里

Stroke order

Hong Kong, Taiwan

Stroke order

Stroke order (Taiwan)

里 (Kangxi radical 166, 里+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 田土 (WG), four-corner 6010₄, composition ⿱田土)

1. Kangxi radical #166, ⾥.

• Appendix:Chinese radical/里
• 俚, 𠗔, 哩, 埋, 娌, 𢃇, 悝, 捚, 浬, 狸 (貍), 䧉, 𩧹, 𨓦, 梩, 𭮔, 𤖃, 理 (理), 𥚃, 瓼, 𭻕, 𥆼, 𥓄, 裡 (裏), 粴, 䋥, 𦎐, 𦓵, 𦕸, 艃, 𧋎, 𧻲, 𨁫, 鋰 (锂), 𪱁, 𩳓, 𭧰, 鯉 (鲤)
• 𨛋, 𥆤, 𮭧, 𫙣, 𭴬, 黒, 𧚣, 𠫶, 𪜽, 𫭬, 荲, 童, 𠹈, 𩭇, 𨴻, 𪟯, 厘, 㢆, 㾖, 廛, 黙, 𰀓

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1291, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40131
• Dae Jaweon: page 1791, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3680, character 1
• Unihan data for U+91CC
• Unihan data for U+F9E9

Historical forms of the character 里
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 田 (“field”) + 土 (“soil; earth”) – a measure of land and fields; mile; place.

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/g-wa (“village”) (STEDT). Cognate with 丘 (OC *kʰʷɯ) "hill, mound" & 街 (OC *kreː, *kreː) "road crossing, street"; outsides Sinitic, cognate with Mizo khua (“village”), Lai khûa (“village, cosmos”), Burmese ရွာ (rwa, “village”); Schuessler (2007) also proposes cognacy with Tibetan ར་བ (ra ba, “fence, enclosure, wall, pen”) by pointing to a semantic parallel between English town and German Zaun (“fence”).

Alternatively, possibly related to 理 (lǐ) "to divide into equal sections", yet Schuessler also noted that early Chinese villages were not systematically planned and platted.

里

1. li (a unit of distance equal to half a kilometre in modern Mainland China)

   公里  ―  gōnglǐ  ―  kilometre

2. neighbourhood (formal or informal grouping of adjacent dwellings; the size vary according to different historical sources)

   鄰里／邻里  ―  línlǐ  ―  neighbours

3. urban village (an administrative unit in the Republic of China)
4. village (an administrative unit in South Korea and North Korea)
5. lane (a type of road in Hong Kong)
6. a surname

Others:

• English: li

里

1. (Xiang) Particle indicating the word preceding it is used as an adverb.

• (chiefly Mandarin) 地 (de)

• “里”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

• Go-on: り (ri, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: り (ri, Jōyō)
• Kun: さと (sato, 里, Jōyō); みちのり (michinori, 里)
• Nanori: か (ka); さ (sa); さとし (satoshi); と (to); のり (nori)

⟨sato₁⟩ → */satʷo/ → /sato/

From Old Japanese,[1][2] from Proto-Japonic *sato.

Ultimately derivation unknown. Theories include a compound of either 小 (sa-, “short”) or 狭 (sa-, “narrow”) + 所 (to, “place”) or 戸 (to, “door”). Other theories have been suggested but are unlikely.[1]

• (village, hometown): 郷

• (Tokyo) さと [sàtó] (Heiban – [0])[3][4]
• IPA^(key): [sa̠to̞]

里(さと) • (sato) 

1. a village

   Synonyms: 村 (mura), 村里 (murazato)

2. a country house
3. one's hometown

   Synonyms: 田舎 (inaka), 故郷 (kokyō)

4. the country, countryside
5. the original home of a household member (such as a wife, adoptee, or other person who has joined the household from outside)
6. a separate home or boarding situation to which one's own children are sent for upbringing or education
7. a red-light district

   Synonym: 遊里 (yūri)

8. one's birth, parentage, origins
9. (slang, red-light district) boorishness, hickishness
10. the lay world (as opposed to life within a temple)
11. (uncommon, historical, obsolete) Same as り (ri) below

里(さと) • (sato) -na (adnominal 里(さと)な (sato na), adverbial 里(さと)に (sato ni))

1. (slang, red-light district) boorish, hickish

里(さと) • (Sato) 

1. a placename
2. a surname
3. a female given name

From Middle Chinese 里 (MC liX).

Compare modern Chinese 里 (lǐ).

• (Tokyo) り​ [ríꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])[3][4]
• IPA^(key): [ɾʲi]

里(り) • (ri) 

1. a unit of distance:
   1. under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, defined as equal to 300 歩 (bu) or 1500 尺 (shaku)
   2. from the early modern until the end of the Edo period, defined as equal to 36 町 (chō), approximately between 3.6 to 4.2 kilometers
   3. from the mid-Meiji period, defined as equal to ^129,600⁄₃₃ meters, approximately 3.927 kilometers or 2.44 miles
2. (historical) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, a unit of area for regional administration, equal to 50 戸 (ko, “houses”)

• 英(えい)里(り) (eiri, “mile”)
• 海(かい)里(り) (kairi, “nautical mile”)

里(り) • (ri) 

1. village

Various nanori readings. Perhaps the satoshi reading is from 聡い (satoi, “clever”, from earlier satoshi), while the zato is a voiced rendaku (連濁) version of sato above. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

里(さとし) • (Satoshi) 

1. a male given name

里(ざと) • (Zato) 

1. a placename

里 (eumhun 마을 리 (ma'eul ri), South Korea 마을 이 (ma'eul i))

1. Hanja form^? of 리 (“village”).
2. Hanja form^? of 리 (“a li, a Korean "mile" of about 393 m”).

• 이장 (里長, ijang, “head of a (typically rural) village”)
• 천리마 (千里馬, cheollima, “Chollima, thousand-li horse”)

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

• On (unclassified): り (ri, Jōyō)
• Kun: さとぅ (satu)

From Proto-Ryukyuan *sato, from Proto-Japonic *sato (“hamlet”). The original "hamlet" sense is now only found in place names.

• (Shuri) さ​とぅ [sáꜜtù] (Kakō – [1])[1]
• IPA^(key): [satu]

里(さとぅ) (satu) 

1. (literary or poetic) beau, lover

   月も眺めたいでかやう立ち戻ら、里やわが宿に待ちゆらだいもの

   tsichi-n nagamitai dikayo tachimudura, satu-ya waga yadu ni muchura demunu

   I also want to look at the moon, so come on, let's go. My darling shall be waiting at the house.

Used from a woman to a man. The term for a homeland is 親の家 (uya nu ya), and the term for a village is either 島 (shima) or 村 (mura).

From Middle Chinese 里 (MC liX). Possibly from Japanese.

里(り) (-ri) 

1. a unit of distance:
   1. under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, defined as equal to 300 Japanese 歩 (bu) or 1500 Japanese 尺 (shaku)
   2. from the early modern until the end of the Edo period, defined as equal to 36 Japanese 町 (chō), approximately between 3.6 to 4.2 kilometers
   3. from the mid-Meiji period, defined as equal to ^129,600⁄₃₃ meters, approximately 3.927 kilometers or 2.44 miles

• 郷

From Proto-Japonic *sato.

Unknown. Theories include a compound of either 小 (sa-, “short”) or 狭 (sa-, “narrow”) + 所 (to₁ or to₂, “place”) or 戸 (to₁, “door”). Other theories have been suggested but are unlikely.[1][2]

里 (sato₁) (kana さと)

1. a village
   • 711–712, Kojiki, Second scroll, Emperor Suinin:

     於是、圓野比賣慚言「同兄弟之中、以姿醜被還之事、聞於隣里、是甚慚。」而、到山代國之相樂時、取懸樹枝而欲死、故號其地謂懸木、今云相樂。

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 15, poem 3782:

     安麻其毛理毛能母布等伎爾保等登芸須和我須武佐刀爾伎那伎等余母須

     amago₂mori mo₂no₂'mopu to₂ki₁ ni poto₂to₂gi₁su waga sumu sato₁ ni ki₁naki₁to₂yo₂mosu

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system:
   1. a unit of area for regional administration, defined as equal to 50 戸 (ko, “houses”)
   2. a unit of distance, defined as equal to 300 歩 (bu) or 1500 尺 (shaku)
3. one's home of birth
   • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 6, poem 1026:

     百礒城乃大宮人者今日毛鴨暇无跡里爾不出將有

     momosiki no₂ opomi₁yapi₁to₂ pa ke₁pu mo ka mo ito₂ma wo nami₁to₂ sato₁ ni idezu aramu

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

4. one's hometown
   • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 12, poem 3134:

     里離遠有莫國草枕旅登之思者尚戀來

     sato₁ panare to₂poku aranaku ni kusamakura tabi₁ to₂ si omopeba napo ko₁pi₂nike₁ri

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

• 里人 (sato₁bi₁to₂)
• ふるさと (purusato₁)
• 小里 (wosato₁)

• Japanese: 里 (さと, sato)

里: Hán Việt readings: lý[1][2], lí[3]
里: Nôm readings: lý[2][4], lái[1], rưới[1], trẻ[1], lia[2], lí[3], lịa[3]

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.