pi
Translingual
English
← omicron |
→ rho | |
Wikipedia article on pi |
Etymology 1
From Ancient Greek πεῖ (peî), ultimately from Proto-Semitic *pay- (“mouth”). Doublet of pe. Its mathematical use apparently stems from its use as the first letter in περιφέρεια (periphéreia, “periphery; circumference”) and was first cited in 1706 in the Synopsis Palmariorum Matheseos by William Jones.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /paɪ/
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -aɪ
- Homophone: pie
Noun
pi (countable and uncountable, plural pis)
- The 16th letter of the Classical and Modern Greek alphabets and the seventeenth in Old Greek.
- (mathematics) An irrational and transcendental constant representing the ratio of the circumference of a Euclidean circle to its diameter; approximately 3.14159265358979323846264338327950; usually written π.
- (letterpress typography) Metal type that has been spilled, mixed together, or disordered.
- Alternative form: pie
Synonyms
- (irrational constant): Archimedes' constant, Ludolphian number, Ludolph's constant, Ludolph's number
Translations
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Verb
pi (third-person singular simple present pies, present participle piing, simple past and past participle pied)
- (letterpress typography) To spill or mix printing type.
- Alternative form: pie
Adjective
pi (not comparable)
- (typography) Not part of the usual font character set; especially, non-Roman type or symbols as opposed to standard alphanumeric Roman type.
- In computing, pi characters may be entered with special key combinations.
Etymology 2
Abbreviations.
Adjective
pi
- Pious.
- 1927, Magdalen King-Hall, I Think I Remember: Being the Random Recollections of Sir Wickham Woolicomb, an Ordinary English Snob and Gentleman:
- Our Major was "Cherub" Cheeseman, noted for his foul language. I am afraid he lost a tidy little legacy that he was expecting from his aunt, the Dowager Lady Shuttlecock (a very "pi" old lady), through this same habit of his.
- 1972, Anya Seton, Green Darkness, Hachette UK, →ISBN:
- “Those are very 'pi' sentiments. Was a preacher in Staffordshire— I was raised chapel, though've tried to forget it—he talked that way... redemption and the lot.”
- 1994, Roger Gard, Jane Austen's Novels: The Art of Clarity, Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 101:
- In Sense and Sensibility, as even you might agree, there's at least the danger of a rather pi moral framework clamping down on the spontaneous fun and leaving the sisters to survive - a bit drearily - on the periphery of a mean world.
Related terms
See also
- pi-jaw (etymologically unrelated)
Albanian
Etymology
From Old Albanian pii, from Proto-Albanian *pīja, from Proto-Indo-European *pih₃-, *peh₃- probably via the reduplicated form *píph₃eti; compare Greek πίνω (píno), Serbo-Croatian pìti, Italian bere. Orel compares the similarity between Proto-Albanian *pīja and Proto-Slavic *pijǫ;[1] Tomaschek compares Tosk pirë/Gheg pinë with Thracian πίνον (pínon, “beer”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [pi]
Verb
Usage notes
Conjugation
Show compound tenses:
participle | pirë | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | duke pirë | ||||||
infinitive | për të pirë | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st pers. | 2nd pers. | 3rd pers. | 1st pers. | 2nd pers. | 3rd pers. | ||
indicative | present | pi | pi | pi | pimë | pini | pinë |
imperfect | pija | pije | pinte | pinim | pinit | pinin | |
aorist | piva | pive | piu | pimë | pitë | pinë | |
perfect | kam pirë | ke pirë | ka pirë | kemi pirë | keni pirë | kanë pirë | |
past perfect | kisha pirë | kishe pirë | kishte pirë | kishim pirë | kishit pirë | kishin pirë | |
aorist II | pata pirë | pate pirë | pati pirë | patëm pirë | patët pirë | patën pirë | |
future1 | do të pi | do të pish | do të pijë | do të pimë | do të pini | do të pinë | |
future perfect2 | do të kem pirë | do të kesh pirë | do të ketë pirë | do të kemi pirë | do të keni pirë | do të kenë pirë | |
subjunctive | present | të pi | të pish | të pijë | të pimë | të pini | të pinë |
imperfect | të pija | të pije | të pinte | të pinim | të pinit | të pinin | |
perfect | të kem pirë | të kesh pirë | të ketë pirë | të kemi pirë | të keni pirë | të kenë pirë | |
past perfect | të kisha pirë | të kishe pirë | të kishte pirë | të kishim pirë | të kishit pirë | të kishin pirë | |
conditional1, 2 | imperfect | do të pija | do të pije | do të pinte | do të pinim | do të pinit | do të pinin |
past perfect | do të kisha pirë | do të kishe pirë | do të kishte pirë | do të kishim pirë | do të kishit pirë | do të kishin pirë | |
optative | present | pifsha | pifsh | piftë | pifshim | pifshit | pifshin |
perfect | paça pirë | paç pirë | pastë pirë | paçim pirë | paçit pirë | paçin pirë | |
admirative | present | pikkam | pikke | pikka | pikkemi | pikkeni | pikkan |
imperfect | pikkësha | pikkëshe | pikkësh (pikkej) | pikkëshim | pikkëshit | pikkëshin | |
perfect | paskam pirë | paske pirë | paska pirë | paskemi pirë | paskeni pirë | paskan pirë | |
past perfect | paskësha pirë | paskëshe pirë | paskësh pirë | paskëshim pirë | paskëshit pirë | paskëshin pirë | |
imperative | present | — | pi | — | — | pini | — |
1) indicative future identical with conditional present 2) indicative future perfect identical with conditional perfect |
Derived terms
References
- Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “pi”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, pages 324-325
Aromanian
Berawan
References
- Robert Blust, 2000, Low Vowel Fronting in Northern Sarawak, Oceanic Linguistics, 39:2, pp. 285-319, page 316
- Robert Blust, 2006, The Origin of the Kelabit Voiced Aspirates: A Historical Hypothesis Revisited, Oceanic Linguistics, 45:2, pages 311-338
Catalan
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old Catalan pin, from Latin pīnus, ultimately from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *poi- (“sap, juice”).
Derived terms
- pi blanc
- pi blau de l’Himàlaia
- pi bo
- pi bord
- pi campaner
- pi carrasser
- pi cembra
- pi cerrut
- pi de Canàries
- pi de fulla
- pi de llei
- pi de Monterrey
- pi de pinyes
- pi de pinyons
- pi escarrassó
- pi garriguenc
- pi insigne
- pi negre
- pi pinyer
- pi redó
- pi roig
- pi ver
- pi vermell
- pinassa
- pinastre
- pi d’Alaska
- pi d’Oregon
- pi de pisos
- pi de Xile
- pi melis
References
- “pi” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Chachi
References
- Peter W. Stahl, Archaeology in the Lowland American Tropics (2006, →ISBN, page 253
- Randall Q. Huber, Robert B. Reed, Comparative vocabulary, page 86, 1992
Classical Nahuatl
References
- J. Richard Andrews (2003) Workbook for Introduction to Classical Nahuatl, Revised Edition, University of Oklahoma Press
Danish
Proper noun
pi
- pi (number)
- pi (letter)
Dutch
Etymology
Borrowed from Ancient Greek πεῖ (peî). Doublet of pe, pee (“Hebrew letter”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pi/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: pi
- Rhymes: -i
Further reading
- pi on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia nl
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pi/
Conjunction
pi
- (Quebec, colloquial) Alternative spelling of pis (“and”)
- 1963, Jack Kerouac, Visions of Gerard, page 8:
- "Blanc d’or rouge noir pi toute"
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Further reading
- “pi”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Guambiano
References
- Beatriz Vásquez de Ruiz, La predicación en guambiano (Colciencias, 1988)
- Randall Q. Huber, Robert B. Reed, Comparative vocabulary, page 86, 1992
Inuktitut
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpi/
- Rhymes: -i
- Hyphenation: pì
See also
Etymology 2
From Ancient Greek πεῖ (peî, the name of the Greek letter Π).
Noun
pi m (invariable)
- the name of the Greek-script letter Π/π; pi
- (mathematics) Synonym of pi greco
Derived terms
Kari'na
Etymology
From Proto-Cariban *pitupô.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [pi]
References
- Courtz, Hendrik (2008) A Carib grammar and dictionary, Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, page 344
- Ahlbrinck, Willem (1931) “pipo”, in Encyclopaedie der Karaïben, Amsterdam: Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, page 376; republished as Willem Ahlbrinck, Doude van Herwijnen, transl., L'Encyclopédie des Caraïbes, Paris, 1956, page 367
Kedah Malay
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pi/
Verb
pi
- Go
- Satgi kalau depa nak pi keluaq dah, habaq kat aku awai sikit noh, satgi tak dan.
- If they are ready to go out, please inform me earlier, so that I won't be late.
- Hang ni oghang kata pa pun bukan nak dengaq, mampuih pi kat hang la.
- You never listen, just go to hell
- Do
- Hangpa pi bedak elok-elok bagi sama banyak buah moktan tu, satgi baghu tak berkelai.
- You should split the rambutans equally between yourselves, then you won't have to fight over it.
- Awat yang hang pi pukui dia, satgi dia bawak mai geng pi taboh hang pulak, lagu mana?
- Why did you hit him, don't you afraid he might summon his gang to beat you up?
See also
Luo
References
- Benny Garell Blount, Acquisition of Language by Luo Children (1969), page 57
- Roy Lawrence Stafford, An elementary Luo grammar, page 24, 1967
Mandarin
Romanization
pi
Usage notes
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Marshallese
References
Mokilese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpi/
Declension
singular possessor | first person | pioaioa | |
---|---|---|---|
second person | pioamwen | ||
third person | pia | ||
dual possessors | first person inclusive | piasa | |
first person exclusive | piama | ||
second person | piamwa | ||
third person | piara | ||
plural possessors | first person inclusive | piasai | |
first person exclusive | piamai | ||
second person | piamwai | ||
third person | piarai | ||
remote plural possessors | first person inclusive | piahs | |
first person exclusive | piemi | ||
second person | piemwi | ||
third person | piahr | ||
construct form | pien |
Norman
Etymology
From Old French pié, from Latin pēs, pedis, from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds.
Pali
Alternative forms
Etymology
Enclitic form of api.
Particle
pi
- an emphatic particle
Derived terms
References
- Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “pi”, in Pali-English Dictionary, London: Chipstead
Pirahã
References
- Handbook of Amazonian Languages, Volume 1, 1986
- Čestmír Loukotka, Johannes Wilbert (editor), Classification of South American Indian Languages (1968, Los Angeles: Latin American Studies Center, University of California), page(s) 96 (as pé, ipé)
- “Pirahã Dictionary/ Dicionário Mura-Pirahã”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), 2011 February 2 (last accessed), archived from the original on 2 February 2011
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pi/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -i
- Syllabification: pi
Etymology 1
Onomatopoeic.
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Ancient Greek πεῖ (peî), from Phoenician 𐤐 (p /pē/).
Further reading
- pi in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Quechua
Romagnol
Romanian
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pîː/
Shilluk
References
- B. Kohnen, Shilluk grammar : with a little English-Shilluk dictionary, Missioni Africane, Vérone, Italie, 317 pages, page 313, 1933
Slovene
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /píː/
Inflection
Masculine inan., soft o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | pí | ||
gen. sing. | píja | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
pí | píja | píji |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
píja | píjev | píjev |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
píju | píjema | píjem |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
pí | píja | píje |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
píju | píjih | píjih |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
píjem | píjema | píji |
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpi/ [ˈpi]
- Rhymes: -i
- Syllabification: pi
Further reading
- “pi”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swahili
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu [Term?].
Pronunciation
Audio (Kenya) (file)
Particle
pi
- Suffix used as an alternative to gani to more specifically say "which" of a known noun class.
- Anakaa nyumba ipi? ― Which house does he live in?
Inflection
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pi/, [pɪ]
- Rhymes: -i
- Hyphenation: pi
See also
Further reading
- “pi”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Tocharian B
Particle
pi
- really, indeed (used to emphasize questions and commands)
Totoro
References
- Randall Q. Huber, Robert B. Reed, Comparative vocabulary, page 86, 1992
Tsafiki
References
- Randall Q. Huber, Robert B. Reed, Comparative vocabulary, page 86, 1992
Veps
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *pii, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *piŋe.
Inflection
Inflection of pi (inflection type 13/ma) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative sing. | pi | ||
genitive sing. | pin | ||
partitive sing. | pid | ||
partitive plur. | pid | ||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | pi | pid | |
accusative | pin | pid | |
genitive | pin | piden | |
partitive | pid | pid | |
essive-instructive | pin | pin | |
translative | pikš | pikš | |
inessive | piš | piš | |
elative | pišpäi | pišpäi | |
illative | pihe | pihe | |
adessive | pil | pil | |
ablative | pilpäi | pilpäi | |
allative | pile | pile | |
abessive | pita | pita | |
comitative | pinke | pidenke | |
prolative | pidme | pidme | |
approximative I | pinno | pidenno | |
approximative II | pinnoks | pidennoks | |
egressive | pinnopäi | pidennopäi | |
terminative I | pihesai | pihesai | |
terminative II | pilesai | pilesai | |
terminative III | pissai | — | |
additive I | pihepäi | pihepäi | |
additive II | pilepäi | pilepäi |
References
- Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “зуб”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika
Welsh
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /piː/
- Rhymes: -iː
Mutation
This word cannot be mutated.
West Makian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pi/
Verb
pi
Yoruba
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /k͡pí/
Zou
Etymology 1
From Proto-Kuki-Chin *puj (augmentative marker).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pi˧/
Etymology 2
From Northern Proto-Kuki-Chin *bii.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pi˧/
References
- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, pages 40, 45