-nél
Hungarian
Pronominal adverbs from case suffixes (cf. postpositions) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ed | suffix | who? | what? | this | that | he/she (it)* | ||
case | v. pr. | c. | ||||||
nom. | – | ki | mi | ez | az | ő* / -∅ az / -∅ | – | – |
acc. | -t / -ot / -at / -et / -öt | kit | mit | ezt | azt | őt* / -∅ azt / -∅ | – | c1 c2 |
dat. | -nak / -nek | kinek | minek | ennek | annak | neki | neki- | c |
ins. | -val / -vel | kivel | mivel | ezzel/ evvel | azzal/ avval | vele | c | |
c-f. | -ért | kiért | miért | ezért | azért | érte | – | c |
tra. | -vá / -vé | kivé | mivé | ezzé | azzá | – | – | c |
ter. | -ig | – | meddig | eddig | addig | – | – | c |
e-f. | -ként | (kiként) | (miként) | ekként | akként | – | – | c |
e-m. | -ul / -ül | – | – | – | – | – | – | c |
ine. | -ban / -ben | kiben | miben | ebben | abban | benne | – | c |
sup. | -n/-on/-en/-ön | kin | min | ezen | azon | rajta | (rajta-) | c |
ade. | Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) | kinél | minél | ennél | annál | nála | – | c |
ill. | -ba / -be | kibe | mibe | ebbe | abba | bele | bele- | c |
sub. | -ra / -re | kire | mire | erre | arra | rá | rá- | c |
all. | -hoz/-hez/-höz | kihez | mihez | ehhez | ahhoz | hozzá | hozzá- | c |
el. | -ból / -ből | kiből | miből | ebből | abból | belőle | – | c |
del. | -ról / -ről | kiről | miről | erről | arról | róla | – | c |
abl. | -tól / -től | kitől | mitől | ettől | attól | tőle | – | c |
*: Ő and őt refer to human beings; the forms below them might be construed likewise. – Forms in parentheses are uncommon. All » |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [neːl]
- Rhymes: -eːl
Etymology 1
Case suffix.
Suffix
-nél (adessive case suffix)
Usage notes
- (adessive case suffix) Variants:
- -nál is added to back-vowel words. Final -a changes to -á-.
- a hegy lába (“the foot of the mountain”) → a hegy lábánál ― at the foot of the mountain
- Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) is added to front-vowel words. Final -e changes to -é-.
- az ágy feje (“the head of the bed”) → az ágy fejénél ― at the head of the bed
- -nál is added to back-vowel words. Final -a changes to -á-.
Hungarian case suffixes
Case | Back vowel a, á, o, ó, u, ú |
Front vowel | |
---|---|---|---|
unrounded e, é, i, í |
rounded ö, ő, ü, ű | ||
nominative | — | ||
accusative | -t | ||
-ot / -at | -et | -öt | |
dative | -nak | -nek | |
instrumental | -val | -vel | |
causal-final | -ért | ||
translative | -vá | -vé | |
terminative | -ig | ||
essive-formal | -ként | ||
essive-modal | -ul | -ül | |
inessive | -ban | -ben | |
superessive | -n | ||
-on | -en | -ön | |
adessive | -nál | Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) | |
illative | -ba | -be | |
sublative | -ra | -re | |
allative | -hoz | -hez | -höz |
elative | -ból | -ből | |
delative | -ról | -ről | |
ablative | -tól | -től | |
Note for all endings: Stem-final -a/-e changes to -á-/-é-, respectively, except -ként. alma — almában, but almaként zene ― zenében, but zeneként |
Suffix
-nél
Usage notes
- (conditional suffix) Variants:
- -nál is added to most back-vowel verbs
- Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) is added to most front-vowel verbs
- -anál is added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or in a long vowel + t (exceptions: áll, száll, varr, forr, lát)
- -enél is added to front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or in a long vowel + t
Conditional indefinite – personal endings
Person | Back vowel |
Front vowel | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
unrounded | rounded | |||
én | 1st person singular | -nék | ||
after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-anék | -enék | ||
te | 2nd person singular | -nál | -nél | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-anál | -enél | ||
ő maga ön |
3rd person singular | -na | -ne | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-ana | -ene | ||
mi | 1st person plural | -nánk | -nénk | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-anánk | -enénk | ||
ti | 2nd person plural | -nátok | -nétek | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-anátok | -enétek | ||
ők maguk önök |
3rd person plural | -nának | -nének | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-anának | -enének | ||
See also: present-tense definite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing. |
See also
- Appendix:Hungarian suffixes
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