fallen
English
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈfɔːlən/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈfɔlən/
- (cot–caught merger) IPA(key): /ˈfɑlən/
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: (UK) -ɔːlən, (cot–caught merger) -ɑlən
Adjective
fallen (not generally comparable, comparative more fallen, superlative most fallen)
- Having dropped by the force of gravity.
- fallen raindrops
- Killed, especially in battle.
- a ceremony to honor fallen soldiers
- the disposal of fallen livestock
- Having lost one's chastity.
- a fallen woman
- 1964, Katharine Hillyer, Mark Twain, Young Reporter in Virginia City: The Racy, Rollicking Adventures of a Great Author in the Gamiest, Richest, Mightiest Town in All the Frontier West!:
- Madam Julia was the town's ranking prostitute; virtuous female society demanded that they not suffer the unbearable pain of looking at, and being in company with, a fallen woman— one of the happiest, fallenest women in history, by the way.
- 1991, Kelly Walsh, Nightshades and Orchids, →ISBN:
- "You make yourself out to be the fallenest of fallen women." Tilting her head toward Sharon, Debbie grinned. "Let's face it. There can't be winners without losers, and I'm a loser. But look at it this way. I make it possible for some other woman […]
- Having collapsed.
- a fallen building
- Having lost prestige, (Christian) grace, etc.
- 1913, John Bigelow, Retrospections of an Active Life: 1867-1871, page 397:
- That fallenest of our fallen race has left town — said to be near Fontainebleau by some, in Italy by others. More consequent with himself than usual, he is fulfilling, in the only possible way left open to him, his promise […]
Usage notes
- Rarely, the superlative form fallenest is encountered.
Synonyms
- (having collapsed): collapsed
Antonyms
- (having lost prestige, (Christian) grace, etc.): arisen
Derived terms
- chap-fallen, chapfallen
- chop-fallen, chopfallen
- crest-fallen, crestfallen
- down-fallen, downfallen
- fallen angel
- fallen arch
- fallen building clause
- fallen flag
- fallen fleece
- fallen-in
- fallen instep
- fallenness
- fallen-off
- fallen star
- fallen woman
- heaven-fallen
- how are the mighty fallen
- infallen
- jaw-fallen
- new-fallen
- root-fallen
- sick-fallen
- stitchfallen
- trade-fallen
- unfallen
- wind-fallen, windfallen
Translations
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Noun
fallen (plural fallen)
- (plural only) The dead.
- (plural only) Casualties of battle or war.
- (countable, Christianity) One who has fallen, as from grace.
- 1873, James Strong with John McClintock, Cyclopaedia of Biblical, theological, and ecclesiastical literature, volume 5:
- In the Augustinian period, however, sin was held to be a death-inflicting agent, implying that the fallen was dead, and had to be restored to life.
Catalan
German
Etymology
From Middle High German vallen, from Old High German fallan, from Proto-West Germanic *fallan, from Proto-Germanic *fallaną, from Proto-Indo-European *pōl-. Akin to Bavarian foin, Low German fallen, Dutch vallen, English fall, Danish falde, Dutch falla.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfaln̩/, /ˈfalən/
Audio (file) Audio (file) Audio (Austria) (file) - Hyphenation: fal‧len
Verb
fallen (class 7 strong, third-person singular present fällt, past tense fiel, past participle gefallen, auxiliary sein)
- (intransitive) to fall; to drop
- 1960, Marie Luise Kaschnitz, Gespenster:
- Das Programm fiel ihr aus der Hand.
- The programme fell from her hand.
- Der Regen fiel wie aus Eimern.
- It rained cats and dogs. (literally: 'The rain fell as if out of buckets.')
- Sie fiel zu Boden.
- She fell to the floor.
- (intransitive, military) to die; to fall in battle; to die in battle; to be killed in action
- 1918, Elisabeth von Heyking, Die Orgelpfeifen, in: Zwei Erzählungen, Phillipp Reclam jun. Verlag, page 31:
- Bei einem Patrouillenritt, zu dem er sich freiwillig gemeldet, war der älteste der Enkel gefallen. Ruhte nun fern in Feindesland.
- On a patrolling ride, for which he had volunteered, the oldest of the grandchildren had died. Rested now far away in enemy country.
- 1918, Elisabeth von Heyking, Die Orgelpfeifen, in: Zwei Erzählungen, Phillipp Reclam jun. Verlag, page 31:
- (intransitive) to fall, to collapse, to be overthrown.
- Das Römische Reich fiel auf Grund der Völkerwanderung.
- The Roman Empire was overthrown by the consequences of the Migration period.
- (intransitive) to become lower, to decrease, to decline
- Zur Zeit der Finanzkrise fielen viele Aktienkurse um zahlreiche Prozentpunkte.
- During the banking scandal many stock prices decreased by a large percentage.
Conjugation
infinitive | fallen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | fallend | ||||
past participle | gefallen | ||||
auxiliary | sein | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich falle | wir fallen | i | ich falle | wir fallen |
du fällst | ihr fallt | du fallest | ihr fallet | ||
er fällt | sie fallen | er falle | sie fallen | ||
preterite | ich fiel | wir fielen | ii | ich fiele1 | wir fielen1 |
du fielst | ihr fielt | du fielest1 du fielst1 |
ihr fielet1 ihr fielt1 | ||
er fiel | sie fielen | er fiele1 | sie fielen1 | ||
imperative | fall (du) falle (du) |
fallt (ihr) |
1This form and alternative in würde both found.
Synonyms
- (die in a war): im Feld bleiben
Derived terms
- abfallen
- anfallen
- auffallen
- auseinanderfallen
- ausfallen
- befallen
- beifallen
- dahinfallen
- danebenfallen
- darauffallen
- darüberfallen
- darunterfallen
- drauffallen
- drüberfallen
- durchfallen
- einfallen
- entfallen
- fällen
- flachfallen
- gefallen
- herabfallen
- herausfallen
- hereinfallen
- herfallen
- herniederfallen
- herunterfallen
- hinabfallen
- hinausfallen
- hineinfallen
- hinfallen
- hintenüberfallen
- hintüberfallen
- hinüberfallen
- hinunterfallen
- leichtfallen
- missfallen
- niederfallen
- rausfallen
- reinfallen
- rückfallen
- runterfallen
- schwerfallen
- übereinanderfallen
- überfallen
- umfallen
- verfallen
- vorfallen
- vornüberfallen
- wegfallen
- zerfallen
- zufallen
- zurückfallen
- zusammenfallen
- auf die Fresse fallen
- auf die Füße fallen
- auf die Nase fallen
- auf die Schnauze fallen
- aus allen Wolken fallen
- aus der Rolle fallen
- aus der Zeit gefallen sein
- der Apfel fällt nicht weit vom Stamm
- die Hüllen fallen lassen
- etwas unter den Tisch fallen lassen
- in den Schoß fallen
- in die Arme fallen
- in Feindeshand fallen
- in Ungnade fallen
- ins Gewicht fallen
- ins Wasser fallen
- ins Wort fallen
- mit der Tür ins Haus fallen
- vom Fleisch fallen
- vom Hocker fallen
- vom Sessel fallen
- vom Stuhl fallen
- zum Opfer fallen
- zur Last fallen
Low German
Alternative forms
- vallen (New Saxon Spelling)
Etymology
From Middle Low German vallen, from Old Saxon fallan, from Proto-West Germanic *fallan, from Proto-Germanic *fallaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfalːn̩/, /ˈfalːən/
Conjugation
infinitive | fallen | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | preterite |
1st person singular | fall | full |
2nd person singular | falls(t) | fulls(t) |
3rd person singular | fall(t) | full |
plural | fallt, fallen | fullen |
imperative | present | — |
singular | fall | |
plural | fallt | |
participle | present | past |
fallen | (e)fullen, gefullen | |
Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects. |
Middle English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old English feallan, from Proto-West Germanic *fallan, from Proto-Germanic *fallaną. Weak forms are due to the conflation of this verb with fellen (“to fell”) in some dialects.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfalən/
Conjugation
infinitive | (to) fallen, falle | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | falle | fell, falde | |
2nd-person singular | fallest | felle, fell, faldest | |
3rd-person singular | falleth | fell, falde | |
subjunctive singular | falle | felle1, falde1 | |
imperative singular | — | ||
plural2 | fallen, falle | fellen, felle, falden, falde | |
imperative plural | falleth, falle | — | |
participles | fallynge, fallende | fallen, falle, fald, yfallen, yfalle |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
References
- “fallen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From the verb falle.
Derived terms
References
- “fallen” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From the verb falle.
Derived terms
References
- “fallen” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Spanish
Swedish
Declension
Inflection of fallen | |||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
Common singular | fallen | — | — |
Neuter singular | fallet | — | — |
Plural | fallna | — | — |
Masculine plural3 | fallne | — | — |
Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
Masculine singular1 | fallne | — | — |
All | fallna | — | — |
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic |