真珠

Chinese

		real; true; genuine	pearl; bead
trad. (真珠/眞珠)		真/眞	珠
simp. (真珠)		真	珠

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhēnzhū

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄣㄓㄨ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zan¹ zyu¹
Eastern Min (BUC): cĭng-ciŏ
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chin-chu
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹tsen-tsy

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhēnzhū
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄣㄓㄨ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhenjhu
  - Wade–Giles: chên¹-chu¹
  - Yale: jēn-jū
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenju
  - Palladius: чжэньчжу (čžɛnʹčžu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zan¹ zyu¹
  - Yale: jān jyū
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzan¹ dzy¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zen¹ ju¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐn⁵⁵ t͡syː⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cĭng-ciŏ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵⁵ ^(t͡s-)ʒuo⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chin-chu
  - Tâi-lô: tsin-tsu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cinzw
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sin³³ t͡su³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ¹tsen-tsy
  - MiniDict: tsen^平 tsy
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tsen-tsr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sən⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

Middle Chinese: tsyin tsyu

Rime
Character	真	珠
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	側鄰切	章俱切
Baxter	tsyin	tsyu
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiɪn/	/t͡ɕɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕin/	/t͡ɕio/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjen/	/t͡ɕio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cin/	/cuə̆/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiĕn/	/t͡ɕio/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭĕn/	/t͡ɕĭu/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ĕn/	/t͡ɕi̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhēn	zhū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zan¹	zyu¹

Noun

真珠

Alternative form of 珍珠 (zhēnzhū, “pearl”)
- 帝得此鳥，畜於靈禽之園，飴以真珠，飲以龜腦。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  帝得此鸟，畜于灵禽之园，饴以真珠，饮以龟脑。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: 4th century, 王嘉 (Wang Jia), 拾遺記
  Dì dé cǐ niǎo, xù yú língqín zhī yuán, sì yǐ zhēnzhū, yìn yǐ guīnǎo. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- 真珠入厥陰肝經，故能安魂定魄，明目治聾。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  真珠入厥阴肝经，故能安魂定魄，明目治聋。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Compendium of Materia Medica [Bencao Gangmu], by Li Shizhen, 1578 CE
  Zhēnzhū rù juéyīn gānjīng, gù néng ān hún dìng pò, míngmù zhì lóng. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
(literary) pearl-beaded curtain

Japanese

Kanji in this term
真	珠
しん Grade: 3	しゅ > じゅ Grade: S
on’yomi

Alternative spelling
眞珠 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しんじゅ [shìńjú] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [ɕĩɲ̟d͡ʑɨᵝ]

Noun

真(しん)珠(じゅ) • (shinju)

pearl

Synonyms

パール (pāru)

Derived terms

真珠色(しんじゅいろ) (shinjuiro, “pearly”)
真珠貝(しんじゅがい) (shinjugai, “pearl oyster”)
真珠岩(しんじゅがん) (shinjugan, “perlite”)
真珠雲(しんじゅぐも) (shinjugumo, “nacreous cloud”)
真珠光(しんじゅこう) (shinjukō)
真珠光沢(しんじゅこうたく) (shinjukōtaku)
真珠婚式(しんじゅこんしき) (shinjukonshiki, “pearl wedding”)
真珠細(しんじゅざい)工(く) (shinjuzaiku)
真珠質(しんじゅしつ) (shinjushitsu)
真珠腫(しんじゅしゅ) (shinjushu)
真珠層(しんじゅそう) (shinjusō, “nacre”)
真珠(しんじゅ)取(と)り (shinjutori)
真珠(しんじゅ)母(ぼ) (shinjubo)
真珠養(しんじゅよう)殖(しょく) (shinjuyōshoku)
真珠養(しんじゅよう)殖場(しょくじょう) (shinjuyōshokujō)
真珠湾(しんじゅわん) (Shinjuwan, “Pearl Harbor”)
真円真珠(しんえんしんじゅ) (shin'enshinju)
人工真珠(じんこうしんじゅ) (jinkōshinju)
人造真珠(じんぞうしんじゅ) (jinzōshinju)
淡水真珠(たんすいしんじゅ) (tansuishinju, “freshwater pearl”)
豚(ぶた)に真珠(しんじゅ) (buta ni shinju, “pearls before swine”)
養殖(ようしょく)真珠(しんじゅ) (yōshokushinju, “cultured pearl”)

Proper noun

真(しん)珠(じゅ) • (Shinju)

a female given name

真(しん)珠(じゅ) • (Shinju)

a surname

References

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.