sina

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sina"

Breton

Verb

sina

  1. to signal

Cebuano

Verb

sina

  1. to envy; to be envious

Estonian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *cinä, from Proto-Uralic *tinä.

Pronoun

sina (genitive sinu, partitive sind)

  1. you (informal, sg)
Usage notes

Singular short forms of cases other than nominative, genitive and the locative cases exist, but they are considered nonstandard or dialectal. For example the short form of the singular comitative would be suga.

Declension
Declension of sina
2nd person singular plural
long short long short
nominative sina sa teie te
genitive sinu su teie te
partitive sind teid
illative sinusse susse teisse
inessive sinus sus teis
elative sinust sust teist
allative sinule sulle teile
adessive sinul sul teil
ablative sinult sult teilt
translative sinuks – teieks teiks
terminative sinuni – teieni –
essive sinuna – teiena –
abessive sinuta – teieta –
comitative sinuga suga teiega –

See also
Estonian personal pronouns
singular plural
long short long short
1st person mina ma meie me
2nd person familiar sina sa teie te
polite Teie Te
3rd person animate tema ta nemad nad
inanimate see need

Etymology 2

From Proto-Finnic *sini. Cognate with Finnish sini.

Noun

sina (genitive sina, partitive sina)

  1. blueness
Declension
Declension of sina (type elu)
singular plural
nominative sina sinad
genitive sina sinade
partitive sina sinasid
illative sinasse sinadesse
inessive sinas sinades
elative sinast sinadest
allative sinale sinadele
adessive sinal sinadel
ablative sinalt sinadelt
translative sinaks sinadeks
terminative sinani sinadeni
essive sinana sinadena
abessive sinata sinadeta
comitative sinaga sinadega

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese sina (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin signa, plural of Latin signum.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈsinɐ]

Noun

sina f (plural sinas)

  1. (archaic) sign
  2. (archaic) emblem

References
  • “sina” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “sina” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
  • “sina” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “sina” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.

Icelandic

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈsɪːna/
  • Rhymes: -ɪːna

Noun

sina f (genitive singular sinu, nominative plural sinur)

  1. withered grass

Declension
declension of sina
f-w1 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative sina sinan sinur sinurnar
accusative sinu sinuna sinur sinurnar
dative sinu sinunni sinum sinunum
genitive sinu sinunnar sina sinanna

Derived terms

Noun

sina f

  1. indefinite genitive plural of sin

Anagrams

Kari'na

Etymology

Compare Apalaí xina, Trió ina.

Pronunciation
  • (Venezuela) IPA(key): [ʃiɲɲa]
  • (Suriname) IPA(key): [ʃiːɲa]

Noun

sina (possessed sinary)

  1. flute

References
  • Courtz, Hendrik (2008) A Carib grammar and dictionary‎, Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, page 369
  • Ahlbrinck, Willem (1931) “sińarï”, in Encyclopaedie der Karaïben, Amsterdam: Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, page 437; republished as Willem Ahlbrinck, Doude van Herwijnen, transl., L'Encyclopédie des Caraïbes‎, Paris, 1956, page 427

Ludian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *cinä.

Pronoun

sina

  1. you (singular)

Old English

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈsiː.nɑ/

Pronoun

sīna

  1. nominative/accusative feminine plural of sīn

Old Norse

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *senawō.

Alternative forms

Noun

sina f (genitive sinu)

  1. cord, tendon, sinew; nerve
Declension
  Declension of sina (weak ōn-stem)
feminine singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative sina sinan sinur sinurnar
accusative sinu sinuna sinur sinurnar
dative sinu sinunni sinum sinunum
genitive sinu sinunnar sina sinanna
Descendants
  • Icelandic: sin
  • Faroese: sin, sina
  • Norn: sin
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: sen, sene
  • Norwegian Bokmål: sen, sene
  • Old Swedish: sina
  • Danish: sene
  • Gutnish: sine

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

sina f (genitive sinu)

  1. whithered grass
Descendants

References
  • “sina”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse sina.

Noun

sina f

  1. cord, tendon, sinew; nerve

Declension
Declension of sina (on-stem)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative sina sinan sinu(r), -o(r) sinuna(r), -ona(r)
accusative sinu, -o sinuna, -ona sinu(r), -o(r) sinuna(r), -ona(r)
dative sinu, -o sinunni, -onne sinum, -om sinumin, -omen
genitive sinu, -o sinunna(r), -onna(r) sina sinanna

Descendants

Polish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈɕi.na/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ina
  • Syllabification: si‧na

Adjective

sina

  1. feminine nominative/vocative singular of siny

Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin signa, from signum. Doublet of senha

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈsĩ.nɐ/
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈsi.na/

  • Hyphenation: si‧na

Noun

sina f (plural sinas)

  1. destiny, fate

Samoan

Adjective

sina

  1. white
  2. grey (referring to hair)

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sěnь.

Noun

sina f (Cyrillic spelling сина)

  1. (Chakavian, Ikavian) shadow; shade

Sidamo
Sina.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈsina/
  • Hyphenation: si‧na

Noun

sina m (singulative sincho m, plural sinna f)

  1. (collective) branches

Declension
Declension of sina (masculine)
unmodified modified
predicative sina
nominative sinu sini
genitive sinu*) sini*)
dative sinaho sinira
accusative sina*)
ablative sinunni sininni
*) Stressed on the final vowel.

References
  • Kazuhiro Kawachi (2007) A grammar of Sidaama (Sidamo), a Cushitic language of Ethiopia, page 345
  • Gizaw Shimelis, editor (2007), “sina”, in Sidaama-Amharic-English dictionary, Addis Ababa: Sidama Information and Culture department

Swahili

Verb

sina

  1. first-person singular present negative of -wa na

Swedish

Alternative forms
  • ſina (obsolete typography)

Pronunciation
  • audio(file)

Pronoun

sina

  1. plural of sin

Declension
Swedish personal pronouns
Number Person Type Nominative Oblique Possessive
common neuter plural
singular first — jag mig, mej3 min mitt mina
second — du dig, dej3 din ditt dina
third masculine (person) han honom, han2, en5 hans
feminine (person) hon henne, na5 hennes
gender-neutral (person)1 hen hen, henom7 hens
common (noun) den den dess
neuter (noun) det det dess
indefinite man or en4 en ens
reflexive — sig, sej3 sin sitt sina
plural first — vi oss vår, våran2 vårt, vårat2 våra
second — ni er er, eran2, ers6 ert, erat2 era
archaic I eder eder, eders6 edert edra
third — de, dom3 dem, dom3 deras
reflexive — sig, sej3 sin sitt sina
1Neologism. Usage has increased since 2010, and has gained widespread acceptance today.
2Informal
4Dialectal, also used lately as an alternative to man, to avoid association to the male gender.
5Informal, somewhat dialectal
6Formal address
7Discouraged by the Swedish Language Council

Verb

sina (present sinar, preterite sinade, supine sinat, imperative sina)

  1. (of a well) to dry up; to cease containing any water
  2. (of a cow or similar) to cease giving milk.
  3. (by extension, of some resource) to run out

Conjugation
Conjugation of sina (weak)
Active Passive
Infinitive sina —
Supine sinat —
Imperative sina —
Imper. plural1 sinen —
Present Past Present Past
Indicative sinar sinade — —
Ind. plural1 sina sinade — —
Subjunctive2 sine sinade — —
Participles
Present participle sinande
Past participle sinad
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Anagrams

Tagalog

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /siˈna/, [sɪˈna]

  • IPA(key): /ˈsina/, [ˈsi.nɐ] (colloquial)
  • Hyphenation: si‧na

Article

siná or sina (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜈ)

  1. (colloquial) plural direct marker placed before names or terms of address of people
    Synonym: (colloquial) sila
    Nandiyan na sina Pedro at Juan. ― Pedro and Juan are already there.

Usage notes
  • 'Sina Pedro at Juan' is a more compact form of 'si Pedro at si Juan'.
  • 'Sina Pedro' refers to Pedro and unspecified others.

See also
Tagalog markers
Direct (ang) Indirect (ng) Oblique (sa)
Common Singular ang ng sa
Plural ang mga ng mga sa mga
Personal Singular si ni kay
Plural / Polite sina nina kina

Anagrams

Xhosa

Verb

-sína

  1. to escape

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zaghawa

Noun

sina

  1. nose

References

Zulu

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *-kɪ́na.

Verb

-sîna

  1. to dance (traditional)
Inflection
Tone HH
Infinitive ukusina
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukusina ukungasini
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular sina -sine
Plural sinani -sineni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyasina, ngisina engisinayo, engisina ngisina angisini engingasini ngingasini
2nd singular uyasina, usina osinayo, osina usina awusini ongasini ungasini
1st plural siyasina, sisina esisinayo, esisina sisina asisini esingasini singasini
2nd plural niyasina, nisina enisinayo, enisina nisina anisini eningasini ningasini
Class 1 uyasina, usina osinayo, osina esina akasini ongasini engasini
Class 2 bayasina, basina abasinayo, abasina besina abasini abangasini bengasini
Class 3 uyasina, usina osinayo, osina usina awusini ongasini ungasini
Class 4 iyasina, isina esinayo, esina isina ayisini engasini ingasini
Class 5 liyasina, lisina elisinayo, elisina lisina alisini elingasini lingasini
Class 6 ayasina, asina asinayo, asina esina awasini angasini engasini
Class 7 siyasina, sisina esisinayo, esisina sisina asisini esingasini singasini
Class 8 ziyasina, zisina ezisinayo, ezisina zisina azisini ezingasini zingasini
Class 9 iyasina, isina esinayo, esina isina ayisini engasini ingasini
Class 10 ziyasina, zisina ezisinayo, ezisina zisina azisini ezingasini zingasini
Class 11 luyasina, lusina olusinayo, olusina lusina alusini olungasini lungasini
Class 14 buyasina, busina obusinayo, obusina busina abusini obungasini bungasini
Class 15 kuyasina, kusina okusinayo, okusina kusina akusini okungasini kungasini
Class 17 kuyasina, kusina okusinayo, okusina kusina akusini okungasini kungasini
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngisinile, ngisinē engisinile, engisinē ngisinile, ngisinē angisinanga engingasinanga ngingasinanga
2nd singular usinile, usinē osinile, osinē usinile, usinē awusinanga ongasinanga ungasinanga
1st plural sisinile, sisinē esisinile, esisinē sisinile, sisinē asisinanga esingasinanga singasinanga
2nd plural nisinile, nisinē enisinile, enisinē nisinile, nisinē anisinanga eningasinanga ningasinanga
Class 1 usinile, usinē osinile, osinē esinile, esinē akasinanga ongasinanga engasinanga
Class 2 basinile, basinē abasinile, abasinē besinile, besinē abasinanga abangasinanga bengasinanga
Class 3 usinile, usinē osinile, osinē usinile, usinē awusinanga ongasinanga ungasinanga
Class 4 isinile, isinē esinile, esinē isinile, isinē ayisinanga engasinanga ingasinanga
Class 5 lisinile, lisinē elisinile, elisinē lisinile, lisinē alisinanga elingasinanga lingasinanga
Class 6 asinile, asinē asinile, asinē esinile, esinē awasinanga angasinanga engasinanga
Class 7 sisinile, sisinē esisinile, esisinē sisinile, sisinē asisinanga esingasinanga singasinanga
Class 8 zisinile, zisinē ezisinile, ezisinē zisinile, zisinē azisinanga ezingasinanga zingasinanga
Class 9 isinile, isinē esinile, esinē isinile, isinē ayisinanga engasinanga ingasinanga
Class 10 zisinile, zisinē ezisinile, ezisinē zisinile, zisinē azisinanga ezingasinanga zingasinanga
Class 11 lusinile, lusinē olusinile, olusinē lusinile, lusinē alusinanga olungasinanga lungasinanga
Class 14 businile, businē obusinile, obusinē businile, businē abusinanga obungasinanga bungasinanga
Class 15 kusinile, kusinē okusinile, okusinē kusinile, kusinē akusinanga okungasinanga kungasinanga
Class 17 kusinile, kusinē okusinile, okusinē kusinile, kusinē akusinanga okungasinanga kungasinanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāsina engāsina ngāsina angisinanga engingasinanga ngingasinanga
2nd singular wāsina owāsina wāsina awusinanga ongasinanga ungasinanga
1st plural sāsina esāsina sāsina asisinanga esingasinanga singasinanga
2nd plural nāsina enāsina nāsina anisinanga eningasinanga ningasinanga
Class 1 wāsina owāsina āsina akasinanga ongasinanga engasinanga
Class 2 bāsina abāsina bāsina abasinanga abangasinanga bengasinanga
Class 3 wāsina owāsina wāsina awusinanga ongasinanga ungasinanga
Class 4 yāsina eyāsina yāsina ayisinanga engasinanga ingasinanga
Class 5 lāsina elāsina lāsina alisinanga elingasinanga lingasinanga
Class 6 āsina āsina āsina awasinanga angasinanga engasinanga
Class 7 sāsina esāsina sāsina asisinanga esingasinanga singasinanga
Class 8 zāsina ezāsina zāsina azisinanga ezingasinanga zingasinanga
Class 9 yāsina eyāsina yāsina ayisinanga engasinanga ingasinanga
Class 10 zāsina ezāsina zāsina azisinanga ezingasinanga zingasinanga
Class 11 lwāsina olwāsina lwāsina alusinanga olungasinanga lungasinanga
Class 14 bāsina obāsina bāsina abusinanga obungasinanga bungasinanga
Class 15 kwāsina okwāsina kwāsina akusinanga okungasinanga kungasinanga
Class 17 kwāsina okwāsina kwāsina akusinanga okungasinanga kungasinanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingasina — ngingasina ngingesine — ngingesine
2nd singular ungasina — ungasina ungesine — ungesine
1st plural singasina — singasina singesine — singesine
2nd plural ningasina — ningasina ningesine — ningesine
Class 1 angasina — engasina angesine — engesine
Class 2 bangasina — bengasina bangesine — bengesine
Class 3 ungasina — ungasina ungesine — ungesine
Class 4 ingasina — ingasina ingesine — ingesine
Class 5 lingasina — lingasina lingesine — lingesine
Class 6 angasina — engasina angesine — engesine
Class 7 singasina — singasina singesine — singesine
Class 8 zingasina — zingasina zingesine — zingesine
Class 9 ingasina — ingasina ingesine — ingesine
Class 10 zingasina — zingasina zingesine — zingesine
Class 11 lungasina — lungasina lungesine — lungesine
Class 14 bungasina — bungasina bungesine — bungesine
Class 15 kungasina — kungasina kungesine — kungesine
Class 17 kungasina — kungasina kungesine — kungesine
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizosina engizosina ngizosina angizusina engingezusina ngingezusina
2nd singular uzosina ozosina uzosina awuzusina ongezusina ungezusina
1st plural sizosina esizosina sizosina asizusina esingezusina singezusina
2nd plural nizosina enizosina nizosina anizusina eningezusina ningezusina
Class 1 uzosina ozosina ezosina akazusina ongezusina engezusina
Class 2 bazosina abazosina bezosina abazusina abangezusina bengezusina
Class 3 uzosina ozosina uzosina awuzusina ongezusina ungezusina
Class 4 izosina ezosina izosina ayizusina engezusina ingezusina
Class 5 lizosina elizosina lizosina alizusina elingezusina lingezusina
Class 6 azosina azosina ezosina awazusina angezusina engezusina
Class 7 sizosina esizosina sizosina asizusina esingezusina singezusina
Class 8 zizosina ezizosina zizosina azizusina ezingezusina zingezusina
Class 9 izosina ezosina izosina ayizusina engezusina ingezusina
Class 10 zizosina ezizosina zizosina azizusina ezingezusina zingezusina
Class 11 luzosina oluzosina luzosina aluzusina olungezusina lungezusina
Class 14 buzosina obuzosina buzosina abuzusina obungezusina bungezusina
Class 15 kuzosina okuzosina kuzosina akuzusina okungezusina kungezusina
Class 17 kuzosina okuzosina kuzosina akuzusina okungezusina kungezusina
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyosina engiyosina ngiyosina angiyusina engingeyusina ngingeyusina
2nd singular uyosina oyosina uyosina awuyusina ongeyusina ungeyusina
1st plural siyosina esiyosina siyosina asiyusina esingeyusina singeyusina
2nd plural niyosina eniyosina niyosina aniyusina eningeyusina ningeyusina
Class 1 uyosina oyosina eyosina akayusina ongeyusina engeyusina
Class 2 bayosina abayosina beyosina abayusina abangeyusina bengeyusina
Class 3 uyosina oyosina uyosina awuyusina ongeyusina ungeyusina
Class 4 iyosina eyosina iyosina ayiyusina engeyusina ingeyusina
Class 5 liyosina eliyosina liyosina aliyusina elingeyusina lingeyusina
Class 6 ayosina ayosina eyosina awayusina angeyusina engeyusina
Class 7 siyosina esiyosina siyosina asiyusina esingeyusina singeyusina
Class 8 ziyosina eziyosina ziyosina aziyusina ezingeyusina zingeyusina
Class 9 iyosina eyosina iyosina ayiyusina engeyusina ingeyusina
Class 10 ziyosina eziyosina ziyosina aziyusina ezingeyusina zingeyusina
Class 11 luyosina oluyosina luyosina aluyusina olungeyusina lungeyusina
Class 14 buyosina obuyosina buyosina abuyusina obungeyusina bungeyusina
Class 15 kuyosina okuyosina kuyosina akuyusina okungeyusina kungeyusina
Class 17 kuyosina okuyosina kuyosina akuyusina okungeyusina kungeyusina
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngisine ngingasini
2nd singular usine ungasini
1st plural sisine singasini
2nd plural nisine ningasini
Class 1 asine angasini
Class 2 basine bangasini
Class 3 usine ungasini
Class 4 isine ingasini
Class 5 lisine lingasini
Class 6 asine angasini
Class 7 sisine singasini
Class 8 zisine zingasini
Class 9 isine ingasini
Class 10 zisine zingasini
Class 11 lusine lungasini
Class 14 busine bungasini
Class 15 kusine kungasini
Class 17 kusine kungasini
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngasina ngangasina, angasina, angangasina
2nd singular wasina wangasina, awasina, awangasina
1st plural sasina sangasina, asasina, asangasina
2nd plural nasina nangasina, anasina, anangasina
Class 1 wasina wangasina, akasina, akangasina
Class 2 basina bangasina, abasina, abangasina
Class 3 wasina wangasina, awasina, awangasina
Class 4 yasina yangasina, ayasina, ayangasina
Class 5 lasina langasina, alasina, alangasina
Class 6 asina angasina, awasina, awangasina
Class 7 sasina sangasina, asasina, asangasina
Class 8 zasina zangasina, azasina, azangasina
Class 9 yasina yangasina, ayasina, ayangasina
Class 10 zasina zangasina, azasina, azangasina
Class 11 lwasina lwangasina, alwasina, alwangasina
Class 14 basina bangasina, abasina, abangasina
Class 15 kwasina kwangasina, akwasina, akwangasina
Class 17 kwasina kwangasina, akwasina, akwangasina
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *-kéna (“show teeth”).

Verb

-sina

  1. to grin
  2. to snarl
Inflection
Tone L
Infinitive ukusina
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukusina ukungasini
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular sina -sine
Plural sinani -sineni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyasina, ngisina engisinayo, engisina ngisina angisini engingasini ngingasini
2nd singular uyasina, usina osinayo, osina usina awusini ongasini ungasini
1st plural siyasina, sisina esisinayo, esisina sisina asisini esingasini singasini
2nd plural niyasina, nisina enisinayo, enisina nisina anisini eningasini ningasini
Class 1 uyasina, usina osinayo, osina esina akasini ongasini engasini
Class 2 bayasina, basina abasinayo, abasina besina abasini abangasini bengasini
Class 3 uyasina, usina osinayo, osina usina awusini ongasini ungasini
Class 4 iyasina, isina esinayo, esina isina ayisini engasini ingasini
Class 5 liyasina, lisina elisinayo, elisina lisina alisini elingasini lingasini
Class 6 ayasina, asina asinayo, asina esina awasini angasini engasini
Class 7 siyasina, sisina esisinayo, esisina sisina asisini esingasini singasini
Class 8 ziyasina, zisina ezisinayo, ezisina zisina azisini ezingasini zingasini
Class 9 iyasina, isina esinayo, esina isina ayisini engasini ingasini
Class 10 ziyasina, zisina ezisinayo, ezisina zisina azisini ezingasini zingasini
Class 11 luyasina, lusina olusinayo, olusina lusina alusini olungasini lungasini
Class 14 buyasina, busina obusinayo, obusina busina abusini obungasini bungasini
Class 15 kuyasina, kusina okusinayo, okusina kusina akusini okungasini kungasini
Class 17 kuyasina, kusina okusinayo, okusina kusina akusini okungasini kungasini
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngisinile, ngisinē engisinile, engisinē ngisinile, ngisinē angisinanga engingasinanga ngingasinanga
2nd singular usinile, usinē osinile, osinē usinile, usinē awusinanga ongasinanga ungasinanga
1st plural sisinile, sisinē esisinile, esisinē sisinile, sisinē asisinanga esingasinanga singasinanga
2nd plural nisinile, nisinē enisinile, enisinē nisinile, nisinē anisinanga eningasinanga ningasinanga
Class 1 usinile, usinē osinile, osinē esinile, esinē akasinanga ongasinanga engasinanga
Class 2 basinile, basinē abasinile, abasinē besinile, besinē abasinanga abangasinanga bengasinanga
Class 3 usinile, usinē osinile, osinē usinile, usinē awusinanga ongasinanga ungasinanga
Class 4 isinile, isinē esinile, esinē isinile, isinē ayisinanga engasinanga ingasinanga
Class 5 lisinile, lisinē elisinile, elisinē lisinile, lisinē alisinanga elingasinanga lingasinanga
Class 6 asinile, asinē asinile, asinē esinile, esinē awasinanga angasinanga engasinanga
Class 7 sisinile, sisinē esisinile, esisinē sisinile, sisinē asisinanga esingasinanga singasinanga
Class 8 zisinile, zisinē ezisinile, ezisinē zisinile, zisinē azisinanga ezingasinanga zingasinanga
Class 9 isinile, isinē esinile, esinē isinile, isinē ayisinanga engasinanga ingasinanga
Class 10 zisinile, zisinē ezisinile, ezisinē zisinile, zisinē azisinanga ezingasinanga zingasinanga
Class 11 lusinile, lusinē olusinile, olusinē lusinile, lusinē alusinanga olungasinanga lungasinanga
Class 14 businile, businē obusinile, obusinē businile, businē abusinanga obungasinanga bungasinanga
Class 15 kusinile, kusinē okusinile, okusinē kusinile, kusinē akusinanga okungasinanga kungasinanga
Class 17 kusinile, kusinē okusinile, okusinē kusinile, kusinē akusinanga okungasinanga kungasinanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāsina engāsina ngāsina angisinanga engingasinanga ngingasinanga
2nd singular wāsina owāsina wāsina awusinanga ongasinanga ungasinanga
1st plural sāsina esāsina sāsina asisinanga esingasinanga singasinanga
2nd plural nāsina enāsina nāsina anisinanga eningasinanga ningasinanga
Class 1 wāsina owāsina āsina akasinanga ongasinanga engasinanga
Class 2 bāsina abāsina bāsina abasinanga abangasinanga bengasinanga
Class 3 wāsina owāsina wāsina awusinanga ongasinanga ungasinanga
Class 4 yāsina eyāsina yāsina ayisinanga engasinanga ingasinanga
Class 5 lāsina elāsina lāsina alisinanga elingasinanga lingasinanga
Class 6 āsina āsina āsina awasinanga angasinanga engasinanga
Class 7 sāsina esāsina sāsina asisinanga esingasinanga singasinanga
Class 8 zāsina ezāsina zāsina azisinanga ezingasinanga zingasinanga
Class 9 yāsina eyāsina yāsina ayisinanga engasinanga ingasinanga
Class 10 zāsina ezāsina zāsina azisinanga ezingasinanga zingasinanga
Class 11 lwāsina olwāsina lwāsina alusinanga olungasinanga lungasinanga
Class 14 bāsina obāsina bāsina abusinanga obungasinanga bungasinanga
Class 15 kwāsina okwāsina kwāsina akusinanga okungasinanga kungasinanga
Class 17 kwāsina okwāsina kwāsina akusinanga okungasinanga kungasinanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingasina — ngingasina ngingesine — ngingesine
2nd singular ungasina — ungasina ungesine — ungesine
1st plural singasina — singasina singesine — singesine
2nd plural ningasina — ningasina ningesine — ningesine
Class 1 angasina — engasina angesine — engesine
Class 2 bangasina — bengasina bangesine — bengesine
Class 3 ungasina — ungasina ungesine — ungesine
Class 4 ingasina — ingasina ingesine — ingesine
Class 5 lingasina — lingasina lingesine — lingesine
Class 6 angasina — engasina angesine — engesine
Class 7 singasina — singasina singesine — singesine
Class 8 zingasina — zingasina zingesine — zingesine
Class 9 ingasina — ingasina ingesine — ingesine
Class 10 zingasina — zingasina zingesine — zingesine
Class 11 lungasina — lungasina lungesine — lungesine
Class 14 bungasina — bungasina bungesine — bungesine
Class 15 kungasina — kungasina kungesine — kungesine
Class 17 kungasina — kungasina kungesine — kungesine
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizosina engizosina ngizosina angizusina engingezusina ngingezusina
2nd singular uzosina ozosina uzosina awuzusina ongezusina ungezusina
1st plural sizosina esizosina sizosina asizusina esingezusina singezusina
2nd plural nizosina enizosina nizosina anizusina eningezusina ningezusina
Class 1 uzosina ozosina ezosina akazusina ongezusina engezusina
Class 2 bazosina abazosina bezosina abazusina abangezusina bengezusina
Class 3 uzosina ozosina uzosina awuzusina ongezusina ungezusina
Class 4 izosina ezosina izosina ayizusina engezusina ingezusina
Class 5 lizosina elizosina lizosina alizusina elingezusina lingezusina
Class 6 azosina azosina ezosina awazusina angezusina engezusina
Class 7 sizosina esizosina sizosina asizusina esingezusina singezusina
Class 8 zizosina ezizosina zizosina azizusina ezingezusina zingezusina
Class 9 izosina ezosina izosina ayizusina engezusina ingezusina
Class 10 zizosina ezizosina zizosina azizusina ezingezusina zingezusina
Class 11 luzosina oluzosina luzosina aluzusina olungezusina lungezusina
Class 14 buzosina obuzosina buzosina abuzusina obungezusina bungezusina
Class 15 kuzosina okuzosina kuzosina akuzusina okungezusina kungezusina
Class 17 kuzosina okuzosina kuzosina akuzusina okungezusina kungezusina
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyosina engiyosina ngiyosina angiyusina engingeyusina ngingeyusina
2nd singular uyosina oyosina uyosina awuyusina ongeyusina ungeyusina
1st plural siyosina esiyosina siyosina asiyusina esingeyusina singeyusina
2nd plural niyosina eniyosina niyosina aniyusina eningeyusina ningeyusina
Class 1 uyosina oyosina eyosina akayusina ongeyusina engeyusina
Class 2 bayosina abayosina beyosina abayusina abangeyusina bengeyusina
Class 3 uyosina oyosina uyosina awuyusina ongeyusina ungeyusina
Class 4 iyosina eyosina iyosina ayiyusina engeyusina ingeyusina
Class 5 liyosina eliyosina liyosina aliyusina elingeyusina lingeyusina
Class 6 ayosina ayosina eyosina awayusina angeyusina engeyusina
Class 7 siyosina esiyosina siyosina asiyusina esingeyusina singeyusina
Class 8 ziyosina eziyosina ziyosina aziyusina ezingeyusina zingeyusina
Class 9 iyosina eyosina iyosina ayiyusina engeyusina ingeyusina
Class 10 ziyosina eziyosina ziyosina aziyusina ezingeyusina zingeyusina
Class 11 luyosina oluyosina luyosina aluyusina olungeyusina lungeyusina
Class 14 buyosina obuyosina buyosina abuyusina obungeyusina bungeyusina
Class 15 kuyosina okuyosina kuyosina akuyusina okungeyusina kungeyusina
Class 17 kuyosina okuyosina kuyosina akuyusina okungeyusina kungeyusina
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngisine ngingasini
2nd singular usine ungasini
1st plural sisine singasini
2nd plural nisine ningasini
Class 1 asine angasini
Class 2 basine bangasini
Class 3 usine ungasini
Class 4 isine ingasini
Class 5 lisine lingasini
Class 6 asine angasini
Class 7 sisine singasini
Class 8 zisine zingasini
Class 9 isine ingasini
Class 10 zisine zingasini
Class 11 lusine lungasini
Class 14 busine bungasini
Class 15 kusine kungasini
Class 17 kusine kungasini
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngasina ngangasina, angasina, angangasina
2nd singular wasina wangasina, awasina, awangasina
1st plural sasina sangasina, asasina, asangasina
2nd plural nasina nangasina, anasina, anangasina
Class 1 wasina wangasina, akasina, akangasina
Class 2 basina bangasina, abasina, abangasina
Class 3 wasina wangasina, awasina, awangasina
Class 4 yasina yangasina, ayasina, ayangasina
Class 5 lasina langasina, alasina, alangasina
Class 6 asina angasina, awasina, awangasina
Class 7 sasina sangasina, asasina, asangasina
Class 8 zasina zangasina, azasina, azangasina
Class 9 yasina yangasina, ayasina, ayangasina
Class 10 zasina zangasina, azasina, azangasina
Class 11 lwasina lwangasina, alwasina, alwangasina
Class 14 basina bangasina, abasina, abangasina
Class 15 kwasina kwangasina, akwasina, akwangasina
Class 17 kwasina kwangasina, akwasina, akwangasina

References
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