-re
See also: Appendix:Variations of "re"
Catalan
Suffix
-re
- forms Catalan second conjugation verbs
Conjugation
Variations to the Catalan second conjugation may show up.
- Regular conjugation
infinitive | -re | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | -ent | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | -ut | -uda | |||||
plural | -uts | -udes | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | -o | -s | - | -em | -eu | -en | |
imperfect | -ia | -ies | -ia | -íem | -íeu | -ien | |
future | -ré | -ràs | -rà | -rem | -reu | -ran | |
preterite | -í | -eres | -é | -érem | -éreu | -eren | |
conditional | -ria | -ries | -ria | -ríem | -ríeu | -rien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | -i | -is | -i | -em | -eu | -in | |
imperfect | -és | -essis | -és | -éssim | -éssiu | -essin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
affirmative | — | - | -i | -em | -eu | -in | |
negative (no) | — | no -is | no -i | no -em | no -eu | no -in |
Finnish
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /-reˣ/, [-re̞(ʔ)]
Suffix
-re
- Forms nouns, mostly from nominal stems.
Usage notes
Attaches to the strong stem, while the alternative form -r attaches to the weak stem.
Derived terms
Finnish terms suffixed with -re
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʁ/
Usage notes
- Technically, -re is not a suffix or even a verb ending proper, as it is always part of a wider pattern in -dre, -ttre, -ire etc., and is only used as such for its practical aspect, as it groups verbs of very different conjugations, and several verbs of the third group do not end in -re.
Conjugation
Conjugation of -re (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | -re | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | -ant /ɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | -u /y/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | -s // |
-s // |
- // |
-ons /ɔ̃/ |
-ez /e/ |
-ent /ə/ |
imperfect | -ais /ɛ/ |
-ais /ɛ/ |
-ait /ɛ/ |
-ions /jɔ̃/ |
-iez /je/ |
-aient /ɛ/ | |
past historic2 | -is /i/ |
-is /i/ |
-it /i/ |
-îmes /im/ |
-îtes /it/ |
-irent /iʁ/ | |
future | -rai /ʁe/ |
-ras /ʁa/ |
-ra /ʁa/ |
-rons /ʁɔ̃/ |
-rez /ʁe/ |
-ront /ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | -rais /ʁɛ/ |
-rais /ʁɛ/ |
-rait /ʁɛ/ |
-rions /ʁjɔ̃/ |
-riez /ʁje/ |
-raient /ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | -e /ə/ |
-es /ə/ |
-e /ə/ |
-ions /jɔ̃/ |
-iez /je/ |
-ent /ə/ |
imperfect2 | -isse /is/ |
-isses /is/ |
-ît /i/ |
-issions /i.sjɔ̃/ |
-issiez /i.sje/ |
-issent /is/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | -s // |
— | -ons /ɔ̃/ |
-ez /e/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
- The table above shows the conjugation of verbs ending in -dre (e.g. rendre, vendre, ardre).
- In most verbs ending in -ttre, -tt regularly degeminates to -t before suffixes -s and -∅ (battre — bats, bat, not *batts, *batt).
- In most verbs ending in -ire, -is- are added between verb stem and verb ending starting in vowels (conduire — conduisais, but conduis), and past participle ends in -t, not *-isu.
- There are many exceptions on -re verbs, the most irregular -re verb is the auxiliary verb être. See more at Appendix:French irregular verbs.
Hungarian
Pronominal adverbs from case suffixes (cf. postpositions) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ed | suffix | who? | what? | this | that | he/she (it)* | ||
case | v. pr. | c. | ||||||
nom. | – | ki | mi | ez | az | ő* / -∅ az / -∅ | – | – |
acc. | -t / -ot / -at / -et / -öt | kit | mit | ezt | azt | őt* / -∅ azt / -∅ | – | c1 c2 |
dat. | -nak / -nek | kinek | minek | ennek | annak | neki | neki- | c |
ins. | -val / -vel | kivel | mivel | ezzel/ evvel | azzal/ avval | vele | c | |
c-f. | -ért | kiért | miért | ezért | azért | érte | – | c |
tra. | -vá / -vé | kivé | mivé | ezzé | azzá | – | – | c |
ter. | -ig | – | meddig | eddig | addig | – | – | c |
e-f. | -ként | (kiként) | (miként) | ekként | akként | – | – | c |
e-m. | -ul / -ül | – | – | – | – | – | – | c |
ine. | -ban / -ben | kiben | miben | ebben | abban | benne | – | c |
sup. | -n/-on/-en/-ön | kin | min | ezen | azon | rajta | (rajta-) | c |
ade. | -nál / -nél | kinél | minél | ennél | annál | nála | – | c |
ill. | -ba / -be | kibe | mibe | ebbe | abba | bele | bele- | c |
sub. | -ra / -re | kire | mire | erre | arra | rá | rá- | c |
all. | -hoz/-hez/-höz | kihez | mihez | ehhez | ahhoz | hozzá | hozzá- | c |
el. | -ból / -ből | kiből | miből | ebből | abból | belőle | – | c |
del. | -ról / -ről | kiről | miről | erről | arról | róla | – | c |
abl. | -tól / -től | kitől | mitől | ettől | attól | tőle | – | c |
*: Ő and őt refer to human beings; the forms below them might be construed likewise. – Forms in parentheses are uncommon. All » |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [rɛ]
- Rhymes: -rɛ
Suffix
-re
Usage notes
- (sublative case suffix) Variants:
Hungarian case suffixes
Case | Back vowel a, á, o, ó, u, ú |
Front vowel | |
---|---|---|---|
unrounded e, é, i, í |
rounded ö, ő, ü, ű | ||
nominative | — | ||
accusative | -t | ||
-ot / -at | -et | -öt | |
dative | -nak | -nek | |
instrumental | -val | -vel | |
causal-final | -ért | ||
translative | -vá | -vé | |
terminative | -ig | ||
essive-formal | -ként | ||
essive-modal | -ul | -ül | |
inessive | -ban | -ben | |
superessive | -n | ||
-on | -en | -ön | |
adessive | -nál | -nél | |
illative | -ba | -be | |
sublative | -ra | -re | |
allative | -hoz | -hez | -höz |
elative | -ból | -ből | |
delative | -ról | -ről | |
ablative | -tól | -től | |
Note for all endings: Stem-final -a/-e changes to -á-/-é-, respectively, except -ként. alma — almában, but almaként zene ― zenében, but zeneként |
See also
- rá
- Category:Hungarian terms taking -ra/-re
- Appendix:Hungarian suffixes
Middle English
Old English
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz, from Latin -ārius.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /re/
Suffix
-re
- (Late West Saxon) masculine agent suffix, originally applied only to nouns
- fugol (“fowl, bird”) + -re → fuglre (“fowler”)
Declension
Declension of -re (strong ja-stem)
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | -ree | -reas |
accusative | -ree | -reas |
genitive | -rees | -rea |
dative | -ree | -reum |
Derived terms
Old English terms suffixed with -re
Descendants
- English: -er
Romanian
Etymology
From the Latin infinitive endings (-are, -ere, -ire). Used in Romanian with a verb to form the "long infinitive", which is a verbal noun. See also the short infinitive forms of Romanian verbs, -a, -ea, -e, and -i.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /re/
Suffix
-re f (plural -ri)
- Attached to the ends of verb infinitives to form nouns, meaning "the action or result of"; -ing, -ation
- traduce (“to translate”) + -re → traducere - translating, translation (the action or result of translation)
- conjuga (“to conjugate”) + -re → conjugare - conjugating, conjugation (the action or result of conjugation)
- vorbi (“to speak”) + -re → vorbire - speech, speaking (the action or result of speech)
- avea (“to have”) + -re → avere - wealth, riches (the result of having)
Usage notes
Most verb infinitives simply add -re, but second conjugation verbs (those ending in -ea) drop the a before adding the suffix. Verbs in -î change to â in accordance with normal orthographic rules.
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