s
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Translingual
Alternative forms
- ſ (archaic)
Pronunciation
IPA (file)
Symbol
s
Gallery
- Uppercase and lowercase versions of S, in normal and italic type
See also
- (Latin script): Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Sſs Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
- (Variations of letter S): Śś Ṥṥ Ŝŝ Šš Ṧṧ Ṡṡẛ Şş Ṣṣ Ṩṩ Șș S̩s̩ ᵴ ᶊ ʂ ȿ ꜱ Ss ſ ẞß stſt
- ß
- Ʃ (esh)
- Ѕ (dze)
- $
Character=SPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
Other representations of S:
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English
Pronunciation
- (name of letter) IPA(key): /ɛs/
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -ɛs
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/, /z/, /ʒ/
Letter
Derived terms
Number
s (lower case, upper case S)
- The ordinal number nineteenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called ess and written in the Latin script.
Etymology 2
Abbreviations. s
- (stenoscript) the sound /s/ in a word.
- (an orthographic ⟨s⟩ pronounced /z/ is transcribed z)
- (stenoscript) Abbreviation of us.
- (stenoscript) Abbreviation of saw.
- (stenoscript) the prefix or initial syllable sub-
- (some manuals advise capital S for the prefix sub-)
Noun
s
- (metrology) Abbreviation of scruple. (unit of mass in the apothecaries' system)
- (physics) Abbreviation of strange quark.
- Alternative form of s.
Derived terms
Afar
Alemannic German
Etymology
From Middle High German daz, from Old High German daz, from Proto-Germanic *þat, from Proto-Indo-European *tód, nominative and accusative singular neuter of *só. Cognate with German das, Dutch dat, English that, Icelandic það.
Article
s n
- (definite) the
- 1978, Rolf Lyssey and Christa Maerker, Die Schweizermacher (transcript):
- Wüssed Si, Herr Bodmer, das isches, was ich so bewundere an de Schwitzer: Ire Humor. I jedere Situazion s’richtige Wort.
- You know, Mr Bodmer, that's what I admire about the Swiss – their humour. The right word for every situation.
- 2010, Pedro Lenz, Der Goalie bin ig:
- D Wohnig isch d Wohnig und ds Business isch ds Business.
- Accommodation is accommodation, and business is business.
- 1978, Rolf Lyssey and Christa Maerker, Die Schweizermacher (transcript):
Declension
Alemannic German definite articles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |
Nominative/Accusative | de dr (Bern) |
d | s ds (Bern) |
d |
Dative | em | der | em | de |
- Masculine nominative/accusative singular de has the form der before a vowel, e.g. der alt Maa ‘the old man’
- Dative plural de has the form den before a vowel, e.g. den alte Fraue ‘(to) the old women’
- Feminine singular d and plural d have the variant di before an adjective, e.g. di jung Mueter ‘the young mother’
Czech
Alternative forms
Etymology
Inherited from Old Czech s, se, from Proto-Slavic *sъ(n).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/
audio (file)
Preposition
s
Usage notes
Dutch
Pronunciation
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɛs
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ɛs/
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
Egyptian
Pronunciation
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /sɛ/
- Conventional anglicization: se
Noun
m
- The object depicted in the hieroglyph
. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:- A cloth
Noun
m
- A vessel or container (made of gold) [18th dynasty]
Noun
m
- A type of waterfowl, perhaps the Eurasian teal (Anas crecca),[1] especially as an offering for the dead [Old Kingdom]
- Alternative form of sr (“type of goose”)
Pronoun
m sg 3. enclitic (‘dependent’) pronoun
- Alternative form of sw (“he, him”) [Middle and New Kingdom]
Alternative forms
[Middle Kingdom] | [New Kingdom] |
References
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 51.
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926–1961) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN
- Berman, Lawrence M., Bohač, Kenneth J. (1999) The Cleveland Museum of Art Catalogue of Egyptian Art, New York: Hudson Hills Press, pages 140–141
Esperanto
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /so/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/
Audio (file)
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
Finnish
Etymology
The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and s for information on the development of the glyph itself.
Pronunciation
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
See also
Fula
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/
Gothic
Hungarian
Alternative forms
- ſ (obsolete)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈʃ]
Audio (conjunction) (file) - (conjunction): IPA(key): [ˈʃ]
- (letter name): IPA(key): [ˈɛʃː]
Derived terms
Letter
s
Declension
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | s | s-ek |
accusative | s-et | s-eket |
dative | s-nek | s-eknek |
instrumental | s-sel | s-ekkel |
causal-final | s-ért | s-ekért |
translative | s-sé | s-ekké |
terminative | s-ig | s-ekig |
essive-formal | s-ként | s-ekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | s-ben | s-ekben |
superessive | s-en | s-eken |
adessive | s-nél | s-eknél |
illative | s-be | s-ekbe |
sublative | s-re | s-ekre |
allative | s-hez | s-ekhez |
elative | s-ből | s-ekből |
delative | s-ről | s-ekről |
ablative | s-től | s-ektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
s-é | s-eké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
s-éi | s-ekéi |
Possessive forms of s | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | s-em | s-eim |
2nd person sing. | s-ed | s-eid |
3rd person sing. | s-e | s-ei |
1st person plural | s-ünk | s-eink |
2nd person plural | s-etek | s-eitek |
3rd person plural | s-ük | s-eik |
See also
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
Further reading
- (sound, letter, and abbreviation): s in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (and): s in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Ido
Italian
Japanese
Etymology
Short of さん (san).
Kashubian
Etymology
The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and s for development of the glyph itself.
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
Latvian
Etymology
Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [s]
Malay
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
Maltese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/
- IPA(key): /z/ (by assimilation to a following voiced obstruent)
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
Mòcheno
Etymology 1
From Middle High German ëz, iz, from Old High German iz, from Proto-West Germanic *it, from Proto-Germanic *it, nominative/accusative singular neuter of *iz. Cognate with German es.
Inflection
Personal pronouns | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
1st person | i | biar |
2nd person | du | ir |
3rd person | er, si, s | sei |
Etymology 2
From Middle High German daz, from Old High German daz, from Proto-Germanic *þat. Cognate with German das, English that.
References
- “s” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Norwegian
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /esː/, /ɛsː/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/, (in sj, skj, sk, sl) /ʃ/, (in rs) /ʂ/
Audio (file)
Polish
Etymology
The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and s for development of the glyph itself.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/, or IPA(key): /z/ if voiced
Letter
s (upper case S, lower case)
Portuguese
Pronunciation
Letter name: (esse)
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈɛ.si/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈɛ.se/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈɛ.sɨ/
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
See also
Alternative forms
Romani
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).
Saanich
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology 1
See Translingual section.
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /s/
Letter
s (Cyrillic spelling с)
See also
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъ(n), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom.
Alternative forms
- sa (see usage notes)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/
Preposition
s (Cyrillic spelling с)
- with, together with, along with [+instrumental]
- raditi s nekim ― to work with somebody
- svađati se s nekim ― to quarrel with somebody
- ratovati s nekim ― to wage war with somebody
- d(j)evojka s plavom kosom ― a girl with blonde hair
- s godinama dolazi mudrost ― with age comes wisdom
- s ljubavlju ― with love
- pozdraviti se jedno s drugim ― part ways with each other
- 1898, Vojislav Stanković, “Đurđevdan”, in Stari Dani, page 1:
- Gledam živu, tesnu ulicu, ograđenu visokim zidovima, s velikim kapijama i razgranatim drvećem, koje se pruža, te je kiti zelenom.
- I look at lively, narrow streets, high fenced walls, with large gates and branched trees, which stretch, and adorn it with green.
- from, off [+genitive]
- pao sam sa stabla. ― I fell from the tree.
- s druge strane ― on the other side
- sa zapada ― from the west
- s leđa ― from the back
- promatrati s prozora ― to observe from the window
- ljudi s planine ― people from the mountain
- (proscribed, shortening of iz tog) (+ genitive case) because of (= iz, zbȍg)
- s tog razloga ― for that reason
- miscellaneous prepositional senses in phrases that employ a connection [+instrumental]
- Šta/što je s tobom? ― What's wrong with you?
- s vremenom ― in time
Usage notes
s takes the alternative form sa in the following environments:
- before the sibilants /s, š, z, ž/:
- sa stránē
- aside
- sa škȏlōm
- with school
- sa zȗbom
- with the tooth
- sa žìvotom
- with life
- before consonant clusters where the second consonant is /s, š, z, ž/:
- sa psȍm
- with the dog
- sa pšènicōm
- with wheat
- sa ȑzānjem
- with neighing
- before the instrumental form of the first-person pronoun jȃ (“I”)
- sa mnȏm
- with me
Alternative forms
Silesian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈs/
- Rhymes: -s
- Syllabification: s
Etymology 1
The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and s for development of the glyph itself.
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
See also
Slovak
Alternative forms
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъ(n).
Preposition
s (+ instrumental)
Usage notes
- The non-sylabic variant s is used when the next word does not begin with s, z, š or ž or with a consonant cluster containing one of these consonants. In all other cases, the variant so is used.
Further reading
- “s”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
Slovene
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (phoneme) /s/, /s̺/, /s̄/
- IPA(key): (letter name) /ˈese/ [ˈe.se]
- (Castilian)
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ese
- (Castilian)
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog)
- IPA(key): /ˈʔes/ [ˈʔɛs] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
- Rhymes: -es
- IPA(key): /ˈsa/ [ˈsa] (letter name, Abakada alphabet)
- Rhymes: -a
- IPA(key): /ˈʔese/ [ˈʔɛ.sɛ] (letter name, Abecedario)
- Rhymes: -ese
- IPA(key): /s/ [s] (phoneme)
- IPA(key): /ˈʔes/ [ˈʔɛs] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔)
- The twenty-first letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called es and written in the Latin script.
See also
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S, Baybayin spelling ᜐ)
- The sixteenth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abakada alphabet), called sa and written in the Latin script.
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐᜒ)
- (historical) The twenty-second letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called ese and written in the Latin script.
Further reading
- “s”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Tarifit
Preposition
s (Tifinagh spelling ⵙ)
- instrumental marker
- expresses the means or cause: by means of, with (instrumental)
- ixeddem s ufus
- He works with his hand.
- tessiweř s Tmaziɣt
- She spoke (using) Berber.
- used to express temporal expressions
- iffeɣ s ǧiret, idwer-d s wass
- He left at night, he returned at day.
- used in numeral constructions
- udfen s sebɛa
- They came in with the seven of them.
- expresses the means or cause: by means of, with (instrumental)
Turkish
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
Yoruba
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
See also
- (Latin-script letters) lẹ́tà; A a (Á á, À à, Ā ā), B b, D d, E e (É é, È è, Ē ē), Ẹ ẹ (Ẹ́ ẹ́, Ẹ̀ ẹ̀, Ẹ̄ ẹ̄), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Ī ī), J j, K k, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ō ō), Ọ ọ (Ọ́ ọ́, Ọ̀ ọ̀, Ọ̄ ọ̄), P p, R r, S s, Ṣ ṣ, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Ū ū), W w, Y y
- (Benin) (Latin-script letters) lɛ́tà; A a, B b, D d, E e, Ɛ ɛ, F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i, J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ɔ ɔ, P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, U u, W w, Y y
Zulu
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)