< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/košь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Uncertain. Dersken and Vasmer point a similarity with Latin quālum (“hamper”) and its diminutive quasillum, however, both sources qualify it as dubious. If correct, then the Slavic term is likely a back-formation from Proto-Slavic *košelъ[1] < Proto-Indo-European *kʷes- +‎ *-slo-.

Another alternative is from *kаt- (“to chain”) +‎ *-s- (derivative aorist marker) or (less likely) *kadʰ- (“to cover”) +‎ *-s-. Neither of these roots is well-established, though. If correct, this would make *košь and its derivatives cognates with Proto-Slavic *kotьcь, Proto-Slavic *kotьlъ and probably Proto-Slavic *kǫťa. Plausible cognates outside of Slavic include Latin casa (“hut”),[2] Latin cassis (“helmet”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬙𐬀 (kata, “chamber”), Middle Persian kwšk' (kōšk, “pavilion, kiosk”), and Proto-Germanic *hattuz (“hat”).

The meaning of the East Slavic term may have been affected by Old Turkic köç- (“migration”) → Kazakh көш (köş, “military camp”).

Noun

*kòšь m[3][4][5]

  1. basket
    Synonym: *krošňa

Inflection
Declension of *kòšь (soft o-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *kòšь *košà *košì
genitive *košà *košù *kòšь
dative *košù *košèma *kòšemъ
accusative *kòšь *košà *košę̇̀
instrumental *košь̀mь, *košèmь* *košèma *kòši
locative *košì *košù *kòšixъ
vocative *košu *košà *košì
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.
  • *košelъ (“woven bag”)
  • *košara (“cottage”)
  • *košěrъ (“beehive”)
  • *kotьcь (“pigsty”)
  • *kotьlъ (“cauldron”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: кош (koš)
    • Russian: кош (koš) (dialectal)
    • Ukrainian: кіш (kiš)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: кошь (košĭ)
      Glagolitic: ⰽⱁⱎⱐ (košĭ)
    • Bulgarian: кош (koš, “basket”)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: ко̏ш
      Latin script: kȍš
      • Chakavian (Orbanići): kȍš
    • Slovene: kȍš (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: koš
      • Czech: koš
        • Bohemian (Chod dialect): kůš
    • Polish: kosz
    • Pomeranian:
    • Slovak: kôš
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: kóš
  • Non Slavic:

Further reading
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*košь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 195
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кош”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “кош¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 690

References
  1. Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*košelъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 187
  2. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 96
  3. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kòšь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 240: “m. jo (b) ‘basket’”
  4. Olander, Thomas (2001) “kosjь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b kurv (SA 147, 177; PR 134)”
  5. Snoj, Marko (2016) “kȍš”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*kos'ь̏”
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