玷污

Chinese

		blemish; disgrace; flaw in jade	dirt; filth
trad. (玷污/玷汙)		玷	污/汙
simp. (玷污)		玷	污
alternative forms		沾污 Cantonese

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): diànwū

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄨ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dim³ wu¹, dim² wu¹, zim¹ wu¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tiàm-u

(Teochew, Peng'im): diam¹ u¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: diànwū
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄨ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: diànwu
  - Wade–Giles: tien⁴-wu¹
  - Yale: dyàn-wū
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diannu
  - Palladius: дяньу (djanʹu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti̯ɛn⁵¹ u⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    店屋
    玷污
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: dim³ wu¹, dim² wu¹, zim¹ wu¹
  - Yale: dim wū, dím wū, jīm wū
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dim³ wu¹, dim² wu¹, dzim¹ wu¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: dim³ wu¹, dim² wu¹, jim¹ wu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiːm³³ wuː⁵⁵/, /tiːm³⁵ wuː⁵⁵/, /t͡siːm⁵⁵ wuː⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiàm-u
  - Tâi-lô: tiàm-u
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diarm'w
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tiam²¹⁻⁵³ u⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiam⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ u³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: diam¹ u¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tiam u
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiam³³⁻²³ u³³/

Middle Chinese: temX

Rime
Character	玷
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	添 (157)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	多忝切
Baxter	temX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tem^X/
Pan Wuyun	/tem^X/
Shao Rongfen	/tɛm^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tɛm^X/
Li Rong	/tem^X/
Wang Li	/tiem^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/tiem^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	diǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dim²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤemʔ qʷˤra/

(Zhengzhang): /*teːmʔ qʷaː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	玷	污
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	diàn	wā
Middle Chinese	‹ tem^X ›	‹ ʔwæ ›
Old Chinese	/*tˁemʔ/	/*qʷˁra/
English	black spot	impure, vile
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	玷	污
Reading #	1/2	1/2
No.	16722	15679
Phonetic component	占	于
Rime group	談	魚
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	點	烏
Old Chinese	/*teːmʔ/	/*qʷaː/
Notes		同洿

Verb

玷污

to stain; to denigrate; to sully; to tarnish
(euphemistic) to sexually violate; to rape; to molest

Synonyms

(to stain):

弄髒／弄脏 (nòngzāng)
污 (wū)
髒／脏

(to sexually violate):

姦污／奸污 (jiānwū)
姦淫／奸淫 (jiānyín)
強姦／强奸 (qiángjiān)
強暴／强暴 (qiángbào)
施暴 (shībào)
糟蹋 (zāotà)

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