側

See also: 侧
側 U+5074, 側
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5074
← 偳
[U+5073] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 偵 →
[U+5075]

Translingual

Han character

側 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人月金弓 (OBCN), four-corner 22200, composition ⿰亻則)

Derived characters
  • 𨶨

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 111, character 34
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 897
  • Dae Jaweon: page 238, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 189, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+5074

Chinese
trad. 側
simp. 侧

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 側
Bronze inscriptions

b12303

b12304

Small seal script

s05768

Transcribed ancient scripts

L38256

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (則) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
廁 *sʰrɯɡs, *sʰrɯɡ
則 *ʔsɯːɡ
賊 *zɯːɡ
鰂 *zɯːɡ
鱡 *zɯːɡ
蠈 *zɯːɡ
側 *ʔsrɯɡ
萴 *ʔsrɯɡ, *zrɯɡ
測 *sʰrɯɡ
惻 *sʰrɯɡ
崱 *zrɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsrɯɡ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 則 (OC *ʔsɯːɡ).

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • cháik - “side”;
  • cáik - “to lean to one side”.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 側
Mandarin Beijing /t͡sʰɤ⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡sʰɤ⁵³/
/t͡sai⁴⁴/
/ʈ͡ʂai⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡sʰɤ⁵³/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂei²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡sʰə⁵⁵/
/ʈ͡ʂʰe⁵⁵/
/ʈ͡ʂe⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰɛ²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡sei²¹/ ～棱子睡
/t͡sʰei²¹/ ～面
Xining /t͡sʰɨ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡sʰə¹³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰə¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡sʰɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡sʰɤ²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡sʰe³¹/
/t͡se³¹/
Guiyang /t͡sɛ²¹/ ～邊
/t͡sʰɛ²¹/ ～起過
Kunming /t͡sʰə³¹/
Nanjing /t͡sʰəʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡sʰɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰaʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡sʰʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡saʔ⁴³/ ～楞
/t͡sʰaʔ⁴³/ ～面
Wu Shanghai /t͡sʰəʔ⁵/
/t͡səʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡səʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡səʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡sʰe²¹³/
/t͡se²¹³/
/t͡sei²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰɛʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡sʰa⁵/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sə²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡sæ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sɛʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡set̚¹/
Taoyuan /t͡set̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sɐk̚⁵/
Nanning /t͡sɐk̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sɐk̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sʰik̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sʰaiʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sɛ²⁴/
/t͡sʰɛ²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sʰek̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /sek̚⁵/
/sɔk̚⁵/
Rime
Character 側
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 莊 (18)
Final (韻) 職 (134)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 阻力切
Baxter tsrik
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ʃɨk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʈ͡ʂɨk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ʃiek̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʈ͡ʂik̚/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ʃiək̚/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ʃĭək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʈ͡ʂi̯ək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhe
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zik1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 側
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 cè
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsrik ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ts]rək/
English slanting, oblique; side

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 側
Reading # 1/1
No. 16600
Phonetic
component		 則
Rime
group		 職
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 稄
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔsrɯɡ/

Definitions

側

  1. side
    本側開門／本侧开门  ―  běn cè kāimén  ―  Exit this side
  2. to lean to one side; to incline; to slant

Compounds

Pronunciation 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 側 – see 仄 (“slanting; oblique; narrow; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 仄).

Japanese

Kanji
側

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
側
がわ
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

側(がわ) • (gawa) ←がは (gafa)?

  1. side

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
側
そば
Grade: 4
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
傍

Pronunciation

Noun

側(そば) • (soba) 

  1. vicinity, near, beside, side
    泣(な)かないで。僕(ぼく)は傍(そば)にいるから。
    Nakanaide. Boku wa soba ni iru kara.
    Don't cry, for I am by your side.
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 側(そば)泳(えい) (sobaei)
  • 側(そば)杖(づえ) (sobazue)
  • 側(そば)仕(づか)え (sobazukae)
  • 側(そば)む (sobamu)
  • 側(そば)女(め) (sobame)
  • 側(そば)役(やく) (sobayaku)

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
側
かわ
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

側(かわ) • (kawa) ←かは (kafa)?

  1. side

Etymology 4
Kanji in this term
側
はた
Grade: 4
irregular
Alternative spellings
端
傍

Pronunciation

Noun

側(はた) • (hata) 

  1. vicinity

Etymology 5
Kanji in this term
側
かたわら
Grade: 4
irregular
For pronunciation and definitions of 側 – see the following entry.
【かたわら】
[adverb] in addition, besides, while
[noun] the side of something
[noun] a person nearby
[noun] the area nearby; vicinity
[noun] a remote partially built-up area along a major highway
[noun] in addition to…, while doing…, on the other hand…
Alternative spellings
傍ら, 傍, 側ら, 旁, 脇
(This term, 側, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 6
Kanji in this term
側
そく
Grade: 4
on’yomi

Middle Chinese 側 (t͡ʃɨk̚)

Pronunciation

Affix

側(そく) • (soku) 

  1. side
Derived terms
Derived terms

Noun

側(そく) • (soku) 

  1. the first of the Eight Principles of Yong
Hypernyms
Coordinate terms

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

側 (eum 측 (cheuk))

  1. side

Vietnamese

Han character

側: Hán Nôm readings: trắc, trắt, trặc

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