user
English
Etymology
From Middle English usere, equivalent to use + -er. Cognate with Scots usar, uiser (“user”).
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈjuːzə/
- (General American) enPR: yo͞o′zər, IPA(key): /ˈjuzɚ/
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -uːzə(ɹ)
- Hyphenation: us‧er
Noun
user (plural users)
- One who uses or makes use of something, a consumer/client or an express or implied licensee (free user) or a trespasser.
- 2013 July 20, “Out of the gloom”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:
- [Rural solar plant] schemes are of little help to industry or other heavy users of electricity. Nor is solar power yet as cheap as the grid. For all that, the rapid arrival of electric light to Indian villages is long overdue. When the national grid suffers its next huge outage, as it did in July 2012 when hundreds of millions were left in the dark, look for specks of light in the villages.
- 2019, The Highway Code (United Kingdom) Road Users Requiring Extra Care
- The most vulnerable road users are pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and horse riders. It is particularly important to be aware of children, older and disabled people, and learner and inexperienced drivers and riders. https://www.gov.uk/guidance/the-highway-code/road-users-requiring-extra-care-204-to-225
- A person who uses drugs, especially illegal drugs.
- (computing) A person who uses a computer or a computing network, especially a person who has received a user account.
- (derogatory) An exploiter, an abuser (a person who "uses" people, that is treats and regards people unfairly, selfishly or unethically).
- (law, dated) In land law, meaning either 1. or 2. above or use. Usually in singular form to mean use wherever there is assiduous re-use of precedents and aloof textbooks verbatim.
- 2012, R. (Stephen Malpass) v Durham County Council, [2012] EWHC 1934 (Admin) http://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWHC/Admin/2012/1934.html
- As to evidence of user...
- As to quality of user (i.e. was use by the public "as of right"), the inspector found that the grass over the whole of the application land has been regularly cut...
- ...which the inspector did not find sufficient of itself to render user permissive. Moreover, the defendant could not, the inspector advised, rely on communication to users that access to the land was regulated. Deferment to users of the organised pitches...
- 2012, R. (Stephen Malpass) v Durham County Council, [2012] EWHC 1934 (Admin) http://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWHC/Admin/2012/1934.html
Usage notes
In modern law, the legal sense is widely disfavored in order to guard against ambiguity.
Synonyms
- (one that unfairly takes advantage of or exploits): parasite
Hypernyms
Derived terms
- 10-foot user interface
- character user interface
- end-user, end user
- end user license agreement
- graphical user interface
- healthy user bias
- magic user
- mail user agent
- multi-user, multiuser
- multi-user dungeon
- natural user interface
- power user
- re-user
- road user
- single-user
- super-user
- useR
- user agent
- user-centric, usercentric
- user charge
- user control
- user datagram protocol
- user-defined
- user-defined function
- user-defined graphic
- useress
- user experience
- user-friendliness
- user friendly
- user-friendly
- user-generated content
- user group
- user-hostile
- usermode
- user name
- user page
- user story
- user time
- user-unfriendly
- user-worked
- use the user
- wheelchair user
- zombie user
Related terms
- abuser
- misuser
- user guide
- user interface
- user manual
- user satisfaction
- user's guide
- user's manual
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Blagar
References
- Antoinette Schapper, The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 1 (2014), p. 158
Czech
Verb
user
- (vulgar) second-person singular imperative of usrat
French
Etymology
Inherited from Old French user, from Early Medieval Latin ūsāre, frequentative from Latin ūtī.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /y.ze/
Audio (file)
Verb
user
Conjugation
infinitive | simple | user | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | usant /y.zɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | usé /y.ze/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | use /yz/ |
uses /yz/ |
use /yz/ |
usons /y.zɔ̃/ |
usez /y.ze/ |
usent /yz/ |
imperfect | usais /y.zɛ/ |
usais /y.zɛ/ |
usait /y.zɛ/ |
usions /y.zjɔ̃/ |
usiez /y.zje/ |
usaient /y.zɛ/ | |
past historic2 | usai /y.ze/ |
usas /y.za/ |
usa /y.za/ |
usâmes /y.zam/ |
usâtes /y.zat/ |
usèrent /y.zɛʁ/ | |
future | userai /yz.ʁe/ |
useras /yz.ʁa/ |
usera /yz.ʁa/ |
userons /yz.ʁɔ̃/ |
userez /yz.ʁe/ |
useront /yz.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | userais /yz.ʁɛ/ |
userais /yz.ʁɛ/ |
userait /yz.ʁɛ/ |
userions /y.zə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
useriez /y.zə.ʁje/ |
useraient /yz.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | use /yz/ |
uses /yz/ |
use /yz/ |
usions /y.zjɔ̃/ |
usiez /y.zje/ |
usent /yz/ |
imperfect2 | usasse /y.zas/ |
usasses /y.zas/ |
usât /y.za/ |
usassions /y.za.sjɔ̃/ |
usassiez /y.za.sje/ |
usassent /y.zas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | use /yz/ |
— | usons /y.zɔ̃/ |
usez /y.ze/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
Descendants
- → Romanian: uza
References
- “user”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Gallo
Etymology
From Old French user, from Early Medieval Latin ūsāre, frequentative from Latin ūtī.
Old English
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *unseraz (“of us, our”), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥s-ero- (“our”). Cognate with Old Frisian ūse(r) (“our”), Old Saxon ūser (“our”), Old High German unsēr, unsār (“our”), Old Norse órr, várr (“our”), Gothic 𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌰𐍂 (unsar, “our”). Related to Old English ūs (“us”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈuː.ser/, [ˈuː.zer]
Old French
Etymology
From Early Medieval Latin ūsāre, frequentative from Latin ūtī.
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ss, *-st are modified to s, st. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | user | avoir usé | |||||
gerund | en usant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | usant | ||||||
past participle | usé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | us | uses | use | usons | usez | usent |
imperfect | usoie, useie, usoe, useve | usoies, useies, usoes, useves | usoit, useit, usot, useve | usiiens, usiens | usiiez, usiez | usoient, useient, usoent, usevent | |
preterite | usai | usas | usa | usames | usastes | userent | |
future | userai | useras | usera | userons | useroiz, usereiz, userez | useront | |
conditional | useroie, usereie | useroies, usereies | useroit, usereit | useriiens, useriens | useriiez, useriez | useroient, usereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | us | us | ust | usons | usez | usent |
imperfect | usasse | usasses | usast | usissons, usissiens | usissoiz, usissez, usissiez | usassent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | use | — | usons | usez | — |