az
Translingual
English
Adverb
az (not comparable)
- Eye dialect spelling of as.
- 1790, Noah Webster, A Collection of Essays and Fugitiv Writings, pages 340–341:
- The whole legiſlature likewize acts az a court for the trial of public delinquents.
Etymology 2
Abbreviation.
Etymology 3
From Old Church Slavonic азъ (azŭ).
Translations
Further reading
- Early Cyrillic alphabet on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Azerbaijani
Cyrillic | аз | |
---|---|---|
Abjad | آز |
Etymology 1
From Proto-Turkic *āŕ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɑz]
Audio (file)
Interjection
az
- An informal way of addressing a girl.
- Az, nə qayırırsan?! ― Hey, what are you doing?!
See also
- ədə!
Breton
Crimean Tatar
Etymology
Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰀𐰕 (āz, “few, little, a bit, a little”).
Hungarian
Etymology
The pronoun and determiner senses probably derive from an earlier a[1] + a pronoun-forming suffix -z,[2] where the former element originates from Proto-Uralic *o or *u (“that, that other”).[3] Its cognates include Moksha омба (omba, “other”), омбоце (omboće, “second”), Eastern Mari умбал (umbal, “far, distant”),[4][5] Udmurt отын (otyn, “there”)[6][7] and Komi-Zyrian ата (ata, “here”), асы (asy, “look here”).[3]
The definite article was created by means of conversion,[1][2] originally only in the form az, later shortened to a’ before consonants until the early 20th century, when the spelling a was accepted.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɒz]
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɒz
Derived terms
- a (for words beginning with a consonant)
Pronoun
az
Declension
Inflection of az | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | az | azok |
accusative | azt | azokat |
dative | annak | azoknak |
instrumental | azzal | azokkal |
causal-final | azért | azokért |
translative | azzá | azokká |
terminative | addig | azokig |
essive-formal | akként | azokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | abban | azokban |
superessive | azon | azokon |
adessive | annál | azoknál |
illative | abba | azokba |
sublative | arra | azokra |
allative | ahhoz | azokhoz |
elative | abból | azokból |
delative | arról | azokról |
ablative | attól | azoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
azé | azoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
azéi | azokéi |
The possessive forms of this pronoun are not in use. If necessary, the corresponding possessive forms of olyan (“such [a thing]”) can be used.
Derived terms
Pronominal adverbs from case suffixes (cf. postpositions) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ed | suffix | who? | what? | this | that | he/she (it)* | ||
case | v. pr. | c. | ||||||
nom. | – | ki | mi | ez | az | ő* / -∅ az / -∅ | – | – |
acc. | -t / -ot / -at / -et / -öt | kit | mit | ezt | azt | őt* / -∅ azt / -∅ | – | c1 c2 |
dat. | -nak / -nek | kinek | minek | ennek | annak | neki | neki- | c |
ins. | -val / -vel | kivel | mivel | ezzel/ evvel | azzal/ avval | vele | c | |
c-f. | -ért | kiért | miért | ezért | azért | érte | – | c |
tra. | -vá / -vé | kivé | mivé | ezzé | azzá | – | – | c |
ter. | -ig | – | meddig | eddig | addig | – | – | c |
e-f. | -ként | (kiként) | (miként) | ekként | akként | – | – | c |
e-m. | -ul / -ül | – | – | – | – | – | – | c |
ine. | -ban / -ben | kiben | miben | ebben | abban | benne | – | c |
sup. | -n/-on/-en/-ön | kin | min | ezen | azon | rajta | (rajta-) | c |
ade. | -nál / -nél | kinél | minél | ennél | annál | nála | – | c |
ill. | -ba / -be | kibe | mibe | ebbe | abba | bele | bele- | c |
sub. | -ra / -re | kire | mire | erre | arra | rá | rá- | c |
all. | -hoz/-hez/-höz | kihez | mihez | ehhez | ahhoz | hozzá | hozzá- | c |
el. | -ból / -ből | kiből | miből | ebből | abból | belőle | – | c |
del. | -ról / -ről | kiről | miről | erről | arról | róla | – | c |
abl. | -tól / -től | kitől | mitől | ettől | attól | tőle | – | c |
*: Ő and őt refer to human beings; the forms below them might be construed likewise. – Forms in parentheses are uncommon. All » |
Determiner
az
- (used before a noun phrase with a definite article, declined in accordance with the noun phrase it applies to) that
- (rare, archaic, except in vowel-initial fixed phrases, with zero article) that
- Synonym: (before words starting with a consonant; rare in this function) a
- Coordinate terms: e, ez, eme, emez, ama, amaz, ezen, azon
- az ügyben (equivalent to abban az ügyben, but with an emphatic az) ― in that matter
- az évben (equivalent to abban az évben, but with an emphatic az) ― in that year
- az az évi díjak (with an emphatic second az) ― the fees of that year
Usage notes
Because az (in the first, common usage) takes a definite article (the) and van (“is, to be”) is omitted in "who"/"what" statements, some terms are ambiguous. “Az a ház” can mean both “that house” as a phrase and “That is the house” as a whole sentence. The same ambiguity may arise with ez.
Declension
Inflection of az | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | az | azok |
accusative | azt | azokat |
dative | annak | azoknak |
instrumental | azzal | azokkal |
causal-final | azért | azokért |
translative | azzá | azokká |
terminative | addig | azokig |
essive-formal | akként | azokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | abban | azokban |
superessive | azon | azokon |
adessive | annál | azoknál |
illative | abba | azokba |
sublative | arra | azokra |
allative | ahhoz | azokhoz |
elative | abból | azokból |
delative | arról | azokról |
ablative | attól | azoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
azé | azoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
azéi | azokéi |
References
- az in Gerstner, Károly (ed.). Új magyar etimológiai szótár. (’New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian’). Beta version. Budapest, MTA Nyelvtudományi Intézet / Magyar Nyelvtudományi Kutatóközpont, 2011–2022. (Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary). Language abbreviations
- az in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
- Entry #656 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- Mari–English dictionary
- Mari–Russian dictionary
- Estonian–Udmurt dictionary (looking up Estonian seal (“there”))
- отын in the Finnish Wiktionary
Further reading
- az in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
- (pronoun or determiner): az in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (definite article, referring to its alternative form “a”): az in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (the referred entry on the definite article): (3): a in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Mapudungun
References
- Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.
Masurian
Alternative forms
Etymology
Inherited from Old Polish aż.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈas]
- Syllabification: az
Conjunction
az
Particle
az
Interjection
az
- expressive word used at the end of a statement, often repeated
Romanian
References
- az in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN
Sumerian
Talysh
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Iranian *ajám. Cognate with Sanskrit अहम् (aham).
References
- Pirejko, L. A. (1976) “az”, in Talyšsko-russkij slovarʹ [Talysh–Russian Dictionary], Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 20
Turkish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɑz]
Etymology 1
From Ottoman Turkish آز (az, “little”), from Proto-Turkic *āŕ (“few, a little”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰀𐰕 (az /āz/, “few, little, a bit, a little”), Karakhanid اازْ (āz, “few, scanty”).
Declension
present tense | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (I am) | azım | az mıyım? | az değilim | az değil miyim? |
sen (you are) | azsın | az mısın? | az değilsin | az değil misin? |
o (he/she/it is) | az / azdır | az mı? | az değil | az değil mi? |
biz (we are) | azız | az mıyız? | az değiliz | az değil miyiz? |
siz (you are) | azsınız | az mısınız? | az değilsiniz | az değil misiniz? |
onlar (they are) | az(lar) | az(lar) mı? | az değil(ler) | az değiller mi? |
past tense | ||||
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (I was) | azdım | az mıydım? | az değildim | az değil miydim? |
sen (you were) | azdın | az mıydın? | az değildin | az değil miydin? |
o (he/she/it was) | azdı | az mıydı? | az değildi | az değil miydi? |
biz (we were) | azdık | az mıydık? | az değildik | az değil miydik? |
siz (you were) | azdınız | az mıydınız? | az değildiniz | az değil miydiniz? |
onlar (they were) | azdılar | az mıydılar? | az değildi(ler) / değillerdi | az değil miydiler? |
indirect past | ||||
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (I was) | azmışım | az mıymışım? | az değilmişim | az değil miymişim? |
sen (you were) | azmışsın | az mıymışsın? | az değilmişsin | az değil miymişsin? |
o (he/she/it was) | azmış | az mıymış? | az değilmiş | az değil miymiş? |
biz (we were) | azmışız | az mıymışız? | az değilmişiz | az değil miymişiz? |
siz (you were) | azmışsınız | az mıymışsınız? | az değilmişsiniz | az değil miymişsiniz? |
onlar (they were) | azmışlar | az mıymışlar? | az değilmiş(ler) / değillermiş | az değil miymişler? |
conditional | ||||
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (if I) | azsam | az mıysam? | az değilsem | az değil miysem? |
sen (if you) | azsan | az mıysan? | az değilsen | az değil miysen? |
o (if he/she/it) | azsa | az mıysa? | az değilse | az değil miyse? |
biz (if we) | azsak | az mıysak? | az değilsek | az değil miysek? |
siz (if you) | azsanız | az mıysanız? | az değilseniz | az değil miyseniz? |
onlar (if they) | azsalar | az mıysalar? | az değilseler / değillerse | az değil miyseler? |
Antonyms
Yola
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle English as, als(a), alswa, from Old English eallswā.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɔːz/
Conjunction
az
- as
- 1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, line 3:
- an, az wee verilie chote,
- and, as we truly believe,
- 1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 12-14:
- az avare ye trad dicke londe yer name waz ee-kent var ee vriene o' livertie, an He fo brake ye neckarès o' zlaves.
- for before your foot pressed the soil, your name was known to us as the friend of liberty, and he who broke the fetters of the slave.
- 1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 14-15:
- Mang ourzels——var wee dwytheth an Irelonde az ure generale haime——
- Unto ourselves——for we look on Ireland to be our common country——
- 1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 23-24:
- proo'th, y'at wee alane needeth ye giftes o'generale rights, az be displayte bie ee factes o'thie goveremente.
- proves that we alone stood in need of the enjoyment of common privileges, as is demonstrated by the results of your government.
- 1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 10-11:
- az Irishmen, an az dwellerès na cosh an loyale o' Baronie Forthe,
- as Irishmen, and as inhabitants, faithful and loyal, of the Barony Forth,
References
- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 114