punishment

English

Etymology

From Middle English punishement, from Old French punissement, from punir (“to punish”). Equivalent to punish +‎ -ment. Displaced native Old English wīte.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/
Audio (US) (file)
Hyphenation: pun‧ish‧ment

Noun

punishment (countable and uncountable, plural punishments)

The act (action) or process of punishing, imposing and/or applying a sanction.
The naughty children were given a punishment by their teachers.
A penalty to punish wrongdoing, especially for crime.
a light punishment

a harsh punishment
A suffering by pain or loss imposed as retribution.
(figuratively) Any harsh treatment or experience; rough handling.
a vehicle that can take a lot of punishment

Synonyms

Antonyms

reward

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

act of punishing

Afrikaans: straf (af)
Albanian: dënim (sq) m, ndëshkim (sq) m
Arabic: عِقَاب (ar) m (ʕiqāb), جَزَاء m (jazāʔ), مُجَازَاة f (mujāzāh)
Armenian: պատիժ (hy) (patiž), պատժում (hy) (patžum)
Old Armenian: պատիժ (patiž), պատուհաս (patuhas)
Asturian: castigu m
Azerbaijani: cəza (az)
Bashkir: яза (yaza)
Belarusian: пакара́нне n (pakaránnje), ка́ра f (kára)
Bengali: সাজা (bn) (śaja), দণ্ড (bn) (donḍo)
Bulgarian: наказа́ние (bg) n (nakazánie)
Burmese: ဒဏ် (my) (dan), အပြစ် (my) (a.prac)
Catalan: punició f, puniment m
Cebuano: kastigo
Cherokee: ᎤᏓᏍᏛᏗᏍᏗ (udasdvdisdi)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 懲罰／惩罚 (zh) (chéngfá), 刑罰／刑罚 (zh) (xíngfá)
Cornish: kessydhyans
Czech: trest (cs) m
Danish: straf c
Dutch: bestraffing (nl) f, straf (nl) f
Esperanto: puno
Estonian: karistus (et)
Faroese: revsing f
Finnish: rankaiseminen, rankaisu
French: punition (fr) f, châtiment (fr) m
Galician: castigo (gl) m, punición (gl) f
Georgian: დასჯა (dasǯa)
German: Strafe (de) f, Bestrafung (de) f
Gothic: 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌴𐌹𐍄 n (andabeit)
Greek: τιμωρία (el) (timoría)
Ancient: τιμωρία f (timōría)
Hebrew: עונש \ עֹנֶשׁ (he) m (ónesh), עֲנִישָׁה (he) f (anishá)
Hindi: सज़ा f (sazā), दण्ड (hi) m (daṇḍ)
Hungarian: büntetés (hu)
Icelandic: refsing (is) f
Indonesian: hukuman (id)
Italian: punizione (it) f, pena (it) f, castigo (it) m
Japanese: 罰 (ja) (ばつ, batsu), 懲罰 (ja) (ちょうばつ, chōbatsu), 処罰 (ja) (しょばつ, shobatsu), 刑罰 (ja) (けいばつ, keibatsu)
Kazakh: жаза (kk) (jaza)
Khmer: ទណ្ឌ (km) (tŏən), ទណ្ឌកម្ម (km) (tŏəndĕəʼ kam), ទណ្ឌកិច្ច (tŏəndĕəʼ kəc)
Korean: 처벌(處罰) (ko) (cheobeol), 벌(罰) (ko) (beol), 형벌(刑罰) (hyeongbeol), 징벌(懲罰) (ko) (jingbeol)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: ceza (ku)
Kyrgyz: жаза (ky) (jaza)
Lao: ໂທດ (thōt), ທັນ (than)
Latin: supplicium n, poena f
Latvian: sods m, sodīšana f
Lithuanian: bausmė f
Luxembourgish: Strof (lb) f
Macedonian: казна f (kazna), казнување n (kaznuvanje)
Malay: hukuman (ms), seksa (ms), dera
Malayalam: ശിക്ഷ (ml) (śikṣa)
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: шийтгэл (mn) (šiitgel)
Norman: peunnition f
Norwegian:
Bokmål: straff (no) m
Occitan: puniment m
Old English: wīte n
Ottoman Turkish: جزا (ceza)
Pashto: جزاء f (jazā), ايداد m (idad), مجازات m pl (majāzāt)
Persian: تنبیه (fa) (tanbih), جزا (fa) (jazâ), مجازات (fa) (mojâzât)
Polish: karanie (pl) n, kara (pl) f
Portuguese: punição (pt) f
Quechua: wanay
Romanian: pedepsire (ro) f, pedeapsă (ro) f
Russian: наказа́ние (ru) n (nakazánije), ка́ра (ru) f (kára)
Sanskrit: दण्ड (sa) m (daṇḍa), दम (sa) m (dama), निग्रह (sa) m (nigraha)
Scottish Gaelic: peanasachadh m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: ка̏зна f

Roman: kȁzna (sh) f
Slovak: trest m
Slovene: kazen (sl) n
Spanish: castigo (es) m
Swedish: straff (sv) n
Tagalog: kastigo
Tajik: ҷазо (jazo), сазо (sazo), муҷозот (mujozot)
Tamil: தண்டம் (ta) (taṇṭam), தண்டனம் (taṇṭaṉam)
Tatar: җәза (tt) (cäza)
Thai: โทษ (th) (tôot), ทัณฑ์ (th) (tan)
Turkish: ceza (tr)
Turkmen: jeza (tk)
Ukrainian: покара́ння n (pokaránnja), ка́ра f (kára)
Urdu: سَزا f (sazā), دَنْڈ m (danḍ)
Uyghur: جازا (jaza)
Uzbek: jazo (uz)
Vietnamese: hình phạt (vi), trừng trị (vi), sự phạt (vi)
Yiddish: שטראָף m (shtrof)
Zazaki: ceza

penalty for wrongdoing

Afrikaans: straf (af)
Arabic: عُقُوبَة f (ʕuqūba)
Armenian: պատիժ (hy) (patiž)
Old Armenian: պատիժ (patiž), պատուհաս (patuhas)
Asturian: castigu m
Bulgarian: наказа́ние (bg) n (nakazánie)
Catalan: càstig (ca) m
Cherokee: ᎤᏓᏍᏛᏗᏍᏗ (udasdvdisdi)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 刑罰／刑罚 (zh) (xíngfá)
Czech: trest (cs) m
Danish: straf c
Dutch: straf (nl) m or f
Esperanto: puno
Finnish: rangaistus (fi)
French: punition (fr) f
Galician: castigo (gl) m
Georgian: სასჯელი (sasǯeli)
German: Bestrafung (de) f
Greek: τιμωρία (el) (timoría), ποινή (el) (poiní)
Ancient: τιμωρία f (timōría), κόλασις f (kólasis)
Hebrew: עונש (he) m (ónesh)
Hindi: दण्ड (hi) m (daṇḍ), सज़ा f (sazā)
Hungarian: büntetés (hu)
Ingrian: rangaissos
Irish: pionós (ga) m
Japanese: 罰 (ja) (ばつ, batsu), 刑罰 (ja) (けいばつ, keibatsu), 処罰 (ja) (しょばつ, shobatsu)
Kikuyu: ihera class 5
Latin: pūnītiō f
Latvian: sods m
Luxembourgish: Strof (lb) f, Bestrofung f
Macedonian: казна f (kazna)
Malay: azab
Malayalam: ശിക്ഷ (ml) (śikṣa)
Norman: peunnition f
Old English: wīte n
Ottoman Turkish: جزا (ceza)
Persian: مجازات (fa) (mojâzât), جزا (fa) (jazâ), کیفر (fa) (keyfar)
Plautdietsch: Strof f
Polish: kara (pl) f, kaźń (pl) f (death penalty execution)
Portuguese: castigo (pt) m, punição (pt) f
Punjabi: ਡੰਡ m (ḍaṇḍ)
Romanian: pedeapsă (ro) f
Russian: наказа́ние (ru) n (nakazánije)
Scottish Gaelic: peanas m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: ка̏зна f

Roman: kȁzna (sh) f
Spanish: castigo (es) m
Swedish: straff (sv) n
Welsh: cosb (cy) f

suffering imposed as retribution

Arabic: عِقَاب (ar) m (ʕiqāb)
Catalan: punició f, puniment m
Dutch: afstraffing (nl) f, boetedoening (nl) f, vergelding (nl) f, boete (nl) m or f
Finnish: rangaistus (fi)
French: punition (fr) f, châtiment (fr) m
Macedonian: казна f (kazna)
Malay: azab
Malayalam: ശിക്ഷ (ml) (śikṣa)
Ngazidja Comorian: âdhaɓu class 9/10
Norman: peunnition f
Persian: مجازات (fa) (mojâzât), کیفر (fa) (keyfar), کیفر (fa) (keyfar), تنبیه (fa) (tanbih)
Romanian: penalizare (ro), pedeapsă (ro) f
Scottish Gaelic: peanas m
Spanish: penitencia (es) f

harsh treatment or experience

Armenian: պատիժ (hy) (patiž), պատուհաս (hy) (patuhas)
Catalan: punició f, puniment m
Danish: afstraffelse (da) c
Dutch: afstraffing (nl) f, beproeving (nl) f, vergelding (nl) f
Finnish: kurittaminen (fi)
French: punition (fr) f
Norman: peunnition f
Persian: بلا (fa) (balâ)
Polish: wycisk m

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Italian: ^{(please verify)} punizione (it) f
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: ^{(please verify)} ceza (ku) m, ^{(please verify)} siza (ku) m
Latin: ^{(please verify)} punitio f
Romanian: ^{(please verify)} pedeapsă (ro) f
Spanish: ^{(please verify)} castigo (es) m, ^{(please verify)} penitencia (es) f
Telugu: ^{(please verify)} శిక్ష (te) (śikṣa), ^{(please verify)} దండన (te) (daṇḍana)

Anagrams

unshipment

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