See also: and 齿
U+9F52, 齒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F52

[U+9F51]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9F53]
U+2FD2, ⿒
KANGXI RADICAL TOOTH

[U+2FD1]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2FD3]

Translingual

Stroke order
Traditional
Shinjitai
Simplified 齿

Han character

(Kangxi radical 211, 齒+0, 15 strokes, cangjie input 卜一山人人 (YMUOO), four-corner 21772, composition 𠚕)

  1. Kangxi radical #211, .
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №38

Derived characters

  • Appendix:Chinese radical/齒
  • , 𪤭, 𡾐, 𫹁, 𢸡, 𤁧, 𤪷, 𦢠, 𥗊, 𮉕, 𦉟, 𮝱, , 𩪲
  • 𠠚, 𢎕, 𧢟, 𩖁, 𨰒, 𧀤, 𤼻, 𤻽

Descendants

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1532, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48583
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2070, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4788, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9F52

Chinese

trad.
simp. 齿
alternative forms

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) – a mouth full of teeth. (zhī) or (zhǐ) was later added on top as a phonetic component.

Etymology

Unclear. Not related to Tibetan མཆེ་བ (mche ba, fang, tusk), which is cognate with 𱌺 (diān, eyetooth), but may be the same word as Proto-Min *kʰiᴮ (tooth). Another possibility is a derivation from an Austroasiatic etymon; Schuessler, 2007 (p.188) suggests a possible relationship to Khmer ខ្នាយ (khnaay, tusk, spur), as Austroasiatic medial /n/ is often deleted in loans.

Pronunciation


Note:
  • kī - vernacular;
  • chī - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/
Tianjin /t͡sʰz̩¹³/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Xi'an /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
Chengdu /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Guiyang /t͡sʰz̩²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹²/
Hefei /t͡sʰʐ̩²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Pingyao /sz̩⁵³/ 平~磨
/t͡sz̩⁵³/ ~輪兒
Hohhot /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡sz̩³⁵/
Suzhou /t͡sʰz̩ʷ⁵¹/
Hangzhou /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Wenzhou /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰz̩³¹/
Taoyuan /tʃʰï³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰi³⁵/
Nanning /t͡sʰi³⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰi³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sʰi⁵³/
/kʰi⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kʰi³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sʰi²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /kʰi⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /xi²¹³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (24)
Final () (19)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyhiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕʰɨX/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕʰɨX/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕʰieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cʰɨX/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕʰiəX/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕʰĭəX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕʰiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ci2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
chǐ
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyhiX ›
Old
Chinese
/*t-[k]ʰə(ŋ)ʔ/ (or *t.ŋ̊əʔ)
English front teeth

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 17302
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰjɯʔ/

Definitions

  1. (anatomy) tooth
    齿   chǐ   tooth
  2. (figurative) tooth- or zigzag-like thing, such as a sawtooth, cogwheel, or fern
  3. (figurative) age (of a person or animal)
  4. to juxtapose; to put side by side
  5. to utter; to mention
  6. to employ; to take in
  7. (dialectal) to touch; to be in contact with
  8. (Xiang) pay attention, to be concerned with
    [Xiang, trad.]
    齿 [Xiang, simp.]
    nyi3 mo6 chr3 ta1 ziou5 shr5 di [Wiktionary]
    It would be better to not pay attention to him.
    [Xiang, trad.]
    齿 [Xiang, simp.]
    ngo3 zai2 lan3 chr3 de [Wiktionary]
    I'd rather not concern myself.

Synonyms

Compounds

  • 不以人齒不以人齿
  • 不好啟齒不好启齿
  • 不置齒頰不置齿颊
  • 不足掛齒不足挂齿 (bùzúguàchǐ)
  • 不足齒不足齿
  • 不足齒及不足齿及
  • 不足齒數不足齿数
  • 不齒不齿 (bùchǐ)
  • 乳齒乳齿 (rǔchǐ)
  • 令人不齒令人不齿
  • 令人切齒令人切齿
  • 令人齒冷令人齿冷
  • 伶牙俐齒伶牙俐齿
  • 何足掛齒何足挂齿 (hézú guàchǐ)
  • 俐齒伶牙俐齿伶牙
  • 借齒牙借齿牙
  • 兒齒儿齿
  • 共為脣齒共为唇齿
  • 共相脣齒共相唇齿
  • 分班序齒分班序齿
  • 切齒切齿 (qièchǐ)
  • 切齒咬牙切齿咬牙
  • 切齒拊心切齿拊心
  • 切齒腐心切齿腐心
  • 利齒兒利齿儿
  • 刺齒刺齿
  • 剔齒纖剔齿纤
  • 劍齒虎剑齿虎 (jiànchǐhǔ)
  • 劍齒象剑齿象
  • 半齒音半齿音
  • 口齒口齿 (kǒuchǐ)
  • 口齒伶俐口齿伶俐
  • 口齒便給口齿便给
  • 叩齒叩齿
  • 含齒戴髮含齿戴发
  • 咬牙切齒咬牙切齿 (yǎoyáqièchǐ)
  • 噙齒戴髮噙齿戴发
  • 嚼齒嚼齿
  • 壯齒壮齿
  • 大臼齒大臼齿 (dàjiùchǐ)
  • 大齒輪大齿轮
  • 孺齒孺齿
  • 尊年尚齒尊年尚齿
  • 小臼齒小臼齿 (xiǎojiùchǐ)
  • 尚齒尚齿
  • 屐齒屐齿
  • 差速齒輪差速齿轮
  • 年齒年齿 (niánchǐ)
  • 幼齒幼齿 (yòuchǐ)
  • 序齒序齿 (xùchǐ)
  • 怒目切齒怒目切齿
  • 恆齒恒齿 (héngchǐ)
  • 戴髮含齒戴发含齿
  • 投梭折齒投梭折齿
  • 拊膺切齒拊膺切齿
  • 挂齒
  • 捕蛇去齒捕蛇去齿
  • 掛齒挂齿 (guàchǐ)
  • 搜根剔齒搜根剔齿
  • 撇齒拉嘴撇齿拉嘴
  • 攘袂切齒攘袂切齿
  • 啟齒启齿 (qǐchǐ)
  • 斑狀齒斑状齿
  • 明眸皓齒明眸皓齿
  • 星眸皓齒星眸皓齿
  • 智齒智齿 (zhìchǐ)
  • 暮齒暮齿
  • 有齒郵票有齿邮票
  • 朱口皓齒朱口皓齿
  • 朱脣榴齒朱唇榴齿
  • 朱脣皓齒朱唇皓齿
  • 歷齒历齿
  • 毀齒毁齿
  • 永久齒永久齿
  • 沒齒没齿
  • 沒齒不忘没齿不忘
  • 沒齒難忘没齿难忘 (mòchǐnánwàng)
  • 沒齒難泯没齿难泯
  • 涅齒涅齿
  • 混合齒列混合齿列
  • 潔齒劑洁齿剂
  • 無足掛齒无足挂齿 (wúzúguàchǐ)
  • 無齒郵票无齿邮票
  • 牙齒牙齿 (yáchǐ)
  • 犬馬齒殲犬马齿歼
  • 犬馬齒窮犬马齿穷
  • 犬馬齒索犬马齿索
  • 犬齒犬齿 (quǎnchǐ)
  • 生齒生齿 (shēngchǐ)
  • 生齒日繁生齿日繁
  • 當門牙齒当门牙齿
  • 痛心切齒痛心切齿
  • 發皓齒发皓齿
  • 發脫口齒发脱口齿
  • 皓齒皓齿 (hàochǐ)
  • 皓齒明眸皓齿明眸
  • 皓齒星眸皓齿星眸
  • 皓齒朱脣皓齿朱唇
  • 皓齒蛾眉皓齿蛾眉
  • 眷齒眷齿
  • 瞋目切齒瞋目切齿
  • 禍發齒牙祸发齿牙
  • 科牙磕齒科牙磕齿
  • 稚齒稚齿
  • 種植義齒种植义齿
  • 羊齒羊齿
  • 義齒义齿 (yìchǐ)
  • 脣不遮齒唇不遮齿
  • 脣亡齒寒唇亡齿寒 (chúnwángchǐhán)
  • 脣紅齒白唇红齿白
  • 脣腐齒落唇腐齿落
  • 脣齒唇齿 (chúnchǐ)
  • 脣齒之邦唇齿之邦
  • 脣齒相依唇齿相依 (chúnchǐxiāngyī)
  • 脣齒音唇齿音 (chúnchǐyīn)
  • 臼齒臼齿 (jiùchǐ)
  • 舌齒音舌齿音
  • 蛾眉皓齒蛾眉皓齿
  • 裂眥嚼齒裂眦嚼齿
  • 見齒见齿
  • 象齒焚身象齿焚身
  • 資淺齒少资浅齿少
  • 輔車脣齒辅车唇齿
  • 輥齒輪辊齿轮
  • 連齒木屐连齿木屐
  • 鄉黨尚齒乡党尚齿
  • 釘齒耙钉齿耙 (dīngchǐpá)
  • 鋸齒锯齿 (jùchǐ)
  • 鋸齒草锯齿草
  • 鐵齒铁齿 (tiěchǐ)
  • 門齒门齿 (ménchǐ)
  • 阻生齒阻生齿
  • 雁齒雁齿
  • 雌牙扮齒雌牙扮齿
  • 雍齒封侯
  • 韶顏稚齒韶颜稚齿
  • 頭童齒豁头童齿豁
  • 馬齒马齿
  • 馬齒加長马齿加长
  • 馬齒徒增马齿徒增
  • 馬齒徒長马齿徒长
  • 馬齒莧马齿苋 (mǎchǐxiàn)
  • 馬齒豆马齿豆 (mǎchǐdòu)
  • 馬齒長马齿长
  • 駒齒未落驹齿未落
  • 鬥口齒斗口齿
  • 鬥牙拌齒斗牙拌齿
  • 鬥牙鬥齒斗牙斗齿
  • 黃髮兒齒黄发儿齿 (huángfà'érchǐ)
  • 鼻偃齒露鼻偃齿露
  • 齊齒齐齿
  • 齊齒呼齐齿呼 (qíchǐhū)
  • 齒亡舌存齿亡舌存
  • 齒冠齿冠 (chǐguān)
  • 齒冷齿冷 (chǐlěng)
  • 齒列齿列
  • 齒劍齿剑 (chǐjiàn)
  • 齒危髮秀齿危发秀
  • 齒及齿及 (chǐjí)
  • 齒吻齿吻
  • 齒如含貝齿如含贝
  • 齒如齊貝齿如齐贝
  • 齒尊齿尊
  • 齒弊舌存齿弊舌存
  • 齒式齿式
  • 齒德俱增齿德俱增
  • 齒擊齿击
  • 齒杖齿杖
  • 齒根齿根 (chǐgēn)
  • 齒條齿条 (chǐtiáo)
  • 齒槽齿槽
  • 齒次齿次
  • 齒決齿决
  • 齒牙齿牙
  • 齒牙為猾齿牙为猾
  • 齒牙為禍齿牙为祸
  • 齒牙餘論齿牙余论
  • 齒痛齿痛 (chǐtòng)
  • 齒白脣紅齿白唇红
  • 齒石齿石
  • 齒縫齿缝
  • 齒耙齿耙
  • 齒舌齿舌
  • 齒若編貝齿若编贝
  • 齒落舌鈍齿落舌钝
  • 齒落髮白齿落发白
  • 齒讓齿让
  • 齒豁頭童齿豁头童
  • 齒質齿质
  • 齒輪齿轮 (chǐlún)
  • 齒遇齿遇
  • 齒錄齿录
  • 齒音齿音 (chǐyīn)
  • 齒頰生香齿颊生香
  • 齒頰留香齿颊留香
  • 齒髓齿髓
  • 齒髓腔齿髓腔
  • 齒髮齿发 (chǐfà)
  • 齒鯨齿鲸 (chǐjīng)
  • 齒齒齿齿
  • 齒齦齿龈 (chǐyín)
  • 齒齲齿龋 (chǐqǔ)
  • 齠年稚齒龆年稚齿
  • 齧齒目啮齿目 (nièchǐmù)
  • 齯齒𫠜齿
  • 齲齒龋齿 (qǔchǐ)
  • 齲齒笑龋齿笑

References

Japanese

Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

  1. tooth

Readings

  • Go-on: (shi)
  • Kan-on: (shi)
  • Kun: (ha, )

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese (MC tsyhiX). Recorded as Middle Korean 치〯 (chǐ) (Yale: chi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource (eumhun (i chi))

  1. Hanja form? of (tooth).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: xỉ ((xương)(chỉ)(thiết))[1][2][3]
: Nôm readings: xỉ[1][2][4], xỉa[1][3][5], xẻ[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of xỉ (teeth).

References

  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Trần (2004).
  4. Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  5. Hồ (1976).
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