強姦

See also: 強奸 and 强奸

Chinese

		strength; force; power strength; force; power; powerful; better	adultery
trad. (強姦/強奸/强姦/强奸)		強/强	姦/奸
simp. (强奸)		强	奸

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qiángjiān

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄤˊ ㄐㄧㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): koeng⁴ gaan¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiòng-kiên / khiòng-kiân
Eastern Min (BUC): giòng-găng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kiông-kan / kiâng-kan

(Teochew, Peng'im): kiang⁵ gang¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiángjiān
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄤˊ ㄐㄧㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciángjian
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiang²-chien¹
  - Yale: chyáng-jyān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyangjian
  - Palladius: цянцзянь (cjanczjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: koeng⁴ gaan¹
  - Yale: kèuhng gāan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: koeng⁴ gaan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: kêng⁴ gan¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰœːŋ²¹ kaːn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiòng-kiên
  - Hakka Romanization System: kiongˇ gien´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kiong² gian¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯oŋ¹¹ ki̯en²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiòng-kiân
  - Hakka Romanization System: kiongˇ gian´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kiong² gian¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯oŋ¹¹ ki̯an²⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: giòng-găng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyoŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^(k-)ŋaŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiông-kan
  - Tâi-lô: kiông-kan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiongkafn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kan³³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɔŋ²³⁻³³ kan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kan⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiâng-kan
  - Tâi-lô: kiâng-kan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiangkafn
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiaŋ¹³⁻²² kan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiaŋ²³⁻³³ kan⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kiang⁵ gang¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khiâng kang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ³³/

Verb

強姦

(transitive) to rape (to force sexual intercourse upon someone)
(transitive, figuratively) to impose one's beliefs or thoughts upon other people against their will
強姦民意／强奸民意 ― qiángjiān mínyì ― to impose opinion upon popular will (literally, “to rape popular opinion”)
- 以戲劇構成形式強姦人物思想內容的更顯著的地方是做夢那幾場戲。武訓的幼年分明已經有著了對於識字的渴望，爲什麼一定還要到地獄裡去幻遊一下才有所謂覺悟呢？ [MSC, trad.]
  以戏剧构成形式强奸人物思想内容的更显著的地方是做梦那几场戏。武训的幼年分明已经有着了对于识字的渴望，为什么一定还要到地狱里去幻游一下才有所谓觉悟呢？ [MSC, simp.]
  From: 1951 May 17, 賈霽 (Jia Ji), 《不足爲訓的武訓》, in People's Daily, →ISSN, page 3
  Yǐ xìjù gòuchéng xíngshì qiángjiān rénwù sīxiǎng nèiróng de gèng xiǎnzhù de dìfāng shì zuòmèng nà jǐ chǎng xì. Wǔ Xùn de yòunián fēnmíng yǐjīng yǒuzhe le duìyú shízì de kěwàng, wèi shénme yīdìng hái yào dào dìyù lǐ qù huànyóu yīxià cái yǒu suǒwèi jiàowù ne? [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

姦污／奸污 (jiānwū)
姦淫／奸淫 (jiānyín)
強暴／强暴 (qiángbào)
施暴 (shībào)
玷污 (diànwū) (euphemistic)
糟蹋 (zāotà)

Derived terms

強姦文化／强奸文化 (qiángjiān wénhuà)
強姦民意／强奸民意
強姦犯／强奸犯 (qiángjiānfàn)
強姦罪／强奸罪
法定強姦／法定强奸 (fǎdìng qiángjiān)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (強姦):

→ Japanese: 強姦(ごうかん) (gōkan)
→ Korean: 강간(強姦) (ganggan)
→ Vietnamese: cưỡng gian (強姦)

References

Duffus, William (1883) “force”, in English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Swatow, Swatow: English Presbyterian Mission Press, page 113

Japanese

Kanji in this term
強	姦
ごう Grade: 2	かん Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ごーかん [gòókáń] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [ɡo̞ːkã̠ɴ]

Noun

強(ごう)姦(かん) • (gōkan)

rape

Synonyms

暴(ぼう)行(こう) (bōkō) (euphemistic)
強(ごう)淫(いん) (gōin)

Coordinate terms

和姦(わかん) (wakan)

Derived terms

強(ごう)姦(かん)罪(ざい) (gōkanzai, “(crime of) rape; criminal assault”)
強(ごう)姦(かん)致(ち)死(し)傷(しょう)罪(ざい) (gōkan chishishōzai, “(crime of) rape (or attempted rape) resulting in death or injury”)
強(ごう)姦(かん)致(ち)傷(しょう) (gōkan chishō)
準(じゅん)強(ごう)姦(かん) (jungōkan)
集(しゅう)団(だん)強(ごう)姦(かん) (shūdan gōkan)
準(じゅん)強(ごう)姦(かん)容(よう)疑(ぎ) (jungōkan yōgi)
準(じゅん)強(ごう)姦(かん)の容(よう)疑(ぎ) (jungōkan no yōgi)
集(しゅう)団(だん)強(ごう)姦(かん)罪(ざい) (shūdan gōkanzai)
集(しゅう)団(だん)強(ごう)姦(かん)致(ち)死(し)傷(しょう)罪(ざい) (shūdan gōkan chishishōzai)
準(じゅん)強(ごう)姦(かん)罪(ざい) (jungōkanzai)
強(ごう)姦(かん)致(ち)傷(しょう)罪(ざい) (gōkan chishōzai)
強(ごう)姦(かん)犯(はん) (gōkanhan, “rapist”)
強(ごう)姦(かん)魔(ま) (gōkanma, “rapist; rape fiend”)

Verb

強(ごう)姦(かん)する • (gōkan suru) suru (stem 強(ごう)姦(かん)し (gōkan shi), past 強(ごう)姦(かん)した (gōkan shita))

to rape

Conjugation

Conjugation of "強姦する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	強姦し	ごうかんし	gōkan shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	強姦し	ごうかんし	gōkan shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	強姦する	ごうかんする	gōkan suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	強姦する	ごうかんする	gōkan suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	強姦すれ	ごうかんすれ	gōkan sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	強姦せよ¹ 強姦しろ²	ごうかんせよ¹ ごうかんしろ²	gōkan seyo¹ gōkan shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	強姦される	ごうかんされる	gōkan sareru
Causative	強姦させる強姦さす	ごうかんさせるごうかんさす	gōkan saseru gōkan sasu
Potential	強姦できる	ごうかんできる	gōkan dekiru
Volitional	強姦しよう	ごうかんしよう	gōkan shiyō
Negative	強姦しない	ごうかんしない	gōkan shinai
Negative continuative	強姦せず	ごうかんせず	gōkan sezu
Formal	強姦します	ごうかんします	gōkan shimasu
Perfective	強姦した	ごうかんした	gōkan shita
Conjunctive	強姦して	ごうかんして	gōkan shite
Hypothetical conditional	強姦すれば	ごうかんすれば	gōkan sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
強	姦

Noun

強姦 • (ganggan) (hangeul 강간)

Hanja form^? of 강간 (“rape”).

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