とも

See also: ども and 𪜈

Japanese

Particle

とも • (tomo) 

  1. : all, both
    ケーキは(ふた)とも()べた。
    Kēki wa futatsu tomo tabeta.
    I have eaten both of the cakes.
    (ふた)()とも()た。
    Futari tomo itta.
    Both of them went.
    (こん)()ともよろしくお(ねが)いいたします。
    Kongo tomo yoroshiku onegai itashimasu.
    Hereafter, please keep me in mind.

Etymology 2

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[1]

Ultimately derived from a compound of (to, case particle) + (mo, special auxiliary particle).[1][2]

Particle

とも • (tomo) 

  1. of course (as a particle used at the end of the sentence, which shows strong assertion)
    (かなら)ずやるとも
    Kanarazu yaru tomo.
    I will do it, I assure you.

Particle

とも • (to mo) 

  1. also with (see )
    (べつ)(とも)(だち)とも()た。
    Betsu no tomodachi to mo itta.
    I also went with a different friend as well.
  2. also (called, to be said, etc.; see )
    (みょう)()(しょう)ともいう
    “Myōgishō” to mo iu.
    Also called the Myōgishō.
    「ふいんき」とも()ます。
    “Fuinki” to mo yomimasu.
    Also read as ‘fuinki’.
    (しゅ)(じん)(こう)とも()人物(じんぶつ)
    Shujinkō to mo ieru jinbutsu.
    A person whom one might also say is the protagonist.
    (ふる)は「ラヂオ」とも(ひょう)()
    Furuku wa “rajio” to mo hyōki.
    Formerly also written as ‘radio’.
    (いっ)(せつ)には()(さつ)とも
    Issetsu ni wa jisatsu to mo.
    Alternatively theorized to be a suicide.
  3. (literary) even if
    Synonym: ても (-te mo)
    明日(あす)()とも()いは()し。
    Asu wa naku to mo kui wa nashi.
    Even if tomorrow will not come, I have no regrets.
    明日(あす)()のうとも(さい)()まで(たたか)うのだ。
    Asu wa shinō to mo saigo made tatakau no da.
    Even if I die tomorrow, I will fight until the end.
See also

Etymology 4

Alternative spellings

Extension of and cognate with (tomo, same, together).[3]

Pronunciation

Noun

とも • (tomo) 

  1. friend, companion, comrade, pal
  2. member of the same category

References

  1. とも”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten) (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. とも”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  3. Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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