kama

See also: Appendix:Variations of "kama"

English

Pronunciation
  • (US) enPR: kämə, IPA(key): /kɑmə/
  • Rhymes: -ɑːmə

Etymology 1

From Japanese 鎌 (kama, “sickle, scythe”).

Noun

kama (plural kama)

  1. A sickle-like weapon, originally used as a tool for cutting weeds.
See also

Etymology 2

From Sanskrit काम (kā́ma).

Noun

kama (uncountable)

  1. (Hinduism) The act or process of wishing; longing, desire (with or without sexual connotations); one of the goals of life in Hindu tradition.
    • 1958, V. Raghavan, “Chapter XII: Kāma, The Third End of Man”, in Stephen N Hay, William Theodore De Bary, editors, Sources of Indian Tradition, volume 2, page 258:
      The place of kāma or the pursuit of love and pleasure in the balanced Hindu scheme of life derives from the importance attached to the life of the married householder (grhastha).
    • 2006, “Indian Erotology”, in Alan Soble, editor, Sex from Plato to Paglia: A Philosophical Encyclopedia, Volume 1: A-L, page 493:
      Ancient Indian thought divides the principal aims of human existence into dharma (religion, morality, social obligations), artha (economics, politics, power), and kāma (erotic pleasure, sexual interaction, sexual gratification).
Derived terms
See also

Anagrams

Acehnese

Noun

kama

  1. room (part of a building)

References

Bikol Central

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish cama.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈkama/, [ˈka.ma]
  • Hyphenation: ka‧ma

Noun

káma (Basahan spelling ᜃᜋ)

  1. bed
    Synonyms: katre, higdaan

Chichewa

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Portuguese cama.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈka.má/

Noun

kamá class 9 (plural makamá class 6)

  1. bed
    Synonym: bedi

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *-káma.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈka.ma/

Verb

-kama (infinitive kukáma)

  1. to milk

Czech

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈkama]

Adverb

kama

  1. (dialect, Moravia) which way, which direction
    Synonym: (standard Czech) kudy

Estonian

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

kama (genitive kama, partitive kama)

  1. kama (traditional Estonian, Finnish and Russian finely milled flour mixture, consisting of roasted barley, rye, oat and pea flour)
Declension
Declension of kama (ÕS type 17/elu, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative kama kamad
accusative nom.
gen. kama
genitive kamade
partitive kama kamasid
illative kamma
kamasse		 kamadesse
inessive kamas kamades
elative kamast kamadest
allative kamale kamadele
adessive kamal kamadel
ablative kamalt kamadelt
translative kamaks kamadeks
terminative kamani kamadeni
essive kamana kamadena
abessive kamata kamadeta
comitative kamaga kamadega

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

kama (genitive kama, partitive kama)

  1. (colloquial) stuff, things
Declension
Declension of kama (ÕS type 17/elu, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative kama kamad
accusative nom.
gen. kama
genitive kamade
partitive kama kamasid
illative kamma
kamasse		 kamadesse
inessive kamas kamades
elative kamast kamadest
allative kamale kamadele
adessive kamal kamadel
ablative kamalt kamadelt
translative kamaks kamadeks
terminative kamani kamadeni
essive kamana kamadena
abessive kamata kamadeta
comitative kamaga kamadega

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adverb

kama (not comparable)

  1. (colloquial) Indicates indifference, not caring.
    Kas sooviksite õunu või apelsiine? Mul kama kaks.
    Do you want apples or oranges? I don't care either way.

Further reading

Finnish

Etymology

Akin to kampe, kampsut.[1] According to SSA, ultimately of onomatopoeic origin;[2] possibly related to dialectal kamahtaa (“to thump, to thud”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈkɑmɑ/, [ˈkɑ̝mɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -ɑmɑ
  • Syllabification(key): ka‧ma

Noun

kama

  1. (colloquial, usually in the plural) stuff (miscellaneous items or objects; personal effects)
    Mitä ovat kaikki nuo kamat makuuhuoneesi lattialla?
    What is all that stuff on your bedroom floor?
  2. (slang, in the singular only) product (illegal drugs)

Declension
Inflection of kama (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative kama kamat
genitive kaman kamojen
partitive kamaa kamoja
illative kamaan kamoihin
singular plural
nominative kama kamat
accusative nom. kama kamat
gen. kaman
genitive kaman kamojen
kamainrare
partitive kamaa kamoja
inessive kamassa kamoissa
elative kamasta kamoista
illative kamaan kamoihin
adessive kamalla kamoilla
ablative kamalta kamoilta
allative kamalle kamoille
essive kamana kamoina
translative kamaksi kamoiksi
abessive kamatta kamoitta
instructive — kamoin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of kama (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kamani kamani
accusative nom. kamani kamani
gen. kamani
genitive kamani kamojeni
kamainirare
partitive kamaani kamojani
inessive kamassani kamoissani
elative kamastani kamoistani
illative kamaani kamoihini
adessive kamallani kamoillani
ablative kamaltani kamoiltani
allative kamalleni kamoilleni
essive kamanani kamoinani
translative kamakseni kamoikseni
abessive kamattani kamoittani
instructive — —
comitative — kamoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kamasi kamasi
accusative nom. kamasi kamasi
gen. kamasi
genitive kamasi kamojesi
kamaisirare
partitive kamaasi kamojasi
inessive kamassasi kamoissasi
elative kamastasi kamoistasi
illative kamaasi kamoihisi
adessive kamallasi kamoillasi
ablative kamaltasi kamoiltasi
allative kamallesi kamoillesi
essive kamanasi kamoinasi
translative kamaksesi kamoiksesi
abessive kamattasi kamoittasi
instructive — —
comitative — kamoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kamamme kamamme
accusative nom. kamamme kamamme
gen. kamamme
genitive kamamme kamojemme
kamaimmerare
partitive kamaamme kamojamme
inessive kamassamme kamoissamme
elative kamastamme kamoistamme
illative kamaamme kamoihimme
adessive kamallamme kamoillamme
ablative kamaltamme kamoiltamme
allative kamallemme kamoillemme
essive kamanamme kamoinamme
translative kamaksemme kamoiksemme
abessive kamattamme kamoittamme
instructive — —
comitative — kamoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kamanne kamanne
accusative nom. kamanne kamanne
gen. kamanne
genitive kamanne kamojenne
kamainnerare
partitive kamaanne kamojanne
inessive kamassanne kamoissanne
elative kamastanne kamoistanne
illative kamaanne kamoihinne
adessive kamallanne kamoillanne
ablative kamaltanne kamoiltanne
allative kamallenne kamoillenne
essive kamananne kamoinanne
translative kamaksenne kamoiksenne
abessive kamattanne kamoittanne
instructive — —
comitative — kamoinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative kamansa kamansa
accusative nom. kamansa kamansa
gen. kamansa
genitive kamansa kamojensa
kamainsarare
partitive kamaansa kamojaan
kamojansa
inessive kamassaan
kamassansa		 kamoissaan
kamoissansa
elative kamastaan
kamastansa		 kamoistaan
kamoistansa
illative kamaansa kamoihinsa
adessive kamallaan
kamallansa		 kamoillaan
kamoillansa
ablative kamaltaan
kamaltansa		 kamoiltaan
kamoiltansa
allative kamalleen
kamallensa		 kamoilleen
kamoillensa
essive kamanaan
kamanansa		 kamoinaan
kamoinansa
translative kamakseen
kamaksensa		 kamoikseen
kamoiksensa
abessive kamattaan
kamattansa		 kamoittaan
kamoittansa
instructive — —
comitative — kamoineen
kamoinensa

Synonyms

Derived terms
compounds

References
  1. Forsberg, Ulla-Maija (2021) Stadin slangin etymologinen sanakirja [Etymological Dictionary of Helsinki Slang]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Gaudeamus, →ISBN
  2. Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN

Further reading

Garo

Verb

kama

  1. (transitive) to burn
  • soa (intransitive)

Indonesian

Etymology

From Sanskrit काम (kāma, “love”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas (“desire”), from Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂-mo-s, from *keh₂- (“to desire, wish”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ka.ma/
  • Hyphenation: ka‧ma

Noun

kama

  1. love, especially sexual love or sensuality.
  2. personification of love or desire as deity.
  • kama loka
  • kama sutra

Further reading

Jamamadí

Verb

kama

  1. (Banawá) to come

References

Japanese

Romanization

kama

  1. Rōmaji transcription of かま

Kabuverdianu

Etymology

From Portuguese cama.

Noun

kama

  1. bed

Kavalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Hokkien 柑仔 (kam-á, “tangerine”).

Noun

kama

  1. orange; tangerine

Kituba

Verb

kama

  1. to milk

Lele (Chad)

Noun

kāmā

  1. water

References
  • Takács, Gábor (2007) Etymological Dictionary of Egyptian, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 201, →ISBN:
    […] we should carefully distinguish the following Ch. roots from AA *m-ˀ "water" [GT]:
    (1) Ch. *h-m "water" [GT]: […] Lele kāmā [Gowers], […]
  • Etudes berbères et chamito-sémitiques: mélanges offerts à Karl-G. Prasse (2000, →ISBN, page 38

Luba-Kasai

Verb

kama

  1. to milk

Maranao

Noun

kama

  1. breastplate

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish cama (“bed”).

Noun

kama

  1. bed, cot

References

Mokilese

Pronoun

kama

  1. first person dual exclusive pronoun; the two of us, but not you

See also
Mokilese personal pronouns
singular first person ngoah, ngoahi
second person koah, koawoa
third person ih
dual first person inclusive kisa
first person exclusive kama
second person kamwa
third person ara, ira
plural first person inclusive kisai
first person exclusive kamai
second person kamwai
third person arai, irai
remote plural first person inclusive kihs
first person exclusive kimi
second person kimwi
third person ihr

Old Tupi

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kam, from Proto-Tupian *ᵑkam.

Cognate with Paraguayan Guaraní káma.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈkã.ma/
  • Rhymes: -ãma
  • Hyphenation: ka‧ma

Noun

kama (possessable)

  1. breast (milk-producing organ)
  2. breast; chest (front of the human thorax)
    Synonym: poti'a
  3. (of animals) teat; udder
  • kamapûá
  • kamasary
  • kambeba
  • kambora
  • kamby
  • kambyk

Descendants
  • Nheengatu: kama

Further reading

Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “kama”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 213, column 1

Ontong Java

Noun

kama

  1. human
  2. man
  3. person

Pali

Alternative forms
Alternative forms
  • 𑀓𑀫 (Brahmi script)
  • कम (Devanagari script)
  • কম (Bengali script)
  • කම (Sinhalese script)
  • ကမ or ၵမ (Burmese script)
  • กม or กะมะ (Thai script)
  • ᨠᨾ (Tai Tham script)
  • ກມ or ກະມະ (Lao script)
  • កម (Khmer script)
  • 𑄇𑄟 (Chakma script)

Verb

kama

  1. second-person singular imperative active of kamati (“to walk”)

Papiamentu

Etymology

From Portuguese cama and Spanish cama and Kabuverdianu kama.

Noun

kama

  1. bed

Rwanda-Rundi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-káma.

Verb

-káma (infinitive gukáma, perfective -kámye)

  1. to milk

Derived terms

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From Japanese 鎌 (kama, “sickle, scythe”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kâma/
  • Hyphenation: ka‧ma

Noun

kȁma f (Cyrillic spelling ка̏ма)

  1. kama
Declension
Declension of kama
singular plural
nominative kȁma kame
genitive kame kȃmā
dative kami kamama
accusative kamu kame
vocative kamo kame
locative kami kamama
instrumental kamom kamama

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قامه (kama).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kâma/
  • Hyphenation: ka‧ma

Noun

kȁma f (Cyrillic spelling ка̏ма)

  1. a kind of dagger
Declension
Declension of kama
singular plural
nominative kama kame
genitive kame kama
dative kami kamama
accusative kamu kame
vocative kamo kame
locative kami kamama
instrumental kamom kamama

Etymology 3

From Sanskrit काम (kā́ma).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kâːma/
  • Hyphenation: ka‧ma

Noun

kȃma m (Cyrillic spelling ка̑ма)

  1. (Hinduism) one of the four main goals of the material existence
Declension
Declension of kama
singular plural
nominative kama kame
genitive kame kama
dative kami kamama
accusative kamu kame
vocative kamo kame
locative kami kamama
instrumental kamom kamama

References
  • “kama” in Hrvatski jezični portal
  • “kama” in Hrvatski jezični portal
  • “kama” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Shona

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-káma.

Verb

-kámá (infinitive kukámá)

  1. to milk

Swahili

Pronunciation
  • Audio (Kenya)(file)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic كَمَا (kamā).

Conjunction

kama

  1. as
    Synonym: mithili
    Kama ulivyosema...
    As you said...
  2. if
    Synonym: ikiwa

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *-káma.

Verb

-kama (infinitive kukama)

  1. to milk
Conjugation
Conjugation of -kama
Positive present -nakama
Subjunctive -kame
Negative -kami
Imperative singular kama
Infinitives
Positive kukama
Negative kutokama
Imperatives
Singular kama
Plural kameni
Tensed forms
Habitual hukama
Positive past positive subject concord + -likama
Negative past negative subject concord + -kukama
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakama)
Singular Plural
1st person ninakama/nakama tunakama
2nd person unakama mnakama
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakama wanakama
other classes positive subject concord + -nakama
Negative present (negative subject concord + -kami)
Singular Plural
1st person sikami hatukami
2nd person hukami hamkami
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hakami hawakami
other classes negative subject concord + -kami
Positive future positive subject concord + -takama
Negative future negative subject concord + -takama
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kame)
Singular Plural
1st person nikame tukame
2nd person ukame mkame
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akame wakame
other classes positive subject concord + -kame
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sikame
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekama
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekama
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikama
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikama
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akama)
Singular Plural
1st person nakama twakama
2nd person wakama mwakama
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akama wakama
m-mi(III/IV) wakama yakama
ji-ma(V/VI) lakama yakama
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chakama vyakama
n(IX/X) yakama zakama
u(XI) wakama see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwakama
pa(XVI) pakama
mu(XVIII) mwakama
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekama
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshakama
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jakama
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kikama
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipokama
Consecutive kakama / positive subject concord + -kakama
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kakame
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nikama -tukama
2nd person -kukama -wakama/-kukameni/-wakameni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mkama -wakama
m-mi(III/IV) -ukama -ikama
ji-ma(V/VI) -likama -yakama
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kikama -vikama
n(IX/X) -ikama -zikama
u(XI) -ukama see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kukama
pa(XVI) -pakama
mu(XVIII) -mukama
Reflexive -jikama
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kama- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -kamaye -kamao
m-mi(III/IV) -kamao -kamayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -kamalo -kamayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kamacho -kamavyo
n(IX/X) -kamayo -kamazo
u(XI) -kamao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kamako
pa(XVI) -kamapo
mu(XVIII) -kamamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kama)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yekama -okama
m-mi(III/IV) -okama -yokama
ji-ma(V/VI) -lokama -yokama
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokama -vyokama
n(IX/X) -yokama -zokama
u(XI) -okama see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kokama
pa(XVI) -pokama
mu(XVIII) -mokama
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish cama, from Late Latin cama.

Pronunciation
  • (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈkama/ [ˈka.mɐ]
  • Rhymes: -ama
  • Syllabification: ka‧ma

Noun

kama (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜋ)

  1. bed
    Synonyms: higaan, katre

Derived terms
  • kamang punlaan

Further reading
  • “kama”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish قامه (kama).

Noun

kama (definite accusative kamayı, plural kamalar)

  1. wedge
  2. dagger

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-kama?

  1. to brush hair

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

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