cos

See also: Appendix:Variations of "cos"

Translingual

Symbol

cos

  1. (trigonometry) cosine.
  2. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Corsican.

English

Etymology 1

From Cos, name of the Greek island from where it was introduced.

Pronunciation

Noun

cos (plural coses)

  1. Romaine lettuce: a variety of lettuce with long, crisp leaves.
Translations
variety of lettuce with long, crisp leaves — see Romaine lettuce

Pronunciation

Conjunction

cos

  1. (UK, Ireland, South Africa, African-American Vernacular) Informal spelling of 'cause (“because”).
    • 2021, Isabel Waidner, Sterling Karat Gold, Peninsula Press, page 161:
      Taking the shortcut through the alleyway by the Jobcentre Plus, just cos I can, we arrive at my flat within minutes.
Translations
because — see because

Etymology 3

Clipping of cousin.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kʌz/

Noun

cos (plural cosses)

  1. (informal, African-American Vernacular) A cousin, cuz.

Etymology 4

From co +‎ -s.

Noun

cos

  1. plural of co

Pronoun

cos

  1. (nonstandard) Belonging to co. Gender-neutral possessive adjective, grammatically equivalent to the gendered his and her and the singular their.
    • 1973, Michael Glenn, Richard Kunnes, Repression or Revolution?: Therapy in the United States Today, Harper Colophon Books, →ISBN, page 53:
      Psychiatrists are trained to try to impose the responsibility for a patient’s problem on the patient coself, rather than on cos environment.
    • 1975, Valida Davila, “A Child’s Sexual Bill of Rights”, in Bernhardt J. Hurwood, editor, The Whole Sex Catalogue, New York, N.Y.: Pinnacle Books, published 1976, →ISBN, page 287:
      WHEREAS a child’s sexuality is just as much a part of cos whole person from birth as the blood that flows in cos veins, making cos sexual rights inherent and inalienable […]
    • 1986, Ingrid Komar, Living the Dream: Twin Oaks Community 1979-1982, Louisa, Va.: Twin Oaks Community, →OCLC, page 355:
      Co absents coself from the Community for more than three weeks beyond the point of having made satisfactory arrangements with the Community with regard to cos absence.
Alternative forms

Further reading

Anagrams

Aromanian

Alternative forms
  • cosu

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *cōsō, from Latin consuō. Compare Romanian coase, cos.

Verb

cos first-singular present indicative (third-person singular present indicative coasi or coase, past participle cusutã)

  1. to sew

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Old Catalan cors, from Latin corpus. Doublet of the borrowing corpus.

Pronunciation

Noun

cos m (plural cossos)

  1. body (physical structure of a human or animal)
  2. body, corpse
    Synonym: cadàver

Derived terms

References
  • “cos” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Further reading

Chinese

Noun

cos

  1. (ACG, informal) cosplay
    玩cos的人  ―  wán cos de rén  ―  someone who cosplays; cosplayer
  2. (ACG, informal) cosplay costume

Verb

cos

  1. (ACG, informal) to cosplay
  2. (slang, by extension) LARP; To pretend to be something, or act as something
    cos共產主義／cos共产主义  ―  cos gòngchǎnzhǔyì  ―  LARP as a communist

Derived terms

Czech

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈt͡sos]

Pronoun

cos

  1. Alternative form of cosi

Declension
Declension of cos (sg-only inanimate pronoun)
singular
nominative cos
genitive čehos
dative čemus
accusative cos
vocative —
locative čems
instrumental číms

Further reading
  • cos in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • cos in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • cos in Internetová jazyková příručka

Friulian

Etymology

From Slovene kòš, from Proto-Slavic *košь.

Noun

cos m (plural cos)

  1. basket
    Synonyms: gei, geùt, ceste

Galician

Etymology

From contraction of preposition con (“with”) + masculine plural definite article os (“the”).

Contraction

cos m pl (masculine co, feminine coa, feminine plural coas)

  1. with the

Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Irish cos,[1] from Proto-Celtic *koxsā (cf. Welsh coes), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *koḱs-, whence also Latin coxa (“hip”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kɔsˠ/
  • (Munster, also) IPA(key): /kɞsˠ/[2]

Noun

cos f (genitive singular coise, nominative plural cosa)

  1. foot
  2. leg

Declension
Declension of cos

Second declension

Bare forms

Case Singular Plural
Nominative cos cosa
Vocative a chos a chosa
Genitive coise cos
Dative cois cosa

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an chos na cosa
Genitive na coise na gcos
Dative leis an gcois

don chois

 leis na cosa

Derived terms
  • a chois (“beside”)
  • alt na coise
  • ar cois (“afoot”)
  • bord scríbhneoireachta coise (“pedestal writing-table”)
  • caol na coise (“ankle”)
  • cois
  • coisbheart (“footwear”)
  • coiscéim (“footstep”)
  • coisdeargán (“redshank”)
  • coisí (“pedestrian”)
  • coisigh (“travel on foot”)
  • coislí (“footpath”)
  • coistéad (“footrope”)
  • cor coise (“act of tripping someone”)
  • cos bhacóide (“one leg (of the two)”)
  • cos deiridh (“hind leg”)
  • cos dubh (“maidenhair”)
  • cos ghé (“goosefoot”)
  • cos thinn (“rainy day”)
  • cos tosaigh (“front leg”)
  • cos-ardach (“arched; high-stepping”)
  • cos-scamallach (“web-footed”)
  • cos-slua (“infantry”)
  • cosa fuara (“stilts”)
  • cosa in airde
  • cosacán (“fetter”)
  • cosán (“path”)
  • cosbhalla (“footwall”)
  • cosbhuí (“yellow-footed”)
  • cosdaingean (“sure-footed”)
  • cosdeargán
  • coséadrom (“light-footed”)
  • cosfhada (“long-legged”)
  • coslia (“podiatrist”)
  • cosligthe (“unfettered”)
  • cosluath (“light-footed”)
  • cosmhuintir (“hangers-on, dependants”)
  • costinn (“footsore”)
  • costirim (“dry-footed”)
  • crágchos (“cheliped”)
  • de chois
  • deil choise (“treadle”)
  • droichead coise (“footbridge”)
  • gearrchosach (“short-legged; short-handled”)
  • i gcois (“beside”)
  • in aghaidh do chos
  • in éadan do chos (“reluctantly”)
  • ionga coise (“toenail”)
  • le cois (“in addition to”)
  • maide coise (“stretcher”)
  • méar coise (“toe”)
  • muileann coise (“treadmill”)
  • saighdiúir coise (“foot soldier”)

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
cos chos gcos
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  1. G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “cos”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 20

Further reading

Kashubian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From co +‎ -s. Compare Polish coś and Slovincian cesz.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈt͡sɔs/
  • Syllabification: cos

Pronoun

cos

  1. indeterminate pronoun; something

Further reading
  • Stefan Ramułt (1893) “cos”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego‎ (in Kashubian), page 18
  • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “coś”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎, volume 1, page 208
  • “cos/cosz”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Latin

Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *kōtis, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₃- (“to sharpen”). Cognate with Latin catus (“clever, cunning”), cautēs (“pointed rock”), cuneus (“wedge”) and Ancient Greek κῶνος (kônos, “cone”).

Pronunciation

Noun

cōs f (genitive cōtis); third declension

  1. whetstone
Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative cōs cōtēs
Genitive cōtis cōtum
Dative cōtī cōtibus
Accusative cōtem cōtēs
Ablative cōte cōtibus
Vocative cōs cōtēs
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Catalan: cot
  • French: queux
  • Italian: cote, cotano
  • Romanian: cute
  • Sicilian: cuti
  • ⇒ Spanish: codón

Alternative forms

Noun

cos

  1. Abbreviation of consul.

References
  • “cos”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “cos”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • cos in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • “cos”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “cos”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

Middle English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old English coss, from Proto-West Germanic *koss, from Proto-Germanic *kussaz. Forms with /i/, /u/ and /ɛ/ are influenced by Old English cyssan.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kɔs/, /kus/, /kis/, /kɛs/

Noun

cos (plural cosses or cossen)

  1. a kiss (action of kissing)
    Synonym: kissynge

Descendants

References

Old Cornish

Etymology

Proto-Brythonic *kọs, from Latin cāseus.

Noun

cos

  1. cheese

Descendants

Old English

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kos/

Noun

cos m

  1. Alternative form of coss

Old French

Noun

cos m

  1. inflection of cop:
    1. oblique plural
    2. nominative singular

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *koxsā (cf. Welsh coes), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *koḱs-. Cognate with Latin coxa (“hip”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kos/

Noun

cos f

  1. foot
  2. leg

Inflection
Feminine ā-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative cosL coisL cosaH, cossaH
Vocative cosL coisL cosaH, cossaH
Accusative coisN coisL cosaH, cossaH
Genitive coiseH cosL cosN
Dative coisL cosaib cosaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

Mutation
Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
cos chos cos
pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

Portuguese

Pronunciation
 

Contraction

cos m pl (feminine plural cas)

  1. (colloquial) Contraction of com os (“with the (masculine plural)”).

Romanian

Pronunciation
  • Rhymes: -os

Verb

cos

  1. inflection of coase:
    1. first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
    2. third-person plural present indicative

Spanish

Noun

cos m pl

  1. plural of co
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