See also: and と゚

U+3069, ど
HIRAGANA LETTER DO
Composition: [U+3068] + [U+3099]

[U+3068]
Hiragana
[U+306A]

Japanese

Stroke order
4 strokes

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [do̞]

Etymology 1

The hiragana character (to) with a dakuten ().

Syllable

• (do) 

  1. The hiragana syllable (do). Its equivalent in katakana is (do).
See also

Etymology 2

Appears to be a relatively recent innovation. In mainstream Japanese, this prefix is used as an intensifier. In the Kansai region, the meaning has further developed to convey more negative overtones.[1][2]

The ultimate derivation is unclear. This may be an extension of the noun (do, degree, extent).

Prefix

or • (do-) 

  1. super-
    あほ
    do-aho
    dumbass
Derived terms
  • どストライク (do-sutoraiku)
  • ()(なか) (do-mannaka, exact center; bullseye)
  • 根性(こんじょう) (do-konjō)

Etymology 3

Reading of various kanji characters.

Noun

• (do) 

  1. : degree, extent
  2. : the third of the Eight Principles of Yong

Prefix

• (do-) 

  1. : indeterminate prefix, used to form question words such as 何れ (dore, which, literally which one) or 何処 (doko, where, literally what place)

Suffix

• (-do) 

  1. : (geometry) degree of an angle; degree in temperature; number of times; percentage of alcohol concentration

Etymology 4

From Old Japanese.

Suffix

• (-do) 

  1. (archaic, poetic, formal) Attaches to the verb stem, specifically the stem form ending in -e for type 1 verbs. This verb stem is called the 仮定形 (kateikei, hypothetical form) in Modern Japanese, and the 已然形 (izenkei, realis form) in Classical Japanese. Used to express the contrasting hypothetical condition conjunction: even if, even when
  2. (archaic, poetic, formal) Attaches to the verb stem, specifically the stem form ending in -e for type 1 verbs. This verb stem is called the 仮定形 (kateikei, hypothetical form) in Modern Japanese, and the 已然形 (izenkei, realis form) in Classical Japanese. Used to indicate something is the case irrespective of something else: even though, even as
Usage notes
Derived terms

References

  1. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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