa | |||
Class 7 | siyokufa | esiyokufa | siyokufa | asiyukufa | esingeyukufa | singeyukufa | |||
Class 8 | ziyokufa | eziyokufa | ziyokufa | aziyukufa | ezingeyukufa | zingeyukufa | |||
Class 9 | iyokufa | eyokufa | iyokufa | ayiyukufa | engeyukufa | ingeyukufa | |||
Class 10 | ziyokufa | eziyokufa | ziyokufa | aziyukufa | ezingeyukufa | zingeyukufa | |||
Class 11 | luyokufa | oluyokufa | luyokufa | aluyukufa | olungeyukufa | lungeyukufa | |||
Class 14 | buyokufa | obuyokufa | buyokufa | abuyukufa | obungeyukufa | bungeyukufa | |||
Class 15 | kuyokufa | okuyokufa | kuyokufa | akuyukufa | okungeyukufa | kungeyukufa | |||
Class 17 | kuyokufa | okuyokufa | kuyokufa | akuyukufa | okungeyukufa | kungeyukufa | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngife | ngingafi | |||||||
2nd singular | ufe | ungafi | |||||||
1st plural | sife | singafi | |||||||
2nd plural | nife | ningafi | |||||||
Class 1 | afe | angafi | |||||||
Class 2 | bafe | bangafi | |||||||
Class 3 | ufe | ungafi | |||||||
Class 4 | ife | ingafi | |||||||
Class 5 | life | lingafi | |||||||
Class 6 | afe | angafi | |||||||
Class 7 | sife | singafi | |||||||
Class 8 | zife | zingafi | |||||||
Class 9 | ife | ingafi | |||||||
Class 10 | zife | zingafi | |||||||
Class 11 | lufe | lungafi | |||||||
Class 14 | bufe | bungafi | |||||||
Class 15 | kufe | kungafi | |||||||
Class 17 | kufe | kungafi | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngafa | ngangafa, angafa, angangafa | |||||||
2nd singular | wafa | wangafa, awafa, awangafa | |||||||
1st plural | safa | sangafa, asafa, asangafa | |||||||
2nd plural | nafa | nangafa, anafa, anangafa | |||||||
Class 1 | wafa | wangafa, akafa, akangafa | |||||||
Class 2 | bafa | bangafa, abafa, abangafa | |||||||
Class 3 | wafa | wangafa, awafa, awangafa | |||||||
Class 4 | yafa | yangafa, ayafa, ayangafa | |||||||
Class 5 | lafa | langafa, alafa, alangafa | |||||||
Class 6 | afa | angafa, awafa, awangafa | |||||||
Class 7 | safa | sangafa, asafa, asangafa | |||||||
Class 8 | zafa | zangafa, azafa, azangafa | |||||||
Class 9 | yafa | yangafa, ayafa, ayangafa | |||||||
Class 10 | zafa | zangafa, azafa, azangafa | |||||||
Class 11 | lwafa | lwangafa, alwafa, alwangafa | |||||||
Class 14 | bafa | bangafa, abafa, abangafa | |||||||
Class 15 | kwafa | kwangafa, akwafa, akwangafa | |||||||
Class 17 | kwafa | kwangafa, akwafa, akwangafa |
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “fa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “fa (imper. yifa, 6.3)”