казна

See also: казня

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kaznь.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈkazna]
  • Audio(file)

Noun

казна • (kazna) f (relational adjective казнен, diminutive казничка)

  1. punishment

Declension
Declension of казна
singular plural
indefinite казна казни
definite unspecified казната казните
definite proximal казнава казниве
definite distal казнана казнине
vocative казно казни

Russian

Etymology

Borrowed from a Kypchak Turkic source, compare Kipchak qazna (“treasury”) (Codex Cumanicus, Ave, porta paradisi, verse 75), further origin uncertain but probably Iranian, possibly ultimately from Old Median *ganǰam (“treasure”).

Directly attested since 1389 (treaty of Dmitry Donskoy with Vladimir the Bold) while its derivative казначе́й (kaznačéj) is used already in the last will of Ivan II of Moscow circa 1358.

Formally close cognates include Nogai казна (kazna), Kazakh қазына (qazyna), Bashkir ҡаҙна (qaźna), Ossetian хъӕзна (qæzna), Chechen хазна (xazna, “treasure, treasury”), Serbo-Croatian ха̏зна (“treasury; cash register”), Bulgarian хазна (hazna, “treasure; cash register”), Romanian hazna (“treasury; septic tank”), Turkish hazne (“treasury”), Arabic خَزْنَة (ḵazna, “[a] safe”).

Also compare Ottoman Turkish خزینه (hazîne), Turkish and Crimean Tatar hazine, Tatar хәзинә (xäzinä, “treasure, treasury”), Persian خزینه (xazine), Arabic خَزِينَة (ḵazīna, “treasury”), Ancient Greek γάζα (gáza), Middle Persian [script needed] (ganǰ), Persian گنج (ganj, “treasure”), Sogdian [script needed] (γznyʼ /⁠γaznyā⁠/, “treasury”), Parthian 𐫃𐫉𐫗𐫁𐫡 (gznbr /⁠gaznβar⁠/, “treasurer”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [kɐzˈna]
  • Audio(file)

Noun

казна́ • (kazná) f inan (genitive казны́, nominative plural казны́, genitive plural *казн, relational adjective казённый)

  1. treasury, exchequer
  2. fisc

Declension
Declension of казна́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-b) 
singular plural
nominative казна́
kazná		 казны́
kazný
genitive казны́
kazný		 *ка́зн
*kázn
dative казне́
kazné		 казна́м
kaznám
accusative казну́
kaznú		 казны́
kazný
instrumental казно́й, казно́ю
kaznój, kaznóju		 казна́ми
kaznámi
prepositional казне́
kazné		 казна́х
kaznáx

Descendants
  • → Khakas: хазна (xazna, “state”)
  • → Southern Altai: казна (kazna)
  • → Yakut: хааһына (qaahına)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kaznь.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kâzna/
  • Hyphenation: каз‧на

Noun

ка̏зна f (Latin spelling kȁzna)

  1. punishment
  2. penalty
  3. visitation (of God)

Declension
Declension of казна
singular plural
nominative казна казне
genitive казне ка̑зна̄ / ка̑знӣ
dative казни казнама
accusative казну казне
vocative казно казне
locative казни казнама
instrumental казном казнама

Southern Altai

Etymology

From Arabic خَزِينَة (ḵazīna, “treasury”).

Cognate with Tatar хәзинә (xäzinä), Bashkir хазина (xazina), Bashkir ҡаҙна (qaźna), Uzbek xazina, Uyghur خەزىنە (xezine), Turkmen hazyna, Azerbaijani xəzinə, Turkish hazine (“treasure”), etc.

Noun

казна • (kazna)

  1. treasure

References

Čumakajev A. E., editor (2018), “казна”, in Altajsko-russkij slovarʹ [Altaic–Russian Dictionary], Gorno-Altaysk: NII altaistiki im. S.S. Surazakova, →ISBN

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