凡人

Chinese

		ordinary; every; all ordinary; every; all; whatever; worldly	man; person; people
simp. and trad. (凡人)		凡	人

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fánrén

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˊ ㄖㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): faan⁴ jan⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fàm-ngìn
Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): huam⁵ ring⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fánrén
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˊ ㄖㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fánrén
  - Wade–Giles: fan²-jên²
  - Yale: fán-rén
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: farnren
  - Palladius: фаньжэнь (fanʹžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän³⁵ ʐən³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    凡人
    煩人／烦人
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: faan⁴ jan⁴
  - Yale: fàahn yàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faan⁴ jan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: fan⁴ yen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn²¹ jɐn²¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    凡人
    煩人／烦人
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fàm-ngìn
  - Hakka Romanization System: famˇ nginˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fam² ngin²
  - Sinological IPA: /fam¹¹ ŋin¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: huam⁵ ring⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huâm jîng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziŋ⁵⁵/

Noun

凡人

ordinary person; average person; common people
mortal

Synonyms

(ordinary person):

一般人 (yībānrén)
世人 (shìrén)
世間人／世间人 (Hokkien)
人士 (rénshì) (literary)
人民 (rénmín)
人群 (rénqún)
人萌 (rénméng) (literary)
俗人 (súrén)
俗子 (súzǐ) (literary)
𫣆人 (Hakka)
兆民 (zhàomín) (archaic)
公眾／公众 (gōngzhòng)
凡夫 (fánfū) (literary)
匹夫 (pǐfū) (literary)
四眾人／四众人 (Teochew)
士人 (shìrén) (archaic)
大眾／大众 (dàzhòng)
子民 (zǐmín) (historical)
家人 (jiārén) (archaic)
布衣 (bùyī) (historical)
常人 (chángrén)
平人 (píngrén) (literary)
平常人 (píngchángrén)
平民 (píngmín)
庶人 (shùrén) (literary)
庶民 (shùmín) (literary)
斯人 (sīrén) (Classical Chinese)
普通人 (pǔtōngrén)
民人 (mínrén) (literary)
民眾／民众 (mínzhòng)
烝民 (zhēngmín) (literary)
白衣 (báiyī) (historical)
白衣人 (báiyīrén) (historical)
白身 (báishēn) (archaic)
白身人 (báishēnrén) (archaic)
百姓
眾人／众人 (zhòngrén) (literary)
萬姓／万姓 (wànxìng) (archaic)
群眾／群众 (qúnzhòng)
老百姓 (lǎobǎixìng)
良人 (liángrén) (literary)
草民 (cǎomín) (the worthless ordinary people)
草菅 (cǎojiān) (Classical Chinese, figurative)
草野 (cǎoyě) (literary, figurative)
萌 (literary)
野人 (yěrén) (archaic)
黎庶 (líshù) (literary)
黎民 (límín) (literary)
黎首 (líshǒu) (archaic)
黔首 (qiánshǒu) (archaic)

(mortal):

世人 (shìrén)
人世間的人／人世间的人 (rénshìjiān de rén)
俗骨 (súgǔ) (figurative)
塵世間的人／尘世间的人 (chénshìjiān de rén)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
凡	人
ぼん Grade: S	にん Grade: 1
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese compound 凡人 (bjom nyin). Compare modern Hakka reading fàm-ngìn.

The goon, so likely the initial borrowing.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ぼんにん [bòńníń] (Heiban – [0])[1]
IPA^(key): [bõ̞ɲ̟ɲ̟ĩɴ]

Noun

凡(ぼん)人(にん) • (bonnin)

an ordinary person
a commoner, someone who is not nobility

Usage notes

This reading appears to be somewhat less common than bonjin below.

The ordinary sense of this term is somewhat negative, with overtones of mediocre, unremarkable, lackluster.

Synonyms

(ordinary person): 凡人(ぼんじん) (bonjin) (see below); 凡夫(ぼんぶ) (bonbu) (Buddhist overtones; used more in writing)
(commoner): 平民(へいみん) (heimin): a commoner; 臣下(しんか) (shinka): a commoner, a subject

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
凡	人
ぼん Grade: S	じん Grade: 1
on’yomi

Shift in pronunciation from bonnin above, using the kan'on reading of jin for 人.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ぼんじん [bòńjíń] (Heiban – [0])[1]
IPA^(key): [bõ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑĩɴ]

Noun

凡(ぼん)人(じん) • (bonjin)

an ordinary person
a commoner, someone who is not nobility

Usage notes

This appears to be the more common reading.

The ordinary sense of this term is somewhat negative, with overtones of mediocre, unremarkable, lackluster.

Synonyms

(ordinary person): 凡人(ぼんにん) (bonnin) (see above); 凡夫(ぼんぶ) (bonbu) (Buddhist overtones; used more in writing)
(commoner): 平民(へいみん) (heimin): a commoner; 臣下(しんか) (shinka): a commoner, a subject

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “ordinary person”): 偉人(いじん) (ijin): a magnificent person

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
凡	人
はん Grade: S	じん Grade: 1
on’yomi

Shift in pronunciation from bonnin or bonjin above, using the kan'on reading for both characters.

This reading appears in use by the 有職家 (yūsokuka, “people well acquainted with the rites and ceremonies of the imperial court and nobility”).[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [hã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑĩɴ]

Noun

凡(はん)人(じん) • (hanjin)

(rare, possibly obsolete) an ordinary person, a commoner

Usage notes

The hanjin reading is the least common.

References

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

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[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[KDJ-2] Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN