ha
|
Translingual
English
Pronunciation
- enPR: hä, IPA(key): /hɑː/, [ha(ː)]
- Rhymes: -ɑː
Audio (US) (file)
Etymology 2
Attested early 14th century,[1] of onomatopoeic origin. Compare Danish ha, Dutch ha, Finnish ha, Hungarian ha, Latin ha, Latvian ha, Swedish ha.
Interjection
ha
Usage notes
When used to express laughter, the more it is reduplicated, the more it suggests expressive or sincere laughter. A single ha! (virtually always with an exclamation mark) may be used to express mild amusement or merely a polite reaction to something intended to be funny. In modern and informal usage, reduplication tends to be without spaces. See haha for more information on those forms.
Related terms
Translations
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Etymology 3
Onomatopoeic.
Interjection
ha
- Said when making a vigorous attack.
- 1844 September, E.M. Walley, “Eighteen Months in Russia”, in The Covenant: A Monthly Magazine Devoted to the Cause of Odd-fellowship, volume 3, number 9, page 395:
- "That's well. Well," cried he, now for my turn. Ha! a hit! a hit!"
- 1988, Albemarle - Issues 3-7, page 49:
- I hit a cross-court forehand. “Ha ha haa. Great! Say, usin' cross-courts and angles like that is how O'Bramowitts beat Riggs."
- 1999, Mona the Vampire, "Attack of the Living Scarecrow" (season 1, episode 1a):
- Mona: Hee! Ha! Ho! Ha! The brain buffet is closed, buddy! Take that! And this!
- 2008, Sheryl Foulk Rogers-Ramirez, Look What God Did for Our Marriage, page 37:
- Ha! Take that, you ugly, stupid devil, you.
- 2009, Elizabeth George, In Pursuit of the Proper Sinner:
- 'I'm armed, you lot. And if you think you can take me alive . . . Ha! Take that! And that! And that!'
References
- Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “ha”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
Further reading
- “ha”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
Albanian
Etymology
From Proto-Albanian *eda, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed- (“to eat”), with the preservation of the laryngeal.[1] Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew- (compare Ashkun au (“bread”), Sanskrit अवय (āvaya, “to eat”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ha/
Verb
ha (aorist hëngra, participle ngrënë); active voice
- to eat
- 2018 December 19, Helfen aus Dank, “i Samuelit 28:25”, in Bibël, BookRix, →ISBN, page 450:
- I vuri këto ushqime Saulit dhe shërbëtorëve të tij, dhe ata i hëngrën; pastaj u ngritën dhe u nisën po atë natë.
- And she gave them to Saul and his servants, and they ate (them). They got up and departed that same night.
- to gnaw, consume, wear out
- (chess) to capture
Conjugation
- Irregular verb
Show compound tenses:
participle | ngrënë | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | duke ngrënë | ||||||
infinitive | për të ngrënë | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st pers. | 2nd pers. | 3rd pers. | 1st pers. | 2nd pers. | 3rd pers. | ||
indicative | present | ha | ha | ha | hamë | hani | hanë |
imperfect | haja | haje | hante | hanim | hanit | hanin | |
aorist | hëngra | hëngre | hëngri | hëngrëm | hëngrët | hëngrën | |
perfect | kam ngrënë | ke ngrënë | ka ngrënë | kemi ngrënë | keni ngrënë | kanë ngrënë | |
past perfect | kisha ngrënë | kishe ngrënë | kishte ngrënë | kishim ngrënë | kishit ngrënë | kishin ngrënë | |
aorist II | pata ngrënë | pate ngrënë | pati ngrënë | patëm ngrënë | patët ngrënë | patën ngrënë | |
future1 | do të ha | do të hash | do të haje | do të hamë | do të hani | do të hanë | |
future perfect2 | do të kem ngrënë | do të kesh ngrënë | do të ketë ngrënë | do të kemi ngrënë | do të keni ngrënë | do të kenë ngrënë | |
subjunctive | present | të ha | të hash | të haje | të hamë | të hani | të hanë |
imperfect | të haja | të haje | të hante | të hanim | të hanit | të hanin | |
perfect | të kem ngrënë | të kesh ngrënë | të ketë ngrënë | të kemi ngrënë | të keni ngrënë | të kenë ngrënë | |
past perfect | të kisha ngrënë | të kishe ngrënë | të kishte ngrënë | të kishim ngrënë | të kishit ngrënë | të kishin ngrënë | |
conditional1, 2 | imperfect | do të haja | do të haje | do të hante | do të hanim | do të hanit | do të hanin |
past perfect | do të kisha ngrënë | do të kishe ngrënë | do të kishte ngrënë | do të kishim ngrënë | do të kishit ngrënë | do të kishin ngrënë | |
optative | present | ngrënça | ngrënç | ngrëntë | ngrënçim | ngrënçit | ngrënçin |
perfect | paça ngrënë | paç ngrënë | pastë ngrënë | paçim ngrënë | paçit ngrënë | paçin ngrënë | |
admirative | present | ngrënkam | ngrënke | ngrënka | ngrënkemi | ngrënkeni | ngrënkan |
imperfect | ngrënkësha | ngrënkëshe | ngrënkësh | ngrënkëshim | ngrënkëshit | ngrënkëshin | |
perfect | paskam ngrënë | paske ngrënë | paska ngrënë | paskemi ngrënë | paskeni ngrënë | paskan ngrënë | |
past perfect | paskësha ngrënë | paskëshe ngrënë | paskësh ngrënë | paskëshim ngrënë | paskëshit ngrënë | paskëshin ngrënë | |
imperative | present | — | ha | — | — | hani | — |
1) indicative future identical with conditional present 2) indicative future perfect identical with conditional perfect |
References
- Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “ha”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 140
Bahnar
Etymology
From Proto-Bahnaric *haː, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *haʔ; cognate with Khmer ហា (haa) and Vietnamese há.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /haː/
Bilba
Etymology
From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.
Breton
Etymology
From Proto-Brythonic *(h)a, from Proto-Indo-European *ad-gʰe (compare with Cornish ha, Welsh a, ag).
Synonyms
- hag - used before a vowel
Burushaski
Catalan
Chamorro
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(si-)ia, from Proto-Austronesian *(si-)ia. Cognates include Indonesian ia and Hawaiian ia.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hæ/
Usage notes
- ha is used solely as a subject of a transitive verb, while gueʼ is used either as a subject of an intransitive verb or an object of a transitive verb.
- Even when the subject is defined by a noun (either common or proper) , it should be succeeded by ha.
See also
hu-type pronouns | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural inclusive | plural exclusive | |
1st person | hu | ta | in |
2nd person | un | en | |
3rd person | ha | ma | |
yoʼ-type pronouns | |||
singular | plural inclusive | plural exclusive | |
1st person | yoʼ | hit | ham |
2nd person | hao | hamyo | |
3rd person | gueʼ | siha | |
emphatic pronouns | |||
singular | plural inclusive | plural exclusive | |
1st person | guahu | hita | hami |
2nd person | hagu | hamyo | |
3rd person | guiya | siha |
Cornish
Etymology
From Proto-Brythonic *(h)a, from Proto-Indo-European *ad-gʰe (compare with Breton ha, Welsh a, ag).
Conjunction
ha
Synonyms
- (before vowels) hag
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ha/, [hɑ], [ha]
- Rhymes: -ar
Interjection
ha
- ha! (an exclamation of triumph or discovery)
- (onomatopoeia) ha (a representation of laughter), often repeated
East Central German
Further reading
- 2020 June 11, Hendrik Heidler, Hendrik Heidler's 400 Seiten: Echtes Erzgebirgisch: Wuu de Hasen Hoosn haaßn un de Hosen Huusn do sei mir drhamm: Das Original Wörterbuch: Ratgeber und Fundgrube der erzgebirgischen Mund- und Lebensart: Erzgebirgisch – Deutsch / Deutsch – Erzgebirgisch, 3. geänderte Auflage edition, Norderstedt: BoD – Books on Demand, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 56:
Finnish
Etymology
Onomatopoeic.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhɑ/, [ˈhɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -ɑ
- Syllabification(key): ha
Further reading
- “ha”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Anagrams
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ha/
Audio (file)
Pronunciation
- (mute h) IPA(key): /a/
Further reading
- “ha”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Galician
German
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Guaraní
Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai
References
- Werner Winter, Walapai (Hualapai) Texts
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈhɒ]
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -hɒ
Etymology 1
Lexicalization of the h- stem of hogy + -á (lative case suffix). The original form was probably há, where the ending later shortened to -a.[1]
Conjunction
ha
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Onomatopoeic.
Interjection
ha
- (poetic) expressing astonishment, fright, or shock
- (regional) drawing attention to some soft sound
- 1857, János Arany, A walesi bárdok (The Bards of Wales), translated by Péter Zollman:
- Ha, ha! Mi zúg? … mi éji dal / London utcáin ez?
- [untranslated] what is the din / In London's streets so late?
- Ha, ha! Mi zúg? … mi éji dal / London utcáin ez?
- 1857, János Arany, A walesi bárdok (The Bards of Wales), translated by Péter Zollman:
References
- ha in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- (if, whether, when): ha in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (interjection expressing astonishment, fright, or shock): ha in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- ([regional] interjection drawing attention to some soft sound): ha in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Icelandic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /haː/
- Rhymes: -aː
Indonesian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈha/, [ˈha]
Interjection
ha
Synonyms
- hec (Standard Malay)
See also
Further reading
- “ha” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Interlingua
Italian
Alternative forms
- à (obsolete)
Etymology 1
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈa/*, /ˈa/
- Rhymes: -a
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /a/
- Rhymes: -a
- Hyphenation: ha
Further reading
ha in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
Anagrams
Kumeyaay
Latin
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /haː/, [häː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /a/, [äː]
Synonyms
- *acca (Vulgar Latin)
Coordinate terms
References
- Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."
Etymology 2
Onomatopoeic.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ha/, [hä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /a/, [äː]
Latvian
Lower Sorbian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ha/
Mandarin
Romanization
ha
Usage notes
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Maricopa
References
- Lynn Gordon, Maricopa Morphology and Syntax (1986, →ISBN, page 364
Middle English
Neapolitan
Norwegian Bokmål
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hɑː/
Verb
ha (imperative ha, present tense har, simple past hadde, past participle hatt, present participle haende)
Derived terms
References
- “ha” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hɑː/
Verb
ha (present tense har, past tense hadde, past participle hatt, passive infinitive havast, present participle havande, imperative ha)
- to have, to possess, to own
- Eg har ein blå bil. ― I have a blue car.
- (auxiliary) have; Used in forming the perfect aspect and the past perfect aspect.
- Eg har vore her sidan i dag tidleg. ― I have been here since this morning.
- Eg hadde allereie ete. ― I had already eaten.
- (reflexive, colloquial) to have sex
- dei har seg ― they are having sex
- ho har seg med han ― she is having sex with him
References
- “ha” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Irish
Determiner
ha (3rd person possessive) (triggers lenition in the masculine and neuter singular, an unwritten prothetic /h/ in the feminine singular, and eclipsis in the plural)
- Alternative form of a
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, Wb. 6a13
- Is deidbir ha áigthiu, ar is do thabirt díglae berid in claideb sin.
- It is reasonable to fear him [lit. "his fearing is reasonable"], for it is to inflict punishment that he bears that sword.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, Wb. 6a13
Portuguese
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xa.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xâ/
References
- “ha” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Slovene
Etymology
Onomatopoeic.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xáː/, /xá/
References
- “ha”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈa/ [ˈa]
Audio (Colombia): (file) - Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: ha
- Homophone: a
Anagrams
Sumerian
Swedish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hɑː/, (interjection also) /ha/, (verb, unsyncopated) /ˈhɑːˌva/
audio (file)
Etymology 1
Apocopic form of hava, from Old Swedish hava, from Old Norse hafa, from Proto-Germanic *habjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“to take, seize, catch”).
Verb
ha (present har, preterite hade, supine haft, imperative ha)
- (transitive) To have; to possess, or to have as a property; to come into possession of something concrete or abstract.
- John har två katter.
- John has two cats.
- Den slipsen har en fruktansvärd färg.
- That tie has a terrible colour.
- Vi hade riktigt trevligt igår kväll.
- We had a really nice time last night.
- (auxiliary) Used together with the supine form of a verb in the construction of perfect or pluperfect forms
- Jenny har köpt en hund.
- Jenny has bought a dog.
Conjugation
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ha | has | ||
Supine | haft | hafts | ||
Imperative | ha | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | han | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | har | hade | has | hades |
Ind. plural1 | ha | hade | has | hades |
Subjunctive2 | ha | hade | has | hades |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | havande | |||
Past participle | havd | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | hava | havas | ||
Supine | haft | hafts | ||
Imperative | hav | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | haven | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | haver | hade | havs, haves | hades |
Ind. plural1 | hava | hade | havas | hades |
Subjunctive2 | have | hade | haves | hades |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | havande | |||
Past participle | havd | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
Interjection
ha
- ha! (same as the English)
- what?, come again?, I'm sorry?, huh?
- Ha? Vad sade du?
- What? What did you say?
Anagrams
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ha/ [hɐ]
- Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: ha
Etymology 1
Unknown. Possibly from:
Interjection
ha (Baybayin spelling ᜑ)
- (informal) interrogative particle, used to express inquiry
- (informal) speculative particle, used to express doubt, disbelief
- Synonyms: ano?! (“what?!”), a?! / ah?!
- (informal) exclamatory particle, used to express wonder, surprise, excitement
- Synonym: a! / ah!
- (informal) imperative final particle, used to soften requests or commands to have someone do something
- Ganoon, ha?!
- Like that, ok?!
- Kain ka na, ha.
- Eat already, please.
- Tulog na, ha?
- Sleep already, will you?
Etymology 2
Influenced by Baybayin character ᜑ.
See also
Further reading
- “ha”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
- Manuel, E. Arsenio (1948) Chinese elements in the Tagalog language: with some indication of Chinese influence on other Philippine languages and cultures and an excursion into Austronesian linguistics, Manila: Filipiniana Publications, page 101
Tarantino
Turkish
Etymology 1
From Proto-Turkic [Term?] (“yes”). Compare Azerbaijani hə (“yes”), Turkmen hawa (“yes”), Uzbek ha (“yes”), Uyghur ھەئە (he'e, “yes”), Kazakh иә (iä, “yes”), Southern Altai эйе (eye, “yes”), Tatar әйе (äye, “aye, yes, yea”), Bashkir эйе (eye, “yes”), Chuvash ээх (eeh, “yes”).
Alternative forms
Particle
ha
Interjection
ha
- yea, uh-huh; understood, got it
- oh yeah
- Ha, sen bize çay getirecektin.
- Oh yeah, you were going to bring us some tea.
- yes? right? hmm?
- Üniversiteye gidiyorsun, ha?
- You're going to college, right?
- I told you so, there it is
- Ha. Böyle olacağını biliyordum.
- I told you so. I knew this would happen.
- sorry? eh? huh? (What did you say?)
- Ha? Duymadım.
- Huh? I didn't hear.
Synonyms
Noun
ha
- Letter of the Arabic alphabet: ح
Uzbek
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [haː˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [haː˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [haː˧˧]
Particle
ha
- (Southern Vietnam, colloquial) yes?; no?; m'kay?; amirite?
- Đẹp ghê ha ?
- Beautiful, isn't it?
West Frisian
Wutunhua
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ha]
Noun
ha
- Han Chinese
- da niren-men mu hai-la ra cek-de-ge ra da ha ra cek-lio ze-li.
- Then, as for wives, as for taking a wife, [our ancestors] took Chinese [wives] as well.
Derived terms
- hahua (“Chinese language”)
References
- Juha Janhunen, Marja Peltomaa, Erika Sandman, Xiawu Dongzhou (2008) Wutun (LINCOM's Descriptive Grammar Series), volume 466, LINCOM Europa, →ISBN
- Erika Sandman (2016) A Grammar of Wutun, University of Helsinki (PhD), →ISBN
Yola
Etymology 1
From Middle English haven, from Old English habban, from Proto-West Germanic *habbjan.
Alternative forms
Verb
ha (simple past hadh or had or ad)
- have
- OBSERVATIONS BY THE EDITOR, page 16:
- 'cha, for Ich ha, I have.
- 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 84:
- Ha deight ouse var gabble, tell ee zin go t'glade.
- You have put us in talk, 'till the sun goes to set.
- 1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 104:
- Hea pryet ich mought na ha chicke or hen,
- He prayed I might not have chicken nor hen,
- OBSERVATIONS BY THE EDITOR, page 16:
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From Middle English hey, hei, from Old English *hē, ēa (interjection).
Interjection
ha
- hey
- 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 13, page 90:
- Ha-ho! be mee coshes, th'ast ee-pait it, co Joane;
- Hey-ho! by my conscience, you have paid it, quoth John;
Derived terms
References
- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867
Yoruba
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hà/
Interjection
hà!
- what a pity; an interjection used to denote displeasure or disappointment
- Synonym: hàà
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hā/
Verb
ha
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hā/
Verb
ha
- (intransitive, copulative) to shine brightly
- Synonym: là
- òṣùpá ha ― The moon shines brightly
Usage notes
- Always used in the context of moonlight
Derived terms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /há/
Verb
há
Derived terms
- ìhá
- háfún
- hámọ́
- hágágá
- hágádígádí
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /há/
Verb
há
- (transitive) to allocate, to distribute, to share, to divide things (among a group)
- Synonym: pín
- wọ́n há ẹran kálé ― They distributed the meat among the members of the household
Zhuang
Pronunciation
- (Standard Zhuang) IPA(key): /ha˨˦/
- Tone numbers: ha1
- Hyphenation: ha
Particle
ha (1957–1982 spelling ha)
- Used at the end of a sentence to express an imperative.
- Used at the end of a question used as a retort.
- Used after an item when listing.
Zou
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ha˧/
References
- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 65