po

See also: Appendix:Variations of "po"

English

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pəʊ/
  • (file)
  • Rhymes: -əʊ

Etymology 1

From Middle English po (found also in pocock), from Old English pāwa, pēa (peacock), from Proto-Germanic *pāwô (peacock), from Latin pāvō. Cognate with Dutch pauw, German Pfau. See also peacock.

Noun

po (plural pos)

  1. (obsolete) A peacock. [8th–19th c.]

Etymology 2

A diminutive of pot.

Noun

po (plural pos)

  1. (UK, Australia, New Zealand, colloquial, dated) A chamberpot. [from 19th c.]
    • 1988, Richard Hoggart, A Local Habitation, 1918-40, Chatto & Windus, →ISBN, page 67:
      Pos’ or ‘chamber pots’ were provided under the beds.
    • 1989, Leonard Woolf, edited by Frederic Spotts, Letters of Leonard Woolf, page 86:
      There are always several spitoons & pos [chamber pots] about the room & a loathesome smell of consumption, which I expect I shall catch.
    • 2016, Alan Moore, Jerusalem, Liveright, published 2016, page 44:
      Shaking the last few drops from off the end he looked down in surprise at the great head of steam that brimmed above the po, belatedly apprised of just how icy the October garret was.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Yoruba: póò

Etymology 3

Clipping of police.

Noun

po pl (plural only)

  1. (slang) The police.
    • 2008, Megan T. White, Rounding the Finish Line, Baltimore, M.D.: PublishAmerica, →ISBN, page 209:
      "Basically it's a celebration of all the gearheads in the area," Rob told him. "Sometimes we get busted by the po, but we always find a new place to show off our rides. Enjoy this lot while we have it."
    • 2009, Debra Webb, Secrets in Four Corners, Toronto, Ont. []: Harlequin, →ISBN, page 155:
      "'Bout time the po' got here," someone said loud enough for Bree to hear.
    • 2018, U-God [Lamont Hawkins], Raw: My Journey Into the Wu-Tang, New York, N.Y.: Picador, →ISBN, page 89:
      Now, one of the rules I had—this is another reason why certain police probably respected us dudes—when it was hot, when I saw certain po, we would shut it down. We left. I would just leave. I would give them they space and let them go.
Alternative forms

See also

etymologically unrelated terms containing "po"

Anagrams

Akan

Pronunciation

Verb

po

  1. to bully
    po mo - to bully you

References

  1. Kotey, Paul A. (1998). Twi-English/English-Twi Dictionary. New York: Hippocrene Books. →ISBN

Albanian

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *apā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁é (then, at that time). Compare German ob (if, whether), Dutch of (or, whether, but), English if. According to Brian D. Joseph, it is a difficult word with unclear root. Hamp claims origin from Proto-Indo-European *pest (so)[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pɔ/
  • (file)

Particle

po

  1. yes
  2. Used with the present and imperfect tense of a verb to show a continuous action.
    It corresponds to the English "be + gerund" formation.

References

  1. Joseph, B. D. the puzzle of albanian po. 2011

Amondawa

Verb

po

  1. do (make, work, perform)

References

  • V. da Silva Sinha et al, Event-based time intervals in an Amazonian culture, in Space and Time in Languages and Cultures: Language, Culture, and Cognition

Asaro'o

Alternative forms

  • fo (Molet Kasu, Molet Mur)

Noun

po

  1. water

Further reading

Balkan Romani

Etymology

Borrowed from Macedonian по- (po-) or dialectal Serbo-Croatian.[1]

Particle

po

  1. -er, more; forms comparative adjectives and adverbs.[1][2][3][4][5]
  2. follows the definite article to form the superlative[4][5]

References

  1. Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “po(-)²”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 219ab
  2. Ronald Lee (2005) “Lesson eighteen”, in Learn Romani: Das-dúma Rromanes, reprint edition, Hatfield: University of Hertfordshire Press, published 2017, →ISBN, page 269
  3. Marcel Courthiade (2009) “po¹”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 279a
  4. Anna-Maria Meyer (2020) “The Impact of Slavic Languages on Romani”, in Yaron Matras, Anton Tenser, editors, The Palgrave Handbook of Romani Language and Linguistics, Palgrave Macmillan, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 277-278
  5. Yūsuke Sumi (2018) ニューエクスプレスプラス ロマ(ジプシー)語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 96-97

Bikol Central

Etymology

Borrowed from Tagalog po.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈpoʔ/, [ˈpoʔ]

Particle

(Basahan spelling ᜉᜓ)

  1. (formal, polite) marks respect toward the person the speaker is addressing
    Synonym: tabi
    Dagos po kamo.
    Come on in, Sir/Ma'am.
    Ma, maduman po ako sa simbahan.
    Mom, I am going to church.

Borôro

Noun

po

  1. Synonym of pobo (water)

References

Chickasaw

Pronoun

po

  1. our

Chinese

Etymology

Borrowed from English post.

Pronunciation


Verb

po

  1. (Internet slang) to post

Noun

po

  1. (Internet slang) an Internet post, thread, topic, etc

Derived terms

  • po主 (pōuzhǔ)
  • po文
  • 自po (Cantonese)
  • 追po (Cantonese)
  • 開po开po (Cantonese)

Cornish

Etymology 1

According to an Gerlyver Meur, either an unstressed form of py (“which”) or provected form of the present-future subjunctive of bos (“to be”).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pɔ/

Conjunction

po

  1. or

Etymology 2

Contraction of pa (“when”) and the present-future subjunctive of bos (“to be”).

Pronunciation

  • (RLC) IPA(key): /poː/

Contraction

po

  1. (Revived Late Cornish) Contraction of pa vo (when ... is).
    po'chy ha dha wreg pries
    when you and your wife are married
    po margh ledrys
    when a horse is stolen

Czech

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈpo]
  • (file)

Noun

po n

  1. Abbreviation of pondělí (Monday).
Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Etymology 2

From Old Czech po, from Proto-Slavic *po, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó.

Preposition

po [+locative]

  1. after

Preposition

po [+accusative]

  1. (space, time, scales, lists) up to, for
  2. (dimension) all through

Further reading

  • po in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • po in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • po in Internetová jazyková příručka

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowing from French pot.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /poː/
  • Rhymes: -oː
  • (file)

Noun

po m (plural po's, diminutive pootje n)

  1. chamber pot

Descendants

  • Papiamentu:

Anagrams

Esperanto

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [po]
  • Audio:
    (file)
  • Hyphenation: po

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Russian по (po) and Polish po.

Preposition

po

  1. A grammatical particle used with quantity words to indicate rate or a distributive quantity: each, apiece, at, @
    Antonym: -ope
    Mi kudrados ĉiutage po 10 horoj. I will sew 10 hours a day.
    Oni povas nokti po 6 frankoj. You can spend the night for 6 francs (a night).
    La kurso daŭras dum 10 tagoj po 30 minutoj. The course lasts 10 days at 30 minutes (a day).
    La komitato estas rebalotota ĉiun trian jaron po triono. A third of the committee is reelected every third year.
    La gastoj trinkis po (unu) glaseton da vino. The guests each drank one glass of wine.
    Ili ricevis po 5 pomojn. They received 5 apples apiece.
    Elektu al vi po 3 homojn el ĉiu tribo. Choose for yourselves 3 people (apiece) from each tribe.
Derived terms

Noun

po (accusative singular po-on, plural po-oj, accusative plural po-ojn)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.
See also

Galician

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese poo, from Vulgar Latin *pulus, from earlier *pulvus n, from Latin pulvis m, from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (flour, dust). Compare Portuguese . Doublet of polvo, which was borrowed from Spanish polvo.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈpɔː]

Noun

po m (plural pos)

  1. dust
    • 1276, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Dominguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 375:
      et este pan deue a seer qual o Deus der no logar et seer linpo de palla et de poo, d'eruellada et de mosceyra, et deue a seer ben seco et ben linpo et bõõ pan
      and this grain must be that that God gives at that place, and it must be clean of chaff and dust, of vetch and fodder, and it must be well dry and well clean and good grain
  2. powder
    • 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Rufus, Jordanus: Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 141:
      E Nota que o poo dos collos das abroteas ual mays que todos llos outros, et dos ditos poos deuen vsar nos llugarres neruossos et jntrincados de veas et darterias
      Take note that the powder of the rhizomes of the asphodels has more value than all the rest, and that these powders should be used in places that are nervous and entangled with veins and arteries

Derived terms

References

  • poo” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • poo” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
  • po” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • po” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • po” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Guaraní

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *po, from Proto-Tupian *po.[1]

Cognate with Old Tupi .

Noun

po (plural pokuéra)

  1. hand

Numeral

po

  1. five

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *por, from Proto-Tupian *pot.[2]

Cognate with Old Tupi por.

Verb

po

  1. jump
Conjugation

References

  1. Andrey Nikulin (2020) Proto-Macro-Jê: um estudo reconstrutivo (in Portuguese), Brasília: UnB, pages 566–567
  2. Beatriz Carretta Corrêa da Silva (2010) Mawé/Awetí/Tupí-Guaraní: relações linguísticas e implicações históricas (in Portuguese), Brasília: UnB

Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology 1

From Portuguese pau. Cognate with Kabuverdianu .

Noun

po

  1. tree
  2. stick

Etymology 2

From Portuguese . Cognate with Kabuverdianu puera.

Noun

po

  1. dust

Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French peau (skin).

Pronunciation

Noun

po

  1. (anatomy) skin

Hausa

Etymology

Probably from French pot.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pôː/
    • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA(key): [pôː]

Noun

 m (possessed form pôn)

  1. children's toilet

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from Esperanto po, Russian по (po).

Pronunciation

Preposition

po

  1. for, at the price of, in exchange for; per
    Me kompris la domo po quaradek mil euri. I bought the house for forty thousand euros.

Imonda

Noun

po

  1. water

Further reading

  • Walter Seiler, The Main Structures of Imonda (1984)
  • Walter Seiler, Imonda: Papuan Language, page 188: "Another excellent example that illustrates the relational character of -l, is provided by po water. When po is used to refer to general water, rain or creeks it has no -l. When it refers to wound water or coconut water it does end in -l."

Japanese

Romanization

po

  1. Rōmaji transcription of
  2. Rōmaji transcription of

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pa (after, by); compare Latvian pa, pa-, Old Prussian po (after, by, under), Proto-Slavic *po (after, by, at). From Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó, *h₂epó (away, from). Cognates include Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀢 (a-pu, from), Sanskrit अप (ápa, away, off), Old Persian 𐎠𐎱 (a-p /apa/, away), Latin ab (from), Gothic 𐌰𐍆 (af, of). See pa-, pó- for more.

Preposition

  1. under, beneath (movement, position) [+instrumental]
  2. (with instrumental or genitive case) beside, near, along (movement, position)
  3. (with instrumental or dative case) expresses the direction of movement
    eik dešinei go to the right
  4. after, following a certain time period, event; after the disappearance or loss of [+genitive]
  5. expresses gradual progression; one after another [+genitive]
    mẽtai mẽtų year after year
  6. until, up to a certain time [+dative]
    Teñ jiẽ gyvẽna ir̃ šiái diẽnai they live there until this day
  7. around, throughout the whole of [+accusative]
    keliáuti Europą travel around Europe
  8. used to express division into equal parts [+accusative]
    vaikaĩ gãvo gãbalą sū́rio the kids got a piece of cheese each
    truputį little by little
  9. (with genitive, instrumental or dative case) expresses the manner of an action

Lower Sorbian

Preposition

po

  1. Superseded spelling of .

Mandarin

Romanization

po (po5po0, Zhuyin ˙ㄆㄛ)

  1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of

po

  1. Nonstandard spelling of .
  2. Nonstandard spelling of .
  3. Nonstandard spelling of .
  4. Nonstandard spelling of .

Usage notes

  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Masurian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish po.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈpɔ]
  • Syllabification: po

Preposition

po

  1. denotes a manner with an adjective [+dative]
  2. denotes a surface or area along which something moves; along [+locative]
  3. debites the purpose of ritually visiting many people or undertaking some frequently repeated actions or efforts generally related to acquiring, obtaining something or participating in something [+locative]
  4. denotes people or places that someone visits, areas or environments in which something takes place, something occurs or areas that someone travels or places involved in a specific activity [+locative]
  5. after (later in time or sequence) [+locative]
  6. denotes number of objects used, number of people taking part, duration, amount, amount of times, or price
  7. denotes a side on which something is; on [+locative]
  8. denotes a container that was used for something [+locative]
  9. denotes a temporal or spatial limit; along [+accusative]
  10. denotes a source from which someone received something, i.e. inheritence; from [+locative]
  11. denotes basis for someone's actions based on, according to [+locative]
  12. with a cardinal number; of all [+accusative]
  13. denotes the source of an effect; after; from [+locative]
  14. denotes period at which something occurs; at, during [+locative]
  15. denotes dominating conditions [+locative]
  16. denotes basis of analysis; based on [+locative]
  17. denotes source of emotions; from [+locative]
  18. done for [+locative]

Further reading

  • Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2024) “po”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur, volume 6, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 119

Middle English

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Old English pāwa, pēa, from Proto-Germanic *pāwô, from Latin pāvō. Influenced by the first element of Old Norse páfugl.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈpɔː/, /ˈpau̯(ə)/, /ˈpɛː/
  • (Northern) IPA(key): /ˈpaː/

Noun

po (plural poos)

  1. peacock

Derived terms

Descendants

  • English: pea, po (archaic)

References

Mokilese

Noun

po

  1. shelf

Nupe

Etymology

Cognate to Gbiri-Niragu pobo.

Verb

po

  1. to burn, to roast

References

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *po.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈpo/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈpo/

Preposition

po

  1. for (for the purpose of) [+accusative] or [+locative]
  2. until; after [+accusative]
  3. for the entire, all [+accusative]
  4. during, in the period of [+accusative], [+genitive], or [+locative]
  5. for the Xth time [+accusative]
  6. per, a piece [+accusative] or [+locative]
  7. after; because of [+dative] or [+locative]
  8. up to; towards [+dative]
  9. to behind [+dative]
  10. according to [+dative] or [+locative]
  11. in the manner of [+dative]
  12. for (to what end) [+dative] (of a success or failure)
  13. Creates adverbs in conjunction with an adjective. [+dative]
  14. Denotes repeated action. [+dative]
  15. on top of; on [+locative]
  16. Denotes general area as scene of action; around, about; along [+locative]
  17. with, by way of [+locative]
  18. behind [+locative]
  19. after [+locative]
  20. carried out by [+locative]
  21. in the absence of [+locative]
  22. through, by means of [+locative]
  23. as to, with regard to [+locative]
  24. Denotes maximum amount; up to [+locative]
  25. Denotes price of something. [+locative]
  26. more than [+locative]
  27. for, for the benefit of [+locative]

Descendants

References

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *po. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /pɔ/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /pɔ/

Preposition

po

  1. denotes sequence in time; after [+locative]
    Synonym: pod
  2. denotes general location; at, in, on [+locative] or [+dative]
  3. (more specifically) along [+locative]
  4. denotes previous related person; after [+locative]
  5. denotes next in a sequence of people; after [+locative]
  6. denotes cause; after; because of [+locative]
  7. according to, in accordance with [+locative]
  8. denotes an instrument to an acction; with, by means of [+locative]
  9. according to, based on [+locative]
  10. denotes manner of the object; like, as [+locative]
  11. denotes distribution; per [+locative] or [+dative]
  12. used in grammatical government. [+locative]
  13. it indicates a spatial limit; up to [+accusative]
  14. denotes a time when something takes place; during [+accusative] or [+dative]
  15. denotes the aim or purpose of an action; for [+accusative]
  16. creates an adverb from the next noun. [+accusative]
  17. with an ordinal number; denotes which time in a sequence; for the _ time [+accusative]
    Synonym: za
  18. denotes the source or agent of an action. [+dative]
  19. denotes the distribution of the counted items. [+dative] or [+accusative] or [+locative]

Derived terms

prefix

Descendants

  • Masurian: po
  • Polish: po
  • Silesian: po

References

Paraguayan Guaraní

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Shortened form of japo.

Noun

po

  1. hand

Etymology 2

From po (five fingers).

Numeral

po

  1. five

Etymology 3

Onomatopoeic

Verb

po

  1. to jump

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish po.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pɔ/
  • (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈpɔ/
  • (file)
  • (file)
  • (file)
  • Rhymes:
  • Syllabification: po

Preposition

po

  1. after (later in time or sequence) [+locative]
    W piątki po pracy często chodzimy do pubu. On Fridays after work we often go to the pub.
    Cały dzień czyta książkę po książce o polityce. All day long he reads book after book about politics.
  2. after (in pursuit of) [+accusative]
    Jadą po nas! Zmykajcie! They're coming after us! Scram!
  3. around, about [+locative]
    Mój brat spędził miesiąc podróżując po Polsce. My brother spent a month travelling around Poland.
  4. past [+locative]
    Wykłady zaczynają się o kwadrans po ósmej. Lectures begin at quarter past eight.
  5. on [+locative]
    Kobiety siedzą po prawej stronie, a mężczyźni po lewej. Women sit on the right hand, and men on the left.
  6. for indicates that a container was previously used for something [+locative]
    Co zrobić ze słoikiem po dżemie? What can I do with an empty jam jar?
  7. from [+locative]
    Tę całą biżuterię odziedziczyłam po matce. I inherited all this jewellery from my mother.
    Od razu rozpoznałem go po grzmiącym głosie. I instantly recognised him from the booming voice.
  8. after (in allusion to), for [+locative]
    Nazwaliśmy naszego syna po zmarłym wujku. We named our son after his late uncle.
  9. done for (doomed) [+locative]
    Jest już po tobie, brachu. You're done for, bro.
  10. for (in order to obtain) [+accusative]
    Musimy pójść do sklepu po mleko. We have to go to the shop for milk.
  11. up to, as far as [+accusative]
    Woda w piwnicy była po kolana. The water in the cellar was up to our knees.
  12. in, for, at denotes a quantity of something [+accusative]
    Mam trzy zgrzewki po sześć puszek, czyli osiemnaście puszek. I have three multipacks of six cans, i.e. eighteen cans.
    Kupiłem te bilety po 20 złotych, a oferuję je po 10. I bought these tickets for 20 złoty each, but I'm offering them for 10.
  13. according to, in the way of, a la, as [+dative]
    Jego ulubioną potrawą jest karkówka po cygańsku. His favourite dish is gypsy pork.
    Lubię ją, ale tylko po przyjacielsku. I like her, but only as a friend.
  14. in (the language of) [+dative]
    Świetnie mówisz po polsku jak na cudzoziemca. You speak great Polish for a foreigner.
    Nie umiem pisać po chińsku. I don't know how to write in Chinese.

Usage notes

  • Dative adjectives that end in -ski for the lemma take the archaic suffix -sku instead of the usual -skiemu when used with this preposition.

Derived terms

Conjunction

po

  1. like
  2. when

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), po is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 282 times in scientific texts, 293 times in news, 195 times in essays, 552 times in fiction, and 406 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 1728 times, making it the 24th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References

  1. Ida Kurcz (1990) “po”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 377

Further reading

  • po in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • po in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “po”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “po”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “po”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1908), “po”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 4, Warsaw, page 274

Rapa Nui

Noun

po

  1. night

Samoan

Noun

po

  1. night

Sardinian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin pro.

Preposition

po

  1. (Campidanese) for

Senggi

Noun

po

  1. water

References

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From pol, from Proto-Slavic *polъ. See po-.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pôː/

Adverb

(Cyrillic spelling по̑)

  1. (Bosnia, Serbia) half
    sat i po hour and a half
    četiri i po four thirty
    čov(j)ek i po an excellent man

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *po, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)po.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pô/

Preposition

(Cyrillic spelling по̏)

  1. for [+accusative]
    otići po ml(ij)eko to go and get the milk
    po c(ij)eli dan all day long
    po šesti put for the sixth time
    biti štetan po nekoga/nešto to be harmful for sb/sth
    dobro/loše po njega good/bad for him
  2. over, through, across, in, on [+locative]
    udariti po glavi to hit on the head
    sn(ij)eg je pao po cesti snow fell on the road
    voda se prolila po podu water spilled over the floor
    šetati po šumi to walk in the woods
  3. by, with, through (using an intermediary or medium) [+locative]
    Poslao sam mu paket po zajedničkom prijatelju. I've sent him a package via a mutual friend.
    po zraku/vodi by air/water
  4. by, according to [+locative]
    sve ide po planu everything is going according to the plan
    Amerika je prva država po bogatstvu u sv(ij)etu. America is the richest country in the world.
    po glavi stanovnika per capita
    živ(j)eti po principima to live according to principles
    po mom(e) mišljenju in my opinion
    po mom računu by my reckoning
    po meni in my opinion; as far as I'm concerned
    svirati po sluhu to play by ear
    suditi po vanjštini to judge by appearance
  5. after [+locative]
    po svršetku sukoba after (the end of) the conflict
  6. during [+locative]
    po kiši/suncu in the rain/sun
    po danu during the day
  7. in miscellaneous senses in various phrasal constructs [+locative]
    razum(ij)e se (samo) po sebi it goes without saying
    neka bude po tvome let it be your way
    jednak po veličini equal in size
    sve je po starom everything is/goes in the accustomed/usual manner
    po običaju as usual, according to custom
    po vr(ij)ednosti in value
    po svoj prilici in all likelihood
    po rodu by birth
    po naravi/prirodi in nature
    po toj c(ij)eni at this price
    po paragrafu 13 under section 13
    po što po to by all means
    po mogućnosti if possible
    po redu in order, one after another
    po mom ukusu (according) to my taste
    po kvaliteti by quality
    po tome according to this/that, accordingly, consequently, then
    po zakonu according to the law, by the law
    po duljini lengthwise

Particle

po (Cyrillic spelling по)

  1. (+ accusative case or nominative case) denoting distribution and succession; by, per, each, apiece
    Popili smo svi po čašicu rakije. We all drank a glass of rakija each.
    korak po korak step by step
    jedan po jedan one by one
    triput po satu three times per hour
    Svi smo dobili po jabuku. Each of us received an apple.

References

  • po” in Hrvatski jezični portal
  • po” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Silesian

Alternative forms

  • (before nasals)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish po.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈpɔ/
  • Rhymes:
  • Syllabification: po

Preposition

po

  1. denotes general location about, around; along [+locative]
    Synonym: na
    Antonyms: nad, pod
  2. after [+locative]
    Antonym: przed
  3. denotes point in space on [+locative]
    Synonym: z
  4. dith certain verbs of speaking; denotes recipient of a message. [+locative]
    Synonym: na
  5. denotes maximum amount; up to [+accusative] or [+locative]
    Synonym: z
  6. dreates an adverb from an adjective. [+dative] (archaic dative ending in -u)
  7. denotes aim of an action; for [+locative]
  8. for indicates that a container was previously used for something [+locative]
  9. denotes characteristic by which one might recognize something; from [+locative]
  10. denotes absence of something or something; after [+accusative]
  11. denotes possessor. [+locative]
prefix

Further reading

  • po in silling.org

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *po.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pɔ/

Preposition

po

  1. around, about [+locative]
  2. along, through (the length of) [+locative]
  3. according to
  4. in the manner of [+accusative]
  5. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Spanish

Etymology

From pues.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈpo/ [ˈpo]
  • Rhymes: -o
  • Syllabification: po

Interjection

po

  1. (colloquial, Chile) emphatic
    Synonym: pues
    ¡Si po! Yes, of course!
    ¡Ya, po! Come on!

Usage notes

  • Always used at the end of a sentence.

Swahili

Pronunciation

  • (file)

Verb

-po

  1. present stem of -wapo (to be (at a definite place))
    tupowe are (there)

See also

  • -po: verbal affix
  • -wako (“to be (at an indefinite place)”)
  • -wamo (“to be inside (of a definite place)”)

Tagalog

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puəq. Compare Malay empu, Indonesian empu, Old Javanese mpu. Also possibly from clipping of poon (lord).

Pronunciation

Particle

(Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓ)

  1. marks respect toward the person the speaker is addressing
    Synonym: (familiar) ho
    Tuloy po kayo.Come on in, Sir/Ma'am.
    Pupunta po ako sa simbahan, Inay.I am going to church, Mother.

Usage notes

  • In standard Tagalog, the word po is more formal and polite than ho. In other dialects, this is not observed and has no difference.

Derived terms

  • ipamopo
  • mamopo
  • mapagpo
  • mapamopo
  • mapopoin
  • pamopoan
  • pamopoin
  • papamopoin
  • papopo
  • pinopopo
  • pinopopoan
  • popo
  • popoin
  • pupuin
  • walang-pupo

See also

Further reading

Tapachultec

Etymology

Lehmann considers the possibility of a connection to Zoque words for "white" (poopo).

Noun

po

  1. moon

Usage notes

  • This is the form Lehmann says is given in the Sapper-Ricke wordlists; the form given in Johnston's vocabulary is poot.

References

  • Walter Lehmann, Über die Stellung und Verwandtschaft der Subtiaba-Sprache der pazifischen Küste Nicaraguas und über die Sprache von Tapachula in Südchiapas (1915), Zeitschrift für Ethnologie 47, presenting the wordlists of Karl Sapper, Ricke, and Amado Johnston.

Tewa

Noun

póː (high tone)

  1. moon

Noun

pòː (low tone)

  1. water

Noun

pǒː (gliding tone)

  1. trail, road

References

  • Marianne Mithun, The Languages of Native North America
  • John Peabody Harrington, The Ethnogeography of the Tewa Indians
  • My Life in San Juan Pueblo: Stories of Esther Martinez (uses the spelling pˀoe, and mentions a fourth meaning, "pumpkin, squash")

Tocharian B

Etymology

From Proto-Tocharian [Term?] (whence also Tocharian A puk). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adjective

po

  1. entire, whole

Determiner

po

  1. each, every, all

Inflection

Derived terms

Umotína

Noun

po

  1. water

References

Volapük

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin post (behind).

Preposition

po

  1. behind
    Antonym: fo

See also

Waris

Noun

po

  1. water

References

Western Yugur

Etymology

Relate to Shor по, Khakas пу (pu) Tofa бо, Tuvan бо (bo), Karaim бу , Krymchak бу, Southern Altai бу (bu), Kyrgyz бул (bul), etc.

Pronoun

po

  1. this

White Hmong

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pɒ˧/

Noun

po

  1. spleen

References

  • John Duffy, Writing from These Roots: Literacy in a Hmong-American Community →ISBN, 2007)

Yoruba

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /k͡pò/

Verb

  1. (transitive) to mix, to stir
    ó pọ̀ síbẹ̀. Don't mix it together yet.
  2. (transitive) to beat, to whisk
    Bá mi po ẹyin. Help me beat the eggs.
  3. (transitive) to knead
  4. (transitive) to make warm drinks, baby food, or medicine.
    A gbọ́dọ̀ lo omi gbígbóná nígbà tí a bá fẹ́ po tíì. We must use hot water when we want to make tea.
Usage notes
  • po when followed by a direct object.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /k͡pó/

Verb

  1. to be too small
    awó dára lẹ́yẹ, ṣùgbọ́n orí o The guinea fowl is a beautiful bird, but it has a very small head
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