員

See also: 员 and 貝
員 U+54E1, 員
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-54E1
← 哠
[U+54E0] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 哢 →
[U+54E2]

Translingual
Stroke order
10 strokes

Han character

員 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 口月山金 (RBUC), four-corner 60806, composition ⿱口貝)

Derived characters

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 189, character 31
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3633
  • Dae Jaweon: page 409, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 628, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+54E1

Chinese
trad. 員
simp. 员
alternative forms 貟／贠
𪔅

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 員
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (員) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
員 *ɢon, *ɢun
圓 *ɢon
塤 *qʰon
損 *sqʰuːnʔ
縜 *ɢun
隕 *ɢunʔ
殞 *ɢunʔ
溳 *ɢunʔ, *ɢun
磒 *ɢunʔ
霣 *ɢunʔ
愪 *ɢunʔ, *ɢun
勛 *qʰun
鄖 *ɢun
篔 *ɢun
貟 *ɢun, *ɢuns
韻 *ɢʷɯns

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : a 〇 indicating the top edge of a 鼎 (“ding”) - round.

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • îⁿ - vernacular;
  • oân, goân - literary.
    Note:
    • uêng5 - Chaozhou;
    • uang5 - Shantou.
      • Wu
        • (Shanghai):
          • Wugniu: 6yoe
          • MiniDict: yoe去
          • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3hhyoe
          • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦyø²³/
      • Xiang
        • (Changsha)
          • Wiktionary: yenn2
          • Sinological IPA (key): /y̯ẽ¹³/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 員
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yuán
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hjwen ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ɢʷ<r>en/
English circle; round

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 員
Reading # 1/2
No. 16199
Phonetic
component		 員
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 貟
Old
Chinese		 /*ɢon/
Notes 甲金文象鼎口爲圓初文

Definitions

員

  1. member
  2. personnel; staff member
  3. † Original form of 圓／圆 (yuán, “circle; round”).

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 員
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 云 (35)
Final (韻) 文 (59)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 王分切
Baxter hjun
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦɨun/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦiun/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣiuən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦun/
Li
Rong		 /ɣiuən/
Wang
Li		 /ɣĭuən/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /i̯uən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yún
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 wan4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 員
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yún
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hjun ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɢ]ʷə[n]/
English (a particle)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 員
Reading # 2/2
No. 16215
Phonetic
component		 員
Rime
group		 文
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 雲
Old
Chinese		 /*ɢun/
Notes 貟字注説文作員

Definitions
  1. Only used in 伍員／伍员(a person’s name)

Compounds
  • 伍員乘潮／伍员乘潮
  • 伍員抉目／伍员抉目
  • 伍員鞭屍／伍员鞭尸

Pronunciation 3

Definitions

員

  1. a surname

References

Japanese

Kanji
員

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Etymology
Kanji in this term
員
いん
Grade: 3
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 員 (MC hjun).

Pronunciation

Noun

員(いん) • (in) ←ゐん (win)?

  1. (literary) member

Derived terms
  • 員(いん)に備(そな)わるのみ (in ni sonawaru nomi)

Suffix

員(いん) • (-in) ←ゐん (win)?

  1. member
    公(こう)務(む)員(いん) ― kōmuin ― public sector workers, civil servants

Affix

員(いん) • (in) ←ゐん (win)?

  1. member

Derived terms
Derived terms

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 員 (MC *hjwen). Recorded as Middle Korean 貟/원 (wen) (Yale: wen) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 員 (eumhun 인원 원 (inwon won))

  1. Hanja form? of 원 (“person, personnel, employee, member”).

Compounds
Compounds

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

員: Hán Việt readings: vân[1], viên[1]
員: Nôm readings: von[2]

  1. chữ Hán form of viên (“person, member, staff, personnel”).

Derived terms

References
  1. Trần (1999).
  2. Hồ (1976).
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