sopio

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *swep- (“to sleep”).

Pronunciation

Verb

sōpiō (present infinitive sōpīre, perfect active sōpīvī or sōpiī, supine sōpītum); fourth conjugation

  1. (transitive) to deprive of feeling
  2. (transitive) to lull to sleep, put to sleep
    Synonym: sēdō
  3. (transitive) to render unconscious, knock out
  4. (figuratively, transitive) to kill
    Synonyms: necō, obtruncō, caedō, interficiō, trucīdō, tollō, peragō, percutiō, interimō, perimō, iugulō, cōnficiō, occīdō, ēnecō, dēiciō, absūmō, cōnsūmō
  5. (figuratively, transitive) to quiet, calm, soothe
    Synonyms: domō, lēniō, sēdō, dēlēniō, mītigō, plācō, mānsuēscō, mānsuētō, restinguō, commītigō, compōnō, levō, ēlevō, allevō, alleviō, sileō, molliō
    Antonyms: sollicitō, excitō, īnstīgō, īnstinguō, efferō, exciō, perpellō, concieō, concitō, īnflammō, cieō, incendō

Conjugation
   Conjugation of sōpiō (fourth conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present sōpiō sōpīs sōpit sōpīmus sōpītis sōpiunt
imperfect sōpiēbam sōpiēbās sōpiēbat sōpiēbāmus sōpiēbātis sōpiēbant
future sōpiam sōpiēs sōpiet sōpiēmus sōpiētis sōpient
perfect sōpīvī,
sōpiī		 sōpīvistī,
sōpiistī		 sōpīvit,
sōpiit		 sōpīvimus,
sōpiimus		 sōpīvistis,
sōpiistis		 sōpīvērunt,
sōpīvēre,
sōpiērunt,
sōpiēre
pluperfect sōpīveram,
sōpieram		 sōpīverās,
sōpierās		 sōpīverat,
sōpierat		 sōpīverāmus,
sōpierāmus		 sōpīverātis,
sōpierātis		 sōpīverant,
sōpierant
future perfect sōpīverō,
sōpierō		 sōpīveris,
sōpieris		 sōpīverit,
sōpierit		 sōpīverimus,
sōpierimus		 sōpīveritis,
sōpieritis		 sōpīverint,
sōpierint
passive present sōpior sōpīris,
sōpīre		 sōpītur sōpīmur sōpīminī sōpiuntur
imperfect sōpiēbar sōpiēbāris,
sōpiēbāre		 sōpiēbātur sōpiēbāmur sōpiēbāminī sōpiēbantur
future sōpiar sōpiēris,
sōpiēre		 sōpiētur sōpiēmur sōpiēminī sōpientur
perfect sōpītus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect sōpītus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect sōpītus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present sōpiam sōpiās sōpiat sōpiāmus sōpiātis sōpiant
imperfect sōpīrem sōpīrēs sōpīret sōpīrēmus sōpīrētis sōpīrent
perfect sōpīverim,
sōpierim		 sōpīverīs,
sōpierīs		 sōpīverit,
sōpierit		 sōpīverīmus,
sōpierīmus		 sōpīverītis,
sōpierītis		 sōpīverint,
sōpierint
pluperfect sōpīvissem,
sōpiissem		 sōpīvissēs,
sōpiissēs		 sōpīvisset,
sōpiisset		 sōpīvissēmus,
sōpiissēmus		 sōpīvissētis,
sōpiissētis		 sōpīvissent,
sōpiissent
passive present sōpiar sōpiāris,
sōpiāre		 sōpiātur sōpiāmur sōpiāminī sōpiantur
imperfect sōpīrer sōpīrēris,
sōpīrēre		 sōpīrētur sōpīrēmur sōpīrēminī sōpīrentur
perfect sōpītus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect sōpītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — sōpī — — sōpīte —
future — sōpītō sōpītō — sōpītōte sōpiuntō
passive present — sōpīre — — sōpīminī —
future — sōpītor sōpītor — — sōpiuntor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives sōpīre sōpīvisse,
sōpiisse		 sōpītūrum esse sōpīrī sōpītum esse sōpītum īrī
participles sōpiēns — sōpītūrus — sōpītus sōpiendus,
sōpiundus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
sōpiendī sōpiendō sōpiendum sōpiendō sōpītum sōpītū

Derived terms

Descendants
  • → Italian: sopire (learned)
  • ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *assōpīre

Noun

sōpiō m (genitive sōpiōnis); third declension

  1. A drawing of a man with a prominent penis
    • Catullus 37
      Frontem tabernae sopionibus scribam
      I will draw pictures of penises on the front of the tavern.
    • Anonymous graffito in Pompeii
      Ut merdas edatis, qui scripseras sopionis
      You who have drawn pictures of penises, eat shit!

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative sōpiō sōpiōnēs
Genitive sōpiōnis sōpiōnum
Dative sōpiōnī sōpiōnibus
Accusative sōpiōnem sōpiōnēs
Ablative sōpiōne sōpiōnibus
Vocative sōpiō sōpiōnēs

References
  • “sopio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “sopio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • sopio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • S. A. Handford & Mary Herberg (2003), Latin-English : English-Latin Dictionary (Berlin: Langenscheidt)
  • sopio in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
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