S
|
|
Translingual
Etymology
From the Etruscan letter 𐌔 (s, “es”), from the Ancient Greek letter Σ (S, “sigma”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤔 (š, “šin”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓌒.
See also
Symbol
S
- (chemistry) symbol for sulfur / sulphur
- (metrology) symbol for siemens, a measure of electrical conductance.
- (metrology) symbol for spat (obsolete astronomical unit of distance).
- (metrology) symbol for svedberg (unit of sedimentation rate in ultracentrifugation).
- (biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for serine
- (geology) symbol for storativity
- (mathematics, topology) sphere
- (mathematics, computer science) The S ("substitution") combinator, defined as Sxyz = xz(yz), used in SKI calculus
- (linguistics) A wildcard for a sibilant; or sometimes ambiguously for a stop, fricative, sonorant or semivowel
- (usually clothing) small (the manufactured size)
Gallery
- Uppercase and lowercase versions of S, in normal and italic type
- Uppercase and lowercase S in Fraktur
See also
The template Template:Letter does not use the parameter(s): Character=SPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
Other representations of S:
|
English
Pronunciation
- (name of letter) IPA(key): /ɛs/
- Rhymes: -ɛs
Audio (US) (file) - (phoneme) IPA(key): /s/, /z/, /ʒ/
Letter
See also
Number
S (upper case, lower case s)
- The ordinal number nineteenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called ess and written in the Latin script.
Etymology 2
Abbreviation.
S
- (stenoscript) the sound sequence /st/ in a word, e.g. it's the transcription of the suffix -ist.
- (stenoscript) the prefix sub-
- [some manuals advise lower-case s for the prefix sub-]
- (stenoscript) Abbreviation of south.
Noun
S
- Initialism of south.
- Initialism of season (group of episodes of a series).
- I watched S01 through 03. I have yet to watch the S04.
- The pilot episode is S01E01.
- (usually clothing, singular only) Initialism of small (the manufactured size or an item of that size).
- (music) Initialism of soprano.
- (American Library Association) Initialism of sextodecimo (book size, 15-17.5 cm in height).
Translations
Adjective
S (not comparable)
Proper noun
S
- (set theory) An axiomatic set theory, developed by logician George Boolos, in which several of the axioms of ZF are derivable as theorems.
- S has no axiom of extensionality and identity is absent from the other S axioms.
Afar
Letter
S
- The forth letter in the Afar alphabet.
Azerbaijani
Letter
S upper case (lower case s)
Central Franconian
Etymology
- /z/, /ʃ/ are from West Germanic *s.
- For the origin of /s/, see ß.
Pronunciation
- (German-based) /z/, (coda or doubled) /s/, (in initial sp, st) /ʃ/
- (Dutch-based) /s/
Letter
S
- A letter in the German-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
- A letter in the Dutch-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
Usage notes
- In the German-based spelling, /s/ after long vowels and diphthongs is represented by ß (see there).
- In the Dutch-based spelling, /z/ is represented by z (see there). /ʃ/ is represented by sj.
- In the German-based spelling, s [s] is doubled after short vowels except in certain function words and when the letter is followed by another consonant within the word stem. However, s for [z] may be doubled or not.
- In the Dutch-based spelling, s is doubled after short vowels if the syllable were otherwise open.
Chinese
Pronunciation 1
Letter
S
- The nineteenth letter of the Latin alphabet.
Pronunciation 2
Usage notes
- 《汉语拼音方案》 defines a standard pronunciation for each letter. However, these pronunciations are rarely used in education; another pronunciation is commonly used instead.
- The pronunciation above are only used while referring to letters in Pinyin. They are not used in other context (such as English).
- The official pronunciation defined in 《汉语拼音方案》, ㄝㄙ (ê̄s), is not a valid syllable in Pinyin.
Esperanto
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /so/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/
Audio (file)
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)
See also
Alternative forms
- (she): Ŝ
Estonian
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)
Finnish
Etymology
The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and S for information on the development of the glyph itself.
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)
French
Pronunciation
- (letter) IPA(key): /ɛs/
Audio (Paris) (file) - Rhymes: -ɛs
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)
German
Etymology
For the origin of the letter, see s.
Single s in prevocalic position is pronounced /z/, except when it follows an obstruent within the word stem (e.g. Achse, bugsieren, Lotse, schubsen). /s/ is usually retained in recent borrowings from English (e.g. Sex), to a lesser degree also in recent borrowings from other languages (e.g. Salsa). Words from the classical languages and pre-1900 loanwords behave like native words.
Stem-initial st and sp are pronounced /ʃt/ and /ʃp/ in native words. The same is generally true for classical and pre-1900 loanwords, though in this case we find some exceptions which are at least optionally pronounced with /st/, /sp/ (e.g. Stil, Stola). Recent borrowings tend to retain the original sounds. Again, this tendency is stronger with English than with other source languages (cf. e.g. Spaghetti with /ʃp/).
The trigraph sch is pronounced /ʃ/, except when there is an intervening morpheme boundary, which normally happens only with the diminutive suffix -chen (cf. e.g. Häuschen).
Otherwise, pre-consonantal and word-final s is always pronounced /s/. This also includes st, sp when they are not stem-initial. The same is generally true for doubled ss. There are, however, a few words in which ss may – optionally – be pronounced /z/ (e.g. Fussel, Massel, quasseln, Schussel). For the orthographic choice between ss and ß, see the latter.
Pronunciation
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)
- The nineteenth letter of the German alphabet, called es and written in the Latin script.
- 1877, Dr. Schröer, “Gelegentliche Bemerkungen über erhöhte Ansprüche, die nun an die Aufzeichnung mundartlicher Sprachproben zu stellen wären”, in Die deutschen Mundarten. Zeitschrift für Dichtung, Forschung und Kritik. Herausgegeben von Dr. G. Karl Frommann. Siebenter Band (neuer Folge erster Band), page 15:
- Für die zweierlei S, das scharfe ß und das weiche, tönende s, sind die Zeichen s und ſ zu empfehlen. Letzteres wird im Französischen, Englischen, Holländischen, Polnischen, Madjarischen mit z bezeichnet, das wir nicht annehmen können, weil bei uns, wie schon bemerkt, z den Laut ts bezeichnet.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- (phoneme): IPA(key): [ˈʃ]
- (letter name): IPA(key): [ˈɛʃː]
Audio (phoneme) (file)
Letter
S
Declension
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | S | S-ek |
accusative | S-et | S-eket |
dative | S-nek | S-eknek |
instrumental | S-sel | S-ekkel |
causal-final | S-ért | S-ekért |
translative | S-sé | S-ekké |
terminative | S-ig | S-ekig |
essive-formal | S-ként | S-ekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | S-ben | S-ekben |
superessive | S-en | S-eken |
adessive | S-nél | S-eknél |
illative | S-be | S-ekbe |
sublative | S-re | S-ekre |
allative | S-hez | S-ekhez |
elative | S-ből | S-ekből |
delative | S-ről | S-ekről |
ablative | S-től | S-ektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
S-é | S-eké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
S-éi | S-ekéi |
Possessive forms of S | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | S-em | S-eim |
2nd person sing. | S-ed | S-eid |
3rd person sing. | S-e | S-ei |
1st person plural | S-ünk | S-eink |
2nd person plural | S-etek | S-eitek |
3rd person plural | S-ük | S-eik |
See also
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
Ido
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/
Italian
Pronunciation
- (letter name) IPA(key): /ˈɛs.se/
- Rhymes: -ɛsse
- (phonemic realization, between vowels) IPA(key): /z/, /s/
- (phonemic realization, when followed by a voiceless consonant) IPA(key): /s/
- (phonemic realization, when followed by a voiced consonant) IPA(key): /z/
Letter
S f or m (invariable, upper case, lower case s)
Japanese
Noun
S • (esu)
- (education) highest academic grading in the S-A-B-C-F scale
- (chiefly video games) S, the highest rank or grade (above A) commonly used in ranking systems in video games
Descendants
- English: S
Derived terms
- ドS (do-esu)
Kashubian
Etymology
The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and S for development of the glyph itself.
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)
Latvian
Etymology
Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [s]
Malay
Pronunciation
- (Name of letter) IPA(key): [ɛs]
- (Phoneme) IPA(key): [s]
Polish
Etymology
The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and S for development of the glyph itself.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/, or IPA(key): /z/ if voiced
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)
Portuguese
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)
Romani
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).
Saanich
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/
Silesian
Etymology
The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and S for development of the glyph itself.
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)
Slovak
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)
Slovene
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)
Spanish
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)
Swedish
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog)
- IPA(key): /ˈʔes/ [ˈʔɛs] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
- Rhymes: -es
- IPA(key): /ˈsa/ [ˈsa] (letter name, Abakada alphabet)
- Rhymes: -a
- IPA(key): /ˈʔese/ [ˈʔɛ.sɛ] (letter name, Abecedario)
- Rhymes: -ese
- IPA(key): /s/ [s] (phoneme)
- IPA(key): /ˈʔes/ [ˈʔɛs] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔)
- The twenty-first letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called es and written in the Latin script.
See also
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s, Baybayin spelling ᜐ)
- The sixteenth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abakada alphabet), called sa and written in the Latin script.
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐᜒ)
- (historical) The twenty-second letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called ese and written in the Latin script.
Further reading
- “S”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Turkish
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [ʔɛt̚˧˦ si˨˩]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [ʔɛt̚˦˧˥ ʂɪj˦˩] ~ [ʔɛt̚˦˧˥ sɪj˦˩]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [ʔɛk̚˦˥ ʂɪj˨˩] ~ [ʔɛk̚˦˥ sɪj˨˩]
- Phonetic: ét sìThe template Template:vi-IPA does not use the parameter(s):
2=ét-xì 3=sờ 4=sờ nặng
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)
See also
- (Quốc ngữ letters) chữ cái; A a (À à, Ả ả, Ã ã, Á á, Ạ ạ), Ă ă (Ằ ằ, Ẳ ẳ, Ẵ ẵ, Ắ ắ, Ặ ặ), Â â (Ầ ầ, Ẩ ẩ, Ẫ ẫ, Ấ ấ, Ậ ậ), B b, C c (Ch ch), D d, Đ đ, E e (È è, Ẻ ẻ, Ẽ ẽ, É é, Ẹ ẹ), Ê ê (Ề ề, Ể ể, Ễ ễ, Ế ế, Ệ ệ), G g (Gh gh, Gi gi), H h, I i (Ì ì, Ỉ ỉ, Ĩ ĩ, Í í, Ị ị), K k (Kh kh), L l, M m, N n (Ng ng, Ngh ngh, Nh nh), O o (Ò ò, Ỏ ỏ, Õ õ, Ó ó, Ọ ọ), Ô ô (Ồ ồ, Ổ ổ, Ỗ ỗ, Ố ố, Ộ ộ), Ơ ơ (Ờ ờ, Ở ở, Ỡ ỡ, Ớ ớ, Ợ ợ), P p (Ph ph), Q q (Qu qu), R r, S s, T t (Th th, Tr tr), U u (Ù ù, Ủ ủ, Ũ ũ, Ú ú, Ụ ụ), Ư ư (Ừ ừ, Ử ử, Ữ ữ, Ứ ứ, Ự ự), V v, X x, Y y (Ỳ ỳ, Ỷ ỷ, Ỹ ỹ, Ý ý, Ỵ ỵ)
Welsh
Pronunciation
- (standard) IPA(key): /ɛs/
- (informal) IPA(key): /s/
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)
Mutation
- S cannot be mutated in Welsh.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) llythyren; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ä ä), B b, C c, Ch ch, D d, Dd dd, E e (É é, È è, Ê ê, Ë ë), F f, Ff ff, G g, Ng ng, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Î î, Ï ï), J j, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ô ô, Ö ö), P p, Ph ph, R r, Rh rh, S s, T t, Th th, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, Ü ü), W w (Ẃ ẃ, Ẁ ẁ, Ŵ ŵ, Ẅ ẅ), Y y (Ý ý, Ỳ ỳ, Ŷ ŷ, Ÿ ÿ)
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “S”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Yoruba
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)
See also
- (Latin-script letters) lẹ́tà; A a (Á á, À à, Ā ā), B b, D d, E e (É é, È è, Ē ē), Ẹ ẹ (Ẹ́ ẹ́, Ẹ̀ ẹ̀, Ẹ̄ ẹ̄), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Ī ī), J j, K k, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ō ō), Ọ ọ (Ọ́ ọ́, Ọ̀ ọ̀, Ọ̄ ọ̄), P p, R r, S s, Ṣ ṣ, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Ū ū), W w, Y y
- (Benin) (Latin-script letters) lɛ́tà; A a, B b, D d, E e, Ɛ ɛ, F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i, J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ɔ ɔ, P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, U u, W w, Y y
Zulu
Letter
S (upper case, lower case s)