-nge-
See also: Appendix:Variations of "nge"
Swahili
Pronunciation
Audio (Kenya) (file)
Infix
-nge-
- would, present conditional maker
- Antonym: -singe-
- Ningefanya tofauti. ― I would do it differently.
- 1952, Biblio [Swahili Union Version Bible], United Bible Societies, 2 Wakorintho 12:6:
- Maana kama ningetaka kujisifu singekuwa mpumbavu, kwa sababu nitasema kweli.
- Because if I wanted to brag, I would not be a fool, because I would tell the truth.
Usage notes
The negative conditional can be expressed by using positive subject concords and inserting -si- immediately before -nge-, or by using negative subject concords.
Conjugation
Conjugation of -nge- (positive)
| Singular | Plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | ninge- | tunge- | |
| 2nd person | unge- | mnge- | |
| 3rd person | m-wa(I/II) | ange- | wange- |
| m-mi(III/IV) | unge- | inge- | |
| ji-ma(V/VI) | linge- | yange- | |
| ki-vi(VII/VIII) | kinge- | vinge- | |
| n(IX/X) | inge- | zinge- | |
| u(XI) | unge- | see n(X) or ma(VI) | |
| ku(XV/XVII) | kunge- | ||
| pa(XVI) | pange- | ||
| mu(XVIII) | mnge- | ||
| For more information, see Appendix:Swahili verbs. | |||
Conjugation of -nge- (negative)
| Singular | Plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | singe- | hatunge- | |
| 2nd person | hunge- | hamnge- | |
| 3rd person | m-wa(I/II) | hange- | hawange- |
| m-mi(III/IV) | haunge- | hainge- | |
| ji-ma(V/VI) | halinge- | hayange- | |
| ki-vi(VII/VIII) | hakinge- | havinge- | |
| n(IX/X) | hainge- | hazinge- | |
| u(XI) | haunge- | see n(X) or ma(VI) | |
| ku(XV/XVII) | hakunge- | ||
| pa(XVI) | hapange- | ||
| mu(XVIII) | hamnge- | ||
| For more information, see Appendix:Swahili verbs. | |||
See also
| Swahili TAM markers | |
|---|---|
| Initial | |
| Positive infinitive | ku-/kw-1 |
| Negative infinitive | kuto- |
| Habitual | hu-1 |
| Telegrammic | ka-1 |
| Final | |
| General (positive indicative) | -a |
| Positive subjunctive | -e |
| Negative present | -i |
| Second person plural | -ni |
| Infix position positive subject concord | |
| Positive past | -li- |
| Positive present | -na- |
| Positive future | -ta- |
| Negative subjunctive | -si-1 |
| Positive present conditional | -nge- |
| Negative present conditional | -singe- |
| Positive past conditional | -ngali- |
| Negative past conditional | -singali- |
| Gnomic | -a-1 |
| Perfect | -me- |
| "Already" past | -lisha- |
| "Already" present | -mesha-/-sha- |
| "If/When" | -ki-1 |
| "If not" | -sipo- |
| Consecutive | -ka-1 |
| Infix position negative subject concord | |
| Negative past | -ku-1 |
| Negative future | -ta- |
| "Not yet" | -ja-1 |
| Negative present conditional | -nge- |
| Negative past conditional | -ngali- |
| Relative | |
| Past | -li- |
| Present | -na- |
| Future | -taka- |
| Negative | -si- |
| 1 Can take stress and therefore does not require -ku-/-kw- in monosyllabic verbs. | |
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