g
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Translingual
See also
Pronunciation
IPA (file)
Translations
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Gallery
- Uppercase and lowercase versions of G, in normal and italic type
- Uppercase and lowercase G in Fraktur
See also
The template Template:Letter does not use the parameter(s): Character=G7Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
Other representations of G:
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English
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /d͡ʒiː/
Audio (US) (file) Audio (UK) (file)
- Homophone: gee
- (letter name) Rhymes: -iː
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ɡ/, /d͡ʒ/
Letter
See also
Number
g (lower case, upper case G)
Etymology 2
Abbreviations.
Noun
g (countable and uncountable, plural gs)
- (physics) A unit of gravitational acceleration.
- Abbreviation of gram.
- (chiefly US) Abbreviation of grand (“thousand (dollars, pounds etc.)”).
- Alternative form: G
- (Internet slang) Abbreviation of grin; often enclosed in * * or < > to indicate that the user is grinning.
- 2007 May 12, FastWolf, “Re: Re: i like paris hilton (off topic, am i ever on topic?)”, in alt.drugs.hard (Usenet), message-ID <ft2d43t7k9injhqvlhfssg5c8n89eejim3@4ax.com>:
- Call me old fashioned, but the cyberdong virtual dildo just didn't do it for me. […] PS= Does that make the cyberdong a dildon't? ... okay I apologize <g>
Derived terms
Multiple parts of speech
g
- (stenoscript) Abbreviation of go and inflections goes, going, gone
- (stenoscript) The sounds /ɡ, ŋɡ, ŋ/
- (stenoscript) The suffix -ing
Chipewyan
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /k/
Dutch
Pronunciation
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -eː
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ɣeː/
Noun
g (lower case, upper case G)
Esperanto
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ɡo/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ɡ/
Audio (file)
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G)
Faroese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /k/
Finnish
Etymology 1
The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and g for information on the development of the glyph itself.
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G)
Usage notes
- Used only in loanwords except for ng [ŋː].
See also
Etymology 2
Usage notes
Capitalized for the great octave or any octave below that, or in names of major keys; not capitalized for the small octave or any octave above that, or in names of minor keys.
Declension
Declension of g (type maa)
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French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʒe/
Audio (file)
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G)
Symbol
g
- (physics) g
- (text messaging slang) Abbreviation of j’ai (“I have”).
- g pas dfric ― i don't have any cash
Fula
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡ/
Gothic
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- (phoneme): IPA(key): [ˈɡ]
- (letter name): IPA(key): [ˈɡeː]
Audio (file)
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G)
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | g | g-k |
accusative | g-t | g-ket |
dative | g-nek | g-knek |
instrumental | g-vel | g-kkel |
causal-final | g-ért | g-kért |
translative | g-vé | g-kké |
terminative | g-ig | g-kig |
essive-formal | g-ként | g-kként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | g-ben | g-kben |
superessive | g-n | g-ken |
adessive | g-nél | g-knél |
illative | g-be | g-kbe |
sublative | g-re | g-kre |
allative | g-hez | g-khez |
elative | g-ből | g-kből |
delative | g-ről | g-kről |
ablative | g-től | g-ktől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
g-é | g-ké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
g-éi | g-kéi |
Possessive forms of g | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | g-m | g-im |
2nd person sing. | g-d | g-id |
3rd person sing. | g-je | g-i |
1st person plural | g-nk | g-ink |
2nd person plural | g-tek | g-itek |
3rd person plural | g-jük | g-ik |
Derived terms
See also
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
Etymology 2
Abbreviation of gramm (“gram”).
Declension
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | g | g-ok |
accusative | g-ot | g-okat |
dative | g-nak | g-oknak |
instrumental | g-mal | g-okkal |
causal-final | g-ért | g-okért |
translative | g-má | g-okká |
terminative | g-ig | g-okig |
essive-formal | g-ként | g-okként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | g-ban | g-okban |
superessive | g-on | g-okon |
adessive | g-nál | g-oknál |
illative | g-ba | g-okba |
sublative | g-ra | g-okra |
allative | g-hoz | g-okhoz |
elative | g-ból | g-okból |
delative | g-ról | g-okról |
ablative | g-tól | g-októl |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
g-é | g-oké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
g-éi | g-okéi |
Possessive forms of g | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | g-om | g-jaim |
2nd person sing. | g-od | g-jaid |
3rd person sing. | g-ja | g-jai |
1st person plural | g-unk | g-jaink |
2nd person plural | g-otok | g-jaitok |
3rd person plural | g-juk | g-jaik |
Further reading
- (sound, letter, and abbreviation): g in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (musical note and its key): g in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Icelandic
Pronunciation
- (letter name) IPA(key): /cɛː/
Ido
Indonesian
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ɡe/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ɡ/
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G)
Italian
Japanese
For pronunciation and definitions of g – see the following entry. | ||
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(This term, g, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Kashubian
Etymology
The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and g for development of the glyph itself.
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G)
Latvian
Etymology
Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɡ]
(file) |
Livonian
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /ɡ/
Malay
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G)
Maltese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡ/
- IPA(key): /k/ (per final devoicing or assimilation to a following voiceless obstruent)
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G)
Norwegian
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ɡeː/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ɡ/, /k/, /j/, /ʃ/, /ɪ/
Audio (file)
Usage notes
- When g is written before j, they merge together and create the sound of y in you.
- G is sometimes pronounced like the s in sugar in words of French origin, like genre, due to the fact that Norwegian lacks the voiced palato-alveolar sibilant [ʒ].
- In eastern and nothern dialects, g at the end of pronouns is pronounced like the y in boy. In western and southern dialects, the g is pronounced like g in great.
- When g is written before t, it is pronounced like the k in king.
- In Norwegian runic inscriptions from 17-19 centuries this letter is usually written as ᚵ.
Polish
Etymology
The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and g for development of the glyph itself.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡ/, or IPA(key): /k/ if devoiced
Letter
g (upper case G, lower case)
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (letter name) (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈʒe/
Audio (BR) (file)
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G)
- The seventh letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
- 2003, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix [Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix] (Harry Potter; 5), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 75:
- Não o perdoou por abandonar o serviço em vez de seguir você.
- She didn't forgive him for abandoning his service instead of following you.
Romani
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡ/
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G)
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).
Romanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡ/, /dʒ/
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G)
Usage notes
See G for pronunciation notes.
Silesian
Etymology
The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and g for development of the glyph itself.
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G)
Skolt Sami
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /ɡ/
Slovene
Etymology
From Gaj's Latin alphabet g, from Czech alphabet g, from Latin g. Pronunciation as /ɡə/ is initial Slovene (phoneme plus a fill vowel) and the second pronunciation is probably taken from German g.
Pronunciation
- Phoneme
• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): /ɡ/, [k], SNPT: /g/, [k] |
• (colloquial): IPA(key): /ɡ/, [k], [x], SNPT: /g/, [k], [h] • (Most Littoral and Rovte dialects, part of Upper Carniolan dialects) IPA(key): /ɣ/, [x], SNPT: /ɣ/, [h] |
Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.
- Letter name
• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [ˈɡə̂], [ˈɡêː], [ˈɡěː], SNPT: [gə̏], [gẹ̄] • (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): [ˈɡə], [ˈɡeː], SNPT: [gə̀], [gé],
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• (Most Littoral and Rovte dialects, part of Upper Carniolan dialects) IPA(key): [ˈɣə̂], [ˈɣêː], [ˈɣěː], SNPT: [ɣə̏], [ɣẹ̄],
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Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.
• Rhymes: -ə, -eː (ə̀, é) (non-tonal)
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Letter
g (lower case, upper case G)
Inflection
- Overall more common
First masculine declension (soft o-stem, inanimate) , fixed accent, -j- infix | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | g | ||
gen. sing. | g-ja | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative imenovȃlnik |
g | g-ja | g-ji |
genitive rodȋlnik |
g-ja | g-jev | g-jev |
dative dajȃlnik |
g-ju, g-ji | g-jema | g-jem |
accusative tožȋlnik |
g | g-ja | g-je |
locative mẹ̑stnik |
g-ju, g-ji | g-jih | g-jih |
instrumental orọ̑dnik |
g-jem | g-jema | g-ji |
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
g | g-ja | g-ji |
- More common when with a definite adjective
Third masculine declension (no endings) , fixed accent | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | g | ||
gen. sing. | g | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative imenovȃlnik |
g | g | g |
genitive rodȋlnik |
g | g | g |
dative dajȃlnik |
g | g | g |
accusative tožȋlnik |
g | g | g |
locative mẹ̑stnik |
g | g | g |
instrumental orọ̑dnik |
g | g | g |
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
g | g | g |
- Dialectal, in common written language used till 19th century
First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate) , -j- infix | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | g | ||
gen. sing. | g-ja | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative imenovȃlnik |
g | g-ja | g-ji |
genitive rodȋlnik |
g-ja | g-jov | g-jov |
dative dajȃlnik |
g-ju, g-ji | g-joma | g-jom |
accusative tožȋlnik |
g | g-ja | g-je |
locative mẹ̑stnik |
g-ju, g-ji | g-jih | g-jih |
instrumental orọ̑dnik |
g-jom | g-joma | g-ji |
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
g | g-ja | g-ji |
See also
Further reading
- “g”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (phoneme) /ɡ/, [ɣ̞], /x/
- IPA(key): (letter name) /ˈxe/ [ˈxe]
- (Castilian)
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -e
- (Castilian)
Swedish
Pronunciation
- Letter name
- IPA(key): /ɡeː/
- Phoneme
- IPA(key): /ɡ/, /j/, /ɧ/
- Homophone: j (in some positions)
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog)
- IPA(key): /ˈdji/ [ˈd͡ʒi] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
- Rhymes: -i
- IPA(key): /ˈɡa/ [ˈɡa] (letter name, Abakada alphabet)
- Rhymes: -a
- IPA(key): /ˈhe/ [ˈhɛ] (letter name, Abecedario)
- Rhymes: -e
- IPA(key): /ɡ/ [ɡ] (phoneme)
- IPA(key): /ɡ/ [ɣ] (phoneme, intervocalic)
- IPA(key): /d͡ʒ/ [d͡ʒ] (phoneme, followed by e or i, English unadapted loanwords)
- IPA(key): /h/ [h] (phoneme, followed by e or i, Spanish unadapted loanwords)
- IPA(key): /s/ [s] (phoneme, followed by e or i, Spanish unadapted loanwords, obsolete)
- IPA(key): /ˈdji/ [ˈd͡ʒi] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G, Baybayin spelling ᜇ᜔ᜌᜒ)
- The seventh letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called dyi and written in the Latin script.
See also
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G, Baybayin spelling ᜄ)
- The sixth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abakada alphabet), called ga and written in the Latin script.
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G, Baybayin spelling ᜑᜒ)
- (historical) The eighth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called ge and written in the Latin script.
See also
Further reading
- “g”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Turkish
Pronunciation
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ɡ/, /ɟ/
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ɟeː/
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G)
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [ze˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [jej˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [jej˧˧]
- Phonetic: giêThe template Template:vi-IPA does not use the parameter(s):
2=gờ 3=gờ đơn
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
See also
- (Quốc ngữ letters) chữ cái; A a (À à, Ả ả, Ã ã, Á á, Ạ ạ), Ă ă (Ằ ằ, Ẳ ẳ, Ẵ ẵ, Ắ ắ, Ặ ặ), Â â (Ầ ầ, Ẩ ẩ, Ẫ ẫ, Ấ ấ, Ậ ậ), B b, C c (Ch ch), D d, Đ đ, E e (È è, Ẻ ẻ, Ẽ ẽ, É é, Ẹ ẹ), Ê ê (Ề ề, Ể ể, Ễ ễ, Ế ế, Ệ ệ), G g (Gh gh, Gi gi), H h, I i (Ì ì, Ỉ ỉ, Ĩ ĩ, Í í, Ị ị), K k (Kh kh), L l, M m, N n (Ng ng, Ngh ngh, Nh nh), O o (Ò ò, Ỏ ỏ, Õ õ, Ó ó, Ọ ọ), Ô ô (Ồ ồ, Ổ ổ, Ỗ ỗ, Ố ố, Ộ ộ), Ơ ơ (Ờ ờ, Ở ở, Ỡ ỡ, Ớ ớ, Ợ ợ), P p (Ph ph), Q q (Qu qu), R r, S s, T t (Th th, Tr tr), U u (Ù ù, Ủ ủ, Ũ ũ, Ú ú, Ụ ụ), Ư ư (Ừ ừ, Ử ử, Ữ ữ, Ứ ứ, Ự ự), V v, X x, Y y (Ỳ ỳ, Ỷ ỷ, Ỹ ỹ, Ý ý, Ỵ ỵ)
Noun
g
- Contraction of -ương.
- lương → lg
- work pay
Welsh
Pronunciation
- (standard) IPA(key): /ɛɡ/
- (informal) IPA(key): /ɡə/
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G)
Mutation
- G at the beginning of words is omitted in a soft mutation, mutates to Ng in a nasal mutation and is unchanged by aspirate mutation, for example with the word gorsaf (“station”):
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
gorsaf | orsaf | ngorsaf | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
See also
- (Latin-script letters) llythyren; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ä ä), B b, C c, Ch ch, D d, Dd dd, E e (É é, È è, Ê ê, Ë ë), F f, Ff ff, G g, Ng ng, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Î î, Ï ï), J j, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ô ô, Ö ö), P p, Ph ph, R r, Rh rh, S s, T t, Th th, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, Ü ü), W w (Ẃ ẃ, Ẁ ẁ, Ŵ ŵ, Ẅ ẅ), Y y (Ý ý, Ỳ ỳ, Ŷ ŷ, Ÿ ÿ)
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “g”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Yoruba
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G)
See also
- (Latin-script letters) lẹ́tà; A a (Á á, À à, Ā ā), B b, D d, E e (É é, È è, Ē ē), Ẹ ẹ (Ẹ́ ẹ́, Ẹ̀ ẹ̀, Ẹ̄ ẹ̄), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Ī ī), J j, K k, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ō ō), Ọ ọ (Ọ́ ọ́, Ọ̀ ọ̀, Ọ̄ ọ̄), P p, R r, S s, Ṣ ṣ, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Ū ū), W w, Y y
- (Benin) (Latin-script letters) lɛ́tà; A a, B b, D d, E e, Ɛ ɛ, F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i, J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ɔ ɔ, P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, U u, W w, Y y
Zulu
Letter
g (lower case, upper case G)