-ot
See also: Appendix:Variations of "ot"
Catalan
Etymology
Inherited from Latin -ottus (“a kind of”).
Suffix
-ot m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ots)
- forms augmentatives
- forms a masculine noun from a feminine noun that is a particular type of the root
- forms a masculine noun from a feminine noun
Derived terms
Catalan terms suffixed with -ot
Further reading
- “-ot”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
Czech
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-otъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ ot]
Suffix
-ot m inan (noun-forming suffix)
- forms masculine nouns, often referring to sounds
Derived terms
Czech terms suffixed with -ot
Further reading
- -ot in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017
French
Etymology
Variant of -et, originally from Burgundy. See Burgundian -ôt. From Vulgar Latin *-ottum.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /o/
Audio (file)
Suffix
-ot
Hungarian
Pronominal adverbs from case suffixes (cf. postpositions) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ed | suffix | who? | what? | this | that | he/she (it)* | ||
case | v. pr. | c. | ||||||
nom. | – | ki | mi | ez | az | ő* / -∅ az / -∅ | – | – |
acc. | -t / -ot / -at / -et / -öt | kit | mit | ezt | azt | őt* / -∅ azt / -∅ | – | c1 c2 |
dat. | -nak / -nek | kinek | minek | ennek | annak | neki | neki- | c |
ins. | -val / -vel | kivel | mivel | ezzel/ evvel | azzal/ avval | vele | c | |
c-f. | -ért | kiért | miért | ezért | azért | érte | – | c |
tra. | -vá / -vé | kivé | mivé | ezzé | azzá | – | – | c |
ter. | -ig | – | meddig | eddig | addig | – | – | c |
e-f. | -ként | (kiként) | (miként) | ekként | akként | – | – | c |
e-m. | -ul / -ül | – | – | – | – | – | – | c |
ine. | -ban / -ben | kiben | miben | ebben | abban | benne | – | c |
sup. | -n/-on/-en/-ön | kin | min | ezen | azon | rajta | (rajta-) | c |
ade. | -nál / -nél | kinél | minél | ennél | annál | nála | – | c |
ill. | -ba / -be | kibe | mibe | ebbe | abba | bele | bele- | c |
sub. | -ra / -re | kire | mire | erre | arra | rá | rá- | c |
all. | -hoz/-hez/-höz | kihez | mihez | ehhez | ahhoz | hozzá | hozzá- | c |
el. | -ból / -ből | kiből | miből | ebből | abból | belőle | – | c |
del. | -ról / -ről | kiről | miről | erről | arról | róla | – | c |
abl. | -tól / -től | kitől | mitől | ettől | attól | tőle | – | c |
*: Ő and őt refer to human beings; the forms below them might be construed likewise. – Forms in parentheses are uncommon. All » |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ot]
Suffix
-ot (accusative case suffix)
Usage notes
- (accusative case suffix): It can be added to nouns, adjectives, numerals and pronouns. Whether a suffix-initial vowel (linking vowel) will be used is hard to predict and thus needs to be learned with each word. A rule of thumb, however, is that older and shorter words tend to incorporate a vowel, rather than simply use -t. Variants:
- -t is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-. Final -o in foreign words changes to -ó-.
- -ot is added to most back-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -at is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -et is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -öt is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -∅ (zero form), optionally, after possessive suffixes, especially in the singular but sometimes also in the plural (and not infrequently after multiple-possession forms as well), except for the third-person singular (“his/her/its”, -ja/-je) as its omission would not reduce the number of syllables.
- Elviszem a kabátom(at/∅), kabátod(at/∅); kabátunk(at/∅), kabátotok(at/∅), kabátjuk(at/∅); kabátjaim(at/∅) etc.
- I’ll take my coat, your coat; our coat, [plural] your coat, their coat; my coats etc.
- It is also omitted usually from the accusative forms of first- and second-person singular personal pronouns (engem, téged (“me, you”)).
Hungarian case suffixes
Case | Back vowel a, á, o, ó, u, ú |
Front vowel | |
---|---|---|---|
unrounded e, é, i, í |
rounded ö, ő, ü, ű | ||
nominative | — | ||
accusative | -t | ||
-ot / -at | -et | -öt | |
dative | -nak | -nek | |
instrumental | -val | -vel | |
causal-final | -ért | ||
translative | -vá | -vé | |
terminative | -ig | ||
essive-formal | -ként | ||
essive-modal | -ul | -ül | |
inessive | -ban | -ben | |
superessive | -n | ||
-on | -en | -ön | |
adessive | -nál | -nél | |
illative | -ba | -be | |
sublative | -ra | -re | |
allative | -hoz | -hez | -höz |
elative | -ból | -ből | |
delative | -ról | -ről | |
ablative | -tól | -től | |
Note for all endings: Stem-final -a/-e changes to -á-/-é-, respectively, except -ként. alma — almában, but almaként zene ― zenében, but zeneként |
See also
- Category:Hungarian noun forms
- Appendix:Hungarian suffixes
Northern Sami
Etymology
From Proto-Samic *-ujëtēk.
Suffix
-ot
- Forms automative passive verbs, which imply the lack of a purposive agent.
Usage notes
- This suffix triggers the strongest grade on a preceding stressed syllable.
Inflection
Contracted o-stem, no gradation | |||
---|---|---|---|
infinitive | -ot | ||
1st sing. present | -on | ||
1st sing. past | -ojin | ||
infinitive | -ot | action noun | -on |
present participle | -ojeaddji | action inessive | -omin -ome |
past participle | -on | action elative | -omis |
agent participle | — | action comitative | -omiin |
abessive | -okeahttá | ||
present indicative | past indicative | imperative | |
1st singular | -on | -ojin | -ojēhkon |
2nd singular | -ot | -ojit | -o |
3rd singular | -o | -ui | -ojēhkos |
1st dual | -ojetne | -uime | -ojeadnu -ojeahkku |
2nd dual | -obeahtti | -uide | -ojeahkki |
3rd dual | -oba | -uiga | -ojēhkoska |
1st plural | -ot | -uimet | -ojētnot -ojēhkot -ojeahkkot -ojeadnot |
2nd plural | -obēhtet | -uidet | -ojēhket |
3rd plural | -ojit | -ojedje | -ojēhkoset |
connegative | -o | -on | -o |
conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | |
1st singular | -ošin -ošedjen |
-olin -oledjen |
-ožan |
2nd singular | -ošit -ošedjet |
-olit -oledjet |
-ožat |
3rd singular | -ošii | -olii | -oža -oš |
1st dual | -ošeimme | -oleimme | -ožetne |
2nd dual | -ošeidde | -oleidde | -ožeahppi |
3rd dual | -ošeigga | -oleigga | -ožeaba |
1st plural | -ošeimmet | -oleimmet | -ožit -ožat |
2nd plural | -ošeiddet | -oleiddet | -ožēhpet |
3rd plural | -oše -ošedje |
-ole -oledje |
-ožit |
connegative | -oše | -ole | -oš |
Derived terms
Northern Sami terms suffixed with -ot
See also
Polish
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-otъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɔt/
- Rhymes: -ɔt
- Syllabification: ot
Conjugation
Derived terms
Polish terms suffixed with -ot
Further reading
- -ot in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Seneca
Suffix
-ot
- root for standing
References
- Wallace Chafe (2014) A Grammar of the Seneca Language, University of California Press, page 87
Volapük
Suffix
-ot
- Used to indicate a more concrete or more serious example.
Derived terms
Volapük terms suffixed with -ot
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