住

See also: 往 and 隹
住 U+4F4F, 住
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F4F
← 低
[U+4F4E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 佐 →
[U+4F50]

Translingual
Stroke order
Chinese

Japanese

Japanese (variant)

Han character

住 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人卜土 (OYG), four-corner 20214, composition ⿰亻主)

Derived characters
  • 𡸌, 𣁑, 𪝲, 𬷗, 𭰠, 𥇁

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 98, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 505
  • Dae Jaweon: page 207, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 137, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+4F4F

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 住

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (主) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
飳 *tʰoːʔ
妵 *tʰoːʔ
黈 *tʰoːʔ
蘣 *tʰoːʔ
罜 *doːɡ, *tjos
拄 *toʔ
柱 *toʔ, *doʔ
駐 *tos
註 *tos, *tjos
鉒 *tos
軴 *tos
住 *tos, *dos
跓 *doʔ
嵀 *doʔ
主 *tjoʔ
麈 *tjoʔ
宔 *tjoʔ
炷 *tjoʔ, *tjos
注 *tjos
疰 *tjos
蛀 *tjos
霔 *tjos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tos, *dos) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 主 (OC *tjoʔ).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • cê̤ṳ - literary;
  • dêu - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 住
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/
Tianjin /ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/
/t͡su⁵³/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂu²¹/
Qingdao /tʃu⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂu³¹²/
Xi'an /p͡fu⁴⁴/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂv̩²¹³/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂu¹³/
Lanzhou /p͡fu¹³/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂu²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕy³⁵/
Chengdu /t͡su¹³/
Guiyang /t͡su²¹³/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂu²¹²/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂu⁴⁴/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡su⁴⁵/
Pingyao /t͡sz̩ʷ³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡su⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /zz̩²³/
Suzhou /zz̩ʷ³¹/
Hangzhou /d͡zz̩ʷ¹³/
Wenzhou /d͡zz̩²²/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰy²²/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰy¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
/t͡ɕy¹¹/
Xiangtan /d͡ʑy²¹/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰy²¹/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰu⁵³/
Taoyuan /tʃʰu⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sy²²/
Nanning /t͡sy²²/
Hong Kong /t͡sy²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡su²²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tiɛu²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tiu⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡su³⁵/
/tiu³¹/
Haikou (Hainanese) /tu³⁵/
/ʔdiu²³/
Rime
Character 住 住
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 澄 (11) 知 (9)
Final (韻) 虞 (24) 虞 (24)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 持遇切 中句切
Baxter drjuH trjuH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɖɨoH/ /ʈɨoH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɖioH/ /ʈioH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȡioH/ /ȶioH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɖuə̆H/ /ʈuə̆H/
Li
Rong		 /ȡioH/ /ȶioH/
Wang
Li		 /ȡĭuH/ /ȶĭuH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȡʱi̯uH/ /ȶi̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhù zhù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zyu6 zyu3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 住
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhù
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ drjuH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*dro(ʔ)-s/
English stop (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 住 住
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 17613 17617
Phonetic
component		 主 主
Rime
group		 侯 侯
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 註 住
Old
Chinese		 /*tos/ /*dos/

Definitions

住

  1. to live; to dwell; to reside
    我住喺香港。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
    ngo5 zyu6 hai2 hoeng1 gong2. [Jyutping]
    I live in Hong Kong.
  2. to stay
    讓愛住我家 [MSC, trad.]
    让爱住我家 [MSC, simp.]
    From: 赵明, 《让爱住我家》
    Ràng ài zhù wǒ jiā [Pinyin]
    Let love stay at/fill our home
  3. to stop; to cease
  4. Verb suffix indicating firmness, steadiness or coming to a halt.
  5. (Cantonese) Verb suffix indicating ongoing action's status.
    戴住眼鏡／戴住眼镜 [Cantonese]  ―  daai3 zyu6 ngaan5 geng3 [Jyutping]  ―  wearing glasses
    唔好去住先。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
    m4 hou2 heoi3 zyu6 sin1. [Jyutping]
    (For now) don't go.

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 住 (“to live; to reside; to stay”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 住, 居住
Mandarin Beijing 住
Taiwan 住
Malaysia 住
Singapore 住
Cantonese Guangzhou 住
Hong Kong 住
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 住
Singapore (Guangfu) 住
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 住
Hakka Meixian 住
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 歇, 蹛
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 歇, 蹛
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 蹛
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 蹛, 歇
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 蹛
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 蹛
Hong Kong 住
Southern Min Xiamen 徛, 蹛, 徛起, 徛跤, 壏
Quanzhou 徛, 蹛, 徛起, 徛跤, 壏
Zhangzhou 徛, 蹛, 徛起, 徛跤
Dongshan 蹛
Tainan 蹛, 徛起
Penang (Hokkien) 蹛
Singapore (Hokkien) 徛, 蹛
Manila (Hokkien) 徛, 徛起
Chaozhou 徛
Shantou 徛起, 住
Jieyang 徛起, 徛, 住
Bangkok (Teochew) 徛
Singapore (Teochew) 徛, 蹛
Leizhou 徛
Wenchang 徛
Haikou 徛
Qionghai 徛
Singapore (Hainanese) 徛
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 住
Wu Shanghai 住
Suzhou 住

See also

(Verb suffix indicating ongoing action's status):

(Verb suffix indicating firmness, steadiness or coming to a halt):

  • (Hokkien) 牢 (tiâu)

Compounds

References

Japanese
Shinjitai 住
Kyūjitai
[1][2][3]
住󠄁
住+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
住󠄃
住+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji
住

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. dwelling, reside

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
住
じゅう
Grade: 3
goon

From Middle Chinese 住 (MC drjuH).

The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.

Pronunciation

Noun

住(じゅう) • (jū) ←ぢゆう (dyuu)?

  1. the act of dwelling, residing, living in a place
  2. abode, residence
    Synonyms: 住まい (sumai), 住居 (jūkyo)

Suffix

住(じゅう) • (-jū) ←ぢゆう (dyuu)?

  1. added after a placename to indicate where someone lives

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
住
す(まい)
Grade: 3
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
住居
住い (uncommon)
For pronunciation and definitions of 住 – see the following entry.
【住すまい】
[noun] [from 970s] residence, dwelling, one's shelter
[noun] [from 970s] life, habitation, the act of living in a place
Alternative spellings
住居, 住い
(This term, 住, is an alternative spelling (less common) of the above term.)

References
  1. 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014) “住”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎ (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
  2. Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 136 (paper), page 118 (digital)
  3. Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 110 (paper), page 67 (digital)
  4. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  • Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 住 (MC drjuH|trjuH).

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 住 (eumhun 살 주 (sal ju))

  1. Hanja form? of 주 (“to reside”).
  2. Hanja form? of 주 (“to stay at”).
  3. Hanja form? of 주 (“to stop”).
  4. Hanja form? of 주 (“to pick up, to raise”).
  5. Hanja form? of 주 (“whereabouts, house”).
  6. Hanja form? of 주 (“resident”).

Compounds

References

Vietnamese

Han character

住: Hán Nôm readings: trú, trọ, giọ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References
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