See also:
U+514D, 免
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-514D

[U+514C]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+514E]

U+FA32, 免
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA32

[U+FA31]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+FA33]

免 U+2F80E, 免
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F80E
𠘺
[U+2F80D]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 兔
[U+2F80F]

Translingual

Stroke order
0 strokes
Japanese
Simplified
Traditional

Alternative forms

A variant form with rather than on top exists.

There is another variant, in which the left-handed stroke is written as two separate components. This variant is adopted by Japanese shinjitai.

Han character

(Kangxi radical 10, +5 in Chinese, 儿+6 in Japanese, 7 strokes in Chinese, 8 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 弓日竹山 (NAHU), four-corner 27416, composition ⿸⿻丿(GHTK) or 𫩏(JV) or ⿸⿻丿(U+FA32))

Derived characters

References

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States
Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script



References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Pictogram (象形) – a man in a hat. Borrowed for abstract meanings. The derivative (OC *mronʔ) refers to the original word.

Pronunciation 1


Note:
  • miang2/miêng2 - literary (including “there is no need”, miêng2 - Chaozhou);
  • ming2/mêng2 - vernacular (mêng2 - Jieyang).
    • Wu
      • (Shanghai):
        • Wugniu: 6mi
        • MiniDict: mi
        • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3mi
        • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mi²³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (4)
Final () (79)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter mjenX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/mˠiᴇnX/
Pan
Wuyun
/mᵚiɛnX/
Shao
Rongfen
/miænX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/mianX/
Li
Rong
/mjɛnX/
Wang
Li
/mĭɛnX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/mi̯ɛnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
miǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
min5
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
miǎn
Middle
Chinese
‹ mjenX ›
Old
Chinese
/*mr[o][r]ʔ/
English avoid

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 9065
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*mronʔ/

Definitions

  1. to take off; to remove from the body
  2. to avoid; to escape; to evade
  3. to release; to set free
  4. to excuse from; to exempt
  5. to discharge; to waive; to forgive
  6. to remove; to dismiss (from office)
  7. to be not allowed; to be forbidden to
  8. (Southern Min) it is not necessary; there is no need
  9. (obsolete) Alternative form of
Synonyms
  • (to remove):
  • (to evade): 避開避开 (bìkāi)
  • (it is not necessary):

Compounds

Pronunciation 2


Definitions

  1. (historical) Alternative form of 𰬜 (wèn, a kind of mourning apparel)
  2. bud

Compounds

  • 袒免

Further reading

Japanese

Shinjitai
Kyūjitai
[1]


&#xFA32;
or
+&#xFE00;?
󠄁
+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
󠄄
+&#xE0104;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. to avoid, to escape
  2. to release, to set free, to discharge
  3. to exempt
  4. to forgive
  5. to dismiss, to discharge
    Antonyms :

Readings

Compounds

Pronunciation

Noun

(めん) • (men) 

  1. dismissal, being made to quit

References

  1. ”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia) (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015–2024
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 해산 (haesanhal mun))

  1. Hanja form? of (dismiss, discharge, disband).

(eumhun 면할 (myeonhal myeon))

  1. Hanja form? of (spare, excuse from, evade).

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: miễn, mấy, mến, mém, mễm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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