See also:
U+9019, 這
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9019

[U+9018]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+901A]

Translingual

Stroke order
11 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

(Kangxi radical 162, +7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜卜一口 (YYMR), four-corner 30306, composition )

Derived characters

  • 𥳅 𬰊 𰫲 𰫎 𰧟 𤡖

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1258, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38889
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1743, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3844, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+9019

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ŋrans) : semantic (walk) + phonetic (OC *ŋan).

The character was originally a verb meaning “to meet”, whose modern pronunciation is yàn. It was later borrowed for the proximal demonstrative “this/here”, by a confusion in medieval handwriting with (zhē, “this”).

Etymology 1

trad.
simp.
alternative forms
 
archaic
archaic
archaic
archaic
(liá; yá) Hakka
archaic
archaic
archaic
archaic
(liá; yá) Hakka
(liá; yá) Hakka
(chit) Hokkien
(chit) Hokkien

First attested in the Tang dynasty; etymology unclear. Proposed etymologies:

  • From (OC *tjaːʔ, “one which”) (Lü, 1985). Wang (1990) notes that always occurs after what is referred to, where as always before.
    (OC *tjaːʔ, “one which”) > (MC tsyaeX, “this (possessive case)”) > (MC tsyaeX, “this (general demonstrative)”) > Mandarin (zhè).
  • From (OC *tjɯ, “this; it”) (Wang, 1990). Norman (1988) notes that this derivation would be phonologically problematic.

Pronunciation


Note: zhèi - colloquial contraction of (zhèyī), used when it is followed by classifier or numeral + classifier.
Note: ze3, ze5 - rare.
Note:
  • ché, zê3 - literary;
  • liá/yá, gê3/ê3 - may be etymologically unrelated to the Mandarin readings.

Definitions

  1. this; these
       Kàn zhè běn shū.   Read this book.
    故事 [MSC, trad.]
    故事 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè shì yī ge lǎo gùshì. [Pinyin]
    This is an old story.
  2. Synonym of 這樣这样 (like this; such)
    不行不行   Zhè kě bùxíng!   This is not okay!
  3. at this moment; right away; at once
       zhè jiù qù.   I'll go now.
  4. here
  5. Used before words for insults to add emphasis.
    這個傻逼这个傻逼   zhège shǎbī   you fucking idiot
  6. filler particle usually used when the speaker is tongue-tied.
  7. meaningless particle in a sentence.
Synonyms
Antonyms
  • (, “that, those”)

Compounds

Etymology 2

trad.
simp.

Original meaning of this character. It is part of the (OC *ŋaŋ, *ŋraŋs, “to face, to meet”) word family; see there for more.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (31)
Final () (79)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter ngjenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋˠiᴇnH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋᵚiɛnH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋiænH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋianH/
Li
Rong
/ŋjɛnH/
Wang
Li
/ŋĭɛnH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ŋi̯ɛnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jin6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 14270
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ŋrans/
Notes

Definitions

  1. to welcome; to greet; to receive

Japanese

Kanji

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. crawl, creep, grovel
  2. this

Readings

From Middle Chinese (MC ngjenH, “to receive”):

From Mandarin (zhè, this):

Compounds

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese; compare Mandarin (zhè).

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕɘ(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

(eumhun (i jeo))

  1. Hanja form? of (this; that). [affix]
Usage notes
  • The original meaning is "this". In certain words, it has been conflated with native Korean (jeo, that).
Compounds

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese (MC ngjenH).

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɘ(ː)n]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

(eumhun 맞을 (majeul eon))

  1. Hanja form? of (to greet). [only in Chinese]
Usage notes
  • Used only in the reading of Classical Chinese; no Korean word appears to use this hanja.

Middle Korean

Glyph origin

Simplified from (edge), used as hungaja for similarly pronounced ᄀᆞᆺ〯 (kǒs, edge).

Noun

(kàs) (hangeul )

  1. Idu script spelling of (kàs, kind, variety)

Usage notes

  • Probably only found as reduplicated 這這, Idu spelling of the adverb 갓갓 (kàs-kàs, of each kind).

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: giá, gió

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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