अहम्
See also: अहम
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- অহম্ (Assamese script)
- ᬅᬳᬫ᭄ (Balinese script)
- অহম্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰀𑰮𑰦𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀅𑀳𑀫𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- အဟမ် (Burmese script)
- અહમ્ (Gujarati script)
- ਅਹਮ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌅𑌹𑌮𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦄꦲꦩ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂃𑂯𑂧𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಅಹಮ್ (Kannada script)
- អហម៑ (Khmer script)
- ອຫມ຺ (Lao script)
- അഹമ് (Malayalam script)
- ᠠᡥᠠᠮ (Manchu script)
- 𑘀𑘮𑘦𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠠᠾᠠᠮ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦠𑧎𑧆𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐀𑐴𑐩𑑂 (Newa script)
- ଅହମ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢂꢲꢪ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆃𑆲𑆩𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖀𑖮𑖦𑖿 (Siddham script)
- අහම් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑪂𑩴 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚀𑚩𑚢𑚶 (Takri script)
- அஹம் (Tamil script)
- అహమ్ (Telugu script)
- อหมฺ (Thai script)
- ཨ་ཧ་མ྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒁𑒯𑒧𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨀𑨱𑨢𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *aźʰám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *aȷ́ʰám, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂óm. Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬇𐬨 (azə̄m), Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ), Latin ego, Old English ic (whence English I).
Declension
| Declension of अहम् | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | अहम् (aham) | ||
| Gen. sg. | मम (mama) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | अहम् (aham) | आवाम् (āvām) | वयम् (vayam) |
| Vocative | — | — | — |
| Accusative | माम् (mām) | आवाम् (āvām) | अस्मान् (asmān) |
| Instrumental | मया (mayā) | आवाभ्याम् (āvābhyām) | अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) |
| Dative | मह्यम् (mahyam) | आवाभ्याम् (āvābhyām) | अस्मभ्यम् (asmabhyam) |
| Ablative | मत् (mat) | आवाभ्याम् (āvābhyām) | अस्मत् (asmat) |
| Genitive | मम (mama) | आवयोः (āvayoḥ) | अस्माकम् (asmākam) |
| Locative | मयि (mayi) | आवयोः (āvayoḥ) | अस्मासु (asmāsu) |
Enclitic Variants
| Declension of अहम् | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | — | ||
| Gen. sg. | मे (me) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | — | — | — |
| Vocative | — | — | — |
| Accusative | मा (mā) | नौ (nau) | नः (naḥ) |
| Instrumental | — | — | — |
| Dative | मे (me) | नौ (nau) | नः (naḥ) |
| Ablative | — | — | — |
| Genitive | मे (me) | नौ (nau) | नः (naḥ) |
| Locative | — | — | — |
Descendants
- Dardic:
- Middle Indo-Aryan: *𑀅𑀳𑀁 (*ahaṃ)[1]
- → Tamil: அஹம் (aham)
- → Telugu: అహము (ahamu), అహం (ahaṁ)
References
- Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass.
- Monier Williams (1899) “अहम्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 124/2.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 155
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