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Japanese
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Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [to̞]
Etymology 1
Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 止 in the cursive sōsho style.
Syllable
と • (to)
Derived terms
- ど (do)
See also
Particle
と • (to)
- with
- (when between nouns) and
- と can be attached to both nouns, but this is no longer common. Compare Korean 과 (-gwa), which also used to have this phenomenon.
- 彼女は英語とフランス語（と）が話せる。
- Kanojo wa eigo to furansugo (to) ga hanaseru.
- She can speak English and French.
- それとこれ。
- Sore to kore.
- That and this.
- 犬と猫（と）を私は飼っている。
- Inu to neko (to) o watashi wa katteiru.
- I keep the dog and the cat.
- a particle following a phrase or clause describing the detail, content or manner of the action, similar to a complement.
- if (when appended to a dictionary-form verb and followed by a present-tense sentence)
- when (when appended to a dictionary form verb and followed by a past-tense sentence)
Usage notes
- と (to) in the sense of "and" can only be used to conjoin nouns; not verbs or sentences. They are joined by conjugation.
- と (to) in the sense of "and" implies that the list is complete. In the above sentence, the subject only speaks English and French. To imply other items, the particles とか (toka) or や (ya) are used in lieu of と (to). The particle など (nado, “etc., and so on”) can be appended to a list of nouns conjoined by と to imply that there are other items on the list.
- と (to) in the sense of "if" can be interchangeable with the conditional particles ば (ba) and たら (tara)/なら (nara) if the conditionals describe a hypothetical effect of an action.
- When と (to) is used in the meaning "when" it implies that the action following と happened abruptly. See とき (toki).
Derived terms
Noun
と • (to)
Etymology 4
| For pronunciation and definitions of と – see the following entries. | ||
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| (This term, と, is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) For a list of all kanji read as と, see Category:Japanese kanji read as と.) |
Etymology 5
| For pronunciation and definitions of と – see the following entries. | ||
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| (This term, と, is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) For a list of all kanji read as と, see Category:Japanese kanji read as と.) |
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