straf

Danish

Etymology

Formed from the verb straffe (“to penalize”), from Middle Low German straffen (“to punish, blame”), from Proto-West Germanic *strēpōn, of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly related to *streupan (“to squeeze, press, graze”).[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈsd̥ʁɑf]

Noun

straf c (singular definite straffen, plural indefinite straffe)

  1. punishment, penalty

Declension
Declension of straf
common
gender		 Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative straf straffen straffe straffene
genitive strafs straffens straffes straffenes

References
  1. van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “straf1”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

Dutch

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /strɑf/
  • audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: straf
  • Rhymes: -ɑf

Etymology 1

Early modern Dutch straffe, derived from straffen. Compare German Strafe.

Noun

straf f (plural straffen, diminutive strafje n)

  1. A punishment, penalty, sanction.
  2. A discomfort, misfortune.
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Afrikaans: straf
  • Negerhollands: straaf
  • → Caribbean Javanese: setrap, strap
  • → Indonesian: setrap
  • → Papiamentu: straf
  • → Saramaccan: sitaáfu

Verb

straf

  1. inflection of straffen:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. imperative

Etymology 2

From late Middle Dutch straf. Further etymology is not known.

Adjective

straf (comparative straffer, superlative strafst)

  1. heavy, hefty
  2. spicy
  3. implausible, improbable
Inflection
Inflection of straf
uninflected straf
inflected straffe
comparative straffer
positive comparative superlative
predicative/adverbial strafstrafferhet strafst
het strafste
indefinite m./f. sing. straffestrafferestrafste
n. sing. strafstrafferstrafste
plural straffestrafferestrafste
definite straffestrafferestrafste
partitive strafsstraffers—
Synonyms

German

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ʃtʁaːf]
  • Audio(file)

Verb

straf

  1. singular imperative of strafen
  2. (colloquial) first-person singular present of strafen

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From German Strafe (“punishment”).

Noun

straf

  1. punishment
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