日本

This appellation comes from imperial correspondence between the Chinese Sui Dynasty and Japan, and refers to the eastward position of Japan relative to China.

日本

1. Japan (a country and archipelago in East Asia)

   日本電視劇／日本电视剧  ―  Rìběn diànshìjù  ―  Japanese TV drama

Others (incomplete list):

• → Lao: ຍີ່ປຸ່ນ (nyī pun)
• → Malay: Jepang, Jepun (via Teochew)
  • Indonesian: Jepang, Jepun
  • → Dutch: Japan
  • ⇒ Portuguese: Japão
    • ⇒ English: Japan
• → Manchu: ᡰᡳ
  ᠪᡝᠨ (ži ben)
• → Thai: ญี่ปุ่น (yîi-bpùn)
• → Tibetan: ཇི་བེན (ji ben)
• → Wutunhua: reben
• → Zhuang: Yizbwnj

• 日劇／日剧 (rìjù)
• 日語／日语 (Rìyǔ)
• 日文 (Rìwén)
• 日 (rì) (abbreviation)

/nitɨpoɴ/ → /nip̚poɴ/ → /niɸoɴ/ → /nihoɴ/

Coined in Japan of Sinic elements, as compound of 日 (nichi, “sun”) +‎ 本 (hon, “origin”) and literally meaning "origin of the sun". The hon element was apparently pronounced /poɴ/ when first coined. Over time, the initial /p/ lenited, becoming /ɸ/ as shown in the Nifon entry in the 1603 Nippo Jisho ("Japanese-Portuguese Dictionary").[1] This then became the /h/ sound in modern Japanese.[2][3]

In older texts, this was read as kun'yomi as 日の本 (Hinomoto). The on'yomi readings Nippon and Nihon became more common in the Heian period, with both persisting into modern use.[3] The Nihon reading appears to be the most common in everyday Japanese usage.[4]

This may be related to the famous letter from Prince Shōtoku to Emperor Yang of Sui sent via the Japanese mission to Sui China in 607, wherein we see the first mention of Japan as the Land of the Rising Sun, and a description of China as Land of the Setting Sun:

日出處天子致書日沒處天子無恙云云 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

---

日出处天子致书日没处天子无恙云云 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

rì chū chù tiānzǐ zhìshū rì méi chù tiānzǐ wúyàng yúnyún [Pinyin]

...the son of heaven of the land of the rising sun sends a letter to the son of heaven of the place where the sun sets, for good health and so on.

日出處／日出处 (literally “sun + emerge + place”) here refers to Japan, while 日沒處／日没处 (literally “sun + sink + place”) refers to China.

• (Tokyo) にほ​ん [nìhóꜜǹ] (Nakadaka – [2])[5][6]
• IPA^(key): [ɲ̟ihõ̞ɴ]

• Audio

  (file)

日(に)本(ほん) • (Nihon) 

1. Short for 日本国 (Nihon-koku): Japan (a country and archipelago in East Asia)
   • 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho, page 463:

     Nifon ニホン (日本) 日本.

     Nifon ニホン (日本) 日本.

     Nifon. Land of the rising sun.

2. a surname

• → Translingual: nihonium
  • → Japanese: ニホニウム

/nitɨpoɴ/ → /nip̚poɴ/

Phonetic variant of Nihon above, maintaining the /p/ sound.

• (Tokyo) にっぽ​ん [nìppóꜜǹ] (Nakadaka – [3])[5][6]
• IPA^(key): [ɲ̟ip̚põ̞ɴ]

• Audio

  (file)

日(にっ)本(ぽん) • (Nippon) 

1. Short for 日本国 (Nippon-koku, “Japan”).
   • 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho, page 466:

     Nippon ニッポン（日本） Fino moto. (日の本) 日本.

     Nippon ニッポン（日本） Fino moto. (日の本) 日本.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 1998 November 30 [1990 November 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, のび太(た)とアニマル惑星(プラネット) [Nobita and the Animal Planet] (大長編ドラえもん; 10), 22nd edition, volume 10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 27:

     ぼくらは日本(にっぽん)からきたんだけど…。

     Bokura wa Nippon kara kita n da kedo….

     We’re from Japan, by the way….

     ニッポン？きいたことない。

     Nippon? Kiita koto nai.

     Japan? I’ve never heard of that before.

2. a surname

• Nippon is the official reading of 日本, although Nihon is also acknowledged.
• In everyday conversation, Nihon is more common.
• Politically, Nippon appears to be correlated with right-wing groups, and Nihon with left-wing groups.

• → English: Nippon (noun)
• → French: Nippon (noun), nippon (adjective)
• → Lingua Franca Nova: Nion (noun), nion (adjective)
• → Indonesian: Nippon (noun)
• → Klingon: nIpon (noun)

*/zitʉpon/ → /zip̚pon/ → /ʑip̚pon/

Uses the kan'on reading jitsu for 日, as compared to the goon reading nichi. First appears in texts from the early 1600s,[2] notably the 1603 Japanese-Portuguese dictionary Nippo Jisho. Probably influenced by European-language terminology for the country,[2][3] such as Portuguese Japão or Dutch Japan, in turn arising from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún) via Malay Jepun, or from Teochew 日本 (Ji̍k-púng) via Indonesian Malay Jepang.

• (Tokyo) じっぽ​ん [jìppóꜜǹ] (Nakadaka – [3])
• IPA^(key): [d͡ʑip̚põ̞ɴ]

日(じっ)本(ぽん) • (Jippon) 

1. (archaic) Japan
   • 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho, page 365:

     Iippon ジッポン (日本) Fino moto. (日の本) 東洋. すなわち、日本.
     [Note:The quoted ii in iippon is the 16th century Portuguese romanization representing [ji].]

     Iippon ジッポン (日本) Fino moto. (日の本) 東洋. すなわち、日本.
     [Note:The quoted ii in iippon is the 16th century Portuguese romanization representing [ji].]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

• 本(ほん)日(じつ) (honjitsu)

日本 • (Ilbon) (hangeul 일본)

1. Hanja form^? of 일본 (“Japan”).

The kanji spelling is influenced by 日の本 (pi₁ no₂ mo₍₂₎to₂).

日本 (Yamato₂) (kana やまと)

1. Alternative spelling of 大和 (Yamato₂): Yamato, ancient name of Japan

• 日本武尊 (Yamato₂ Takeru no₂ mi₁ko₂to₂)
• 大日本 (Opoyamato₂)

日本

1. chữ Hán form of Nhật Bản (“Japan”).