guna
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɡʊnə/
Noun
guna (countable and uncountable, plural gunas)
- (Sanskrit linguistics) A lengthening of the simple vowels a, i, u, by prefixing an a element.
- (countable) In Hindu philosophy, any of the three fundamental operating principles or tendencies of prakṛti (universal nature): sattva, rajas, and tamas.
Balinese
Chinese
Etymology
From pinyin transcription of the phrase 滾啊 (gǔn a, “go away, go to hell”).
Gamilaraay
Etymology
From Proto-Central New South Wales *gunang, from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *kuna.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡuna/
References
- Barry Alpher Proto-Pama-Nyungan etyma, in Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method, edited by Claire Bowern and Harold Koch (Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2004)
- Peter Austin, A Reference Dictionary of Gamilaraay, northern New South Wales (1993)
Hausa
Noun
gunā̀ f (plural gunōnī, possessed form gunàr̃)
- tsamma (a bitter melon, Citrullus lanatus)
- An epithet for someone who is not as strong as expected.
- (colloquial) A girl who is physically mature with developed breasts.
Iban
Verb
guna
- of use, wanted, needed, of benefit.
- ..., mayuh pengawa begunaka pengelandik dalam digital.
- ..., many jobs need digital skillfulness.
References
- Richards, Anthony. An Iban-English Dictionary, Volume 1 Clarendon Press. 1981.
- Nembiak patut nyemelaka pemujur dalam pelajar enggau pengelandik Utusan Borneo. 28 August 2023.
Indonesian
Alternative forms
- goena (pre-1947)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡuna/
- Rhymes: -na, -a
- Hyphenation: gu‧na
Noun
guna (first-person possessive gunaku, second-person possessive gunamu, third-person possessive gunanya)
Derived terms
- berguna
- berkegunaan
- kegunaan
- ketergunaan
- mempergunakan
- menggunakan
- pengguna
- penggunaan
- seguna
- tergunakan
Related terms
Further reading
- “guna” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Javanese
Malay
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡuna/
- (Johor-Riau) IPA(key): [ɡunə]
- Rhymes: -a
Noun
guna (Jawi spelling ݢونا, plural guna-guna, informal 1st possessive gunaku, 2nd possessive gunamu, 3rd possessive gunanya)
Derived terms
- berguna
- gunaan
- kebergunaan
- kegunaan
- kepenggunaan
- mempergunakan
- menggunakan
- pengguna
- penggunaan
- pergunaan
- seguna
Descendants
- Indonesian: guna
Etymology 2
Clipping of menggunakan.
Verb
guna (Jawi spelling ݢونا)
- (informal) to use
- Aku guna fon aku ni hanya untuk menelefon mak ayah aku selalunya.
- I usually use my phone here just to call my parents.
Further reading
- “guna” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈɡũ.nɐ/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈɡu.na/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈɡu.nɐ/
- Hyphenation: gu‧na
Noun
guna m or f by sense (plural gunas)
- (Portugal, Porto, colloquial) a street thug, sometimes associated with the practice of robberies committed as a gang action
References
- “guna” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024.
- “guna” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɡuna/ [ˈɡu.na]
- Rhymes: -una
- Syllabification: gu‧na
Swahili
Pronunciation
Audio (Kenya) (file)
Conjugation
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Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. |
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