眾人

See also: 众人

Chinese

	numerous; multitude; crowd	man; person; people
trad. (眾人/衆人)	眾/衆	人
simp. (众人)	众	人
alternative forms	眾儂／众侬 Min vernacular 衆𠆧／众𠆧 Eastern Min vernacular

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhòngrén

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄖㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zung³ jan⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chung-ngìn
Eastern Min (BUC): cé̤ṳng-nè̤ng / cé̤ṳng-ìng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chèng-lâng / chiòng-jîn / chiòng-lîn

(Teochew, Peng'im): zêng³ nang⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhòngrén
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄖㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhòngrén
  - Wade–Giles: chung⁴-jên²
  - Yale: jùng-rén
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jonqren
  - Palladius: чжунжэнь (čžunžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zung³ jan⁴
  - Yale: jung yàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzung³ jan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: zung³ yen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ³³ jɐn²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chung-ngìn
  - Hakka Romanization System: zung nginˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zung⁴ ngin²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cé̤ṳng-nè̤ng / cé̤ṳng-ìng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ nˡøyŋ⁵³/, /t͡syŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^(Ø-)ŋiŋ⁵³/

Note:

cé̤ṳng-nè̤ng - vernacular;
cé̤ṳng-ìng - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèng-lâng
  - Tâi-lô: tsìng-lâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zeanglaang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ laŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ laŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ laŋ²³/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiòng-jîn
  - Tâi-lô: tsiòng-jîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciorngjiin
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ zin²³/
- (Hokkien: Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiòng-lîn
  - Tâi-lô: tsiòng-lîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciorngliin
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ lin²⁴/

Note:

Taiwan:
- chèng-lâng - vernacular;
- chiòng-jîn/chiòng-lîn - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zêng³ nang⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsèng nâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡seŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/

Note: zêng3 nang5 - vernacular.

Middle Chinese: tsyuwngH nyin

Rime
Character	眾	人
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	東 (2)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	之仲切	如鄰切
Baxter	tsyuwngH	nyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨuŋ^H/	/ȵiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiuŋ^H/	/ȵin/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiuŋ^H/	/ȵʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuwŋ^H/	/ȵin/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiuŋ^H/	/ȵiĕn/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭuŋ^H/	/ȵʑĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯uŋ^H/	/ȵʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhòng	rén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung³	jan⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tuŋ-s ni[ŋ]/

(Zhengzhang): /*tjuŋs njin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	眾	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhòng	rén
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyuwng^H ›	‹ nyin ›
Old Chinese	/*tuŋ-s/	/*ni[ŋ]/
English	numerous	(other) person
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	眾	人
Reading #	2/2	1/1
No.	17491	10800
Phonetic component	衆	人
Rime group	終	眞
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	衆	仁
Old Chinese	/*tjuŋs/	/*njin/
Notes	甲文象日下三人，金文或改目下，表衆人在監督下勞作

Noun

眾人

everybody; everyone
眾人的眼光／众人的眼光 ― zhòngrén de yǎnguāng ― all eyes; public gaze
- 舉世皆濁我獨清，眾人皆醉我獨醒。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  举世皆浊我独清，众人皆醉我独醒。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE
  Jǔshì jiē zhuó wǒ dú qīng, zhòngrén jiē zuì wǒ dú xǐng. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
(Classical) normal people; ordinary people; commoner
- 君子之所為，眾人固不識也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  君子之所为，众人固不识也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE
  Jūnzǐ zhī suǒ wèi, zhòngrén gù bù shí yě. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
(Classical, historical) serf (in the Shang and Zhou dynasties)
- 命我眾人，庤乃錢鎛。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  命我众人，庤乃钱镈。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Mìng wǒ zhòngrén, zhì nǎi qiánbó. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

(everybody):

一體／一体 (yītǐ)
人人 (rénrén)
儕儕／侪侪 (Hakka)
各人 (gèrén)
大夥／大伙 (dàhuǒ) (colloquial)
大家
大家夥／大家伙 (dàjiāhuǒ) (colloquial)
所有人 (suǒyǒurén)
所有的人 (suǒyǒu de rén)
每人 (měirén)
每儕／每侪 (Hakka)
逐人 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
逐個／逐个 (Hokkien)
逐儕／逐侪 (Hakka)
逐股 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)

(normal people):

一般人 (yībānrén)
世人 (shìrén)
世間人／世间人 (Hokkien)
人士 (rénshì) (literary)
人民 (rénmín)
人群 (rénqún)
人萌 (rénméng) (literary)
俗人 (súrén)
俗子 (súzǐ) (literary)
𫣆人 (Hakka)
兆民 (zhàomín) (archaic)
公眾／公众 (gōngzhòng)
凡人 (fánrén)
凡夫 (fánfū) (literary)
匹夫 (pǐfū) (literary)
四眾人／四众人 (Teochew)
士人 (shìrén) (archaic)
大眾／大众 (dàzhòng)
子民 (zǐmín) (historical)
家人 (jiārén) (archaic)
布衣 (bùyī) (historical)
常人 (chángrén)
平人 (píngrén) (literary)
平常人 (píngchángrén)
平民 (píngmín)
庶人 (shùrén) (literary)
庶民 (shùmín) (literary)
斯人 (sīrén) (Classical Chinese)
普通人 (pǔtōngrén)
民人 (mínrén) (literary)
民眾／民众 (mínzhòng)
烝民 (zhēngmín) (literary)
白衣 (báiyī) (historical)
白衣人 (báiyīrén) (historical)
白身 (báishēn) (archaic)
白身人 (báishēnrén) (archaic)
百姓
萬姓／万姓 (wànxìng) (archaic)
群眾／群众 (qúnzhòng)
老百姓 (lǎobǎixìng)
良人 (liángrén) (literary)
草民 (cǎomín) (the worthless ordinary people)
草菅 (cǎojiān) (Classical Chinese, figurative)
草野 (cǎoyě) (literary, figurative)
萌 (literary)
野人 (yěrén) (archaic)
黎庶 (líshù) (literary)
黎民 (límín) (literary)
黎首 (líshǒu) (archaic)
黔首 (qiánshǒu) (archaic)

Derived terms

一人不敵眾人智／一人不敌众人智
牆倒眾人推／墙倒众人推 (qiáng dǎo zhòngrén tuī)
眾人代／众人代
眾人國士／众人国士
眾人廣坐／众人广坐
眾人拾柴火焰高／众人拾柴火焰高
眾人知／众人知

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (眾人):

→ Japanese: 衆(しゅう)人(じん) (shūjin)
→ Korean: 중인(眾人) (jung'in)

Pronunciation 2

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chèng-lâng / chiòng-lâng

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèng-lâng
  - Tâi-lô: tsìng-lâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zeanglaang
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ laŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiòng-lâng
  - Tâi-lô: tsiòng-lâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciornglaang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ¹³/

Adverb

眾人

(Southern Min) in public

Synonyms

當眾／当众 (dāngzhòng)
(Hokkien) 當眾人面／当众人面

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