千金

Chinese

		thousand	metal; gold; money
simp. and trad. (千金)		千	金
Literally: “a thousand pieces of gold”.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qiānjīn

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢㄐㄧㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cin¹ gam¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhiên-kîm
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhian-kim

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiānjīn
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢㄐㄧㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cianjin
  - Wade–Giles: chʻien¹-chin¹
  - Yale: chyān-jīn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chianjin
  - Palladius: цяньцзинь (cjanʹczinʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    千斤
    千金
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: cin¹ gam¹
  - Yale: chīn gām
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsin¹ gam¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: qin¹ gem¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵ kɐm⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhiên-kîm
  - Hakka Romanization System: qien´ gim´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: qian¹ gim¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ kim²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhian-kim
  - Tâi-lô: tshian-kim
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chienkym
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kim⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɛn³³ kim³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kim⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kim⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kim⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: tshen kim

Rime
Character	千	金
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	侵 (140)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	蒼先切	居吟切
Baxter	tshen	kim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰen/	/kˠiɪm/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰen/	/kᵚim/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɛn/	/kiem/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰɛn/	/kjim/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰen/	/kjəm/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰien/	/kĭĕm/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰien/	/ki̯əm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiān	jīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cin¹	gam¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s.n̥ˤi[ŋ] k(r)[ə]m/

(Zhengzhang): /*sn̥ʰiːn krɯm/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	千	金
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qiān	jīn
Middle Chinese	‹ tshen ›	‹ kim ›
Old Chinese	/*s.n̥ˁi[ŋ]/	/*k(r)[ə]m/
English	thousand	metal, bronze
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	千	金
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	10792	6679
Phonetic component	人	金
Rime group	眞	侵
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	千	金
Old Chinese	/*sn̥ʰiːn/	/*krɯm/
Notes	小徐人聲，甲文乃借人加一	說文今聲，俞敏依金文非之

Noun

千金

large amount of money; riches
備急千金要方／备急千金要方 ― bèijí qiānjīn yào fāng ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
(honorific) daughter (not of one's own)

Derived terms

Adjective

千金

(figurative) extremely precious

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (千金):

→ Japanese: 千金(せんきん) (senkin)
→ Korean: 천금(千金) (cheon'geum)
→ Vietnamese: thiên kim (千金)

References

“Entry #379”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

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