鯨鯢
See also: 鲸鲵
Chinese
| whale | female whale | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (鯨鯢) | 鯨 | 鯢 | |
| simp. (鲸鲵) | 鲸 | 鲵 | |
Etymology
Attested earliest in pre-Qin texts (e.g. figuratively in Zuo Zhuan, literally in Master Deng Xi, etc.).
Pronunciation
Noun
鯨鯢
- male and female whales
- 獵羆虎者，不於外圂。釣鯨鯢者，不於清池。何則？圂非羆虎之窟也，池非鯨鯢之泉也。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 《鄧析子》 (Deng Xi Zi, "Master Deng Xi"); translated based on Alfred Forke's version.
- Liè píhǔ zhě, bù yú wài hùn. Diào jīngní zhě, bù yú qīngchí. Hé zé? Hùn fēi píhǔ zhī kū yě, chí fēi jīngní zhī quán yě. [Pinyin]
- One does not hunt brown bears or tigers in kennels or harpoon bull and cow whales in fresh-water ponds. Why? Because brown bears and tigers have not their dens in kennels, and ponds are not the waters where whale bulls and cows live.
猎罴虎者，不于外圂。钓鲸鲵者，不于清池。何则？圂非罴虎之窟也，池非鲸鲵之泉也。 [MSC, simp.]
- (figurative) fierce enemy
- 古者明王伐不敬，取其鯨鯢而封之，以為大戮，於是乎有京觀以懲淫慝。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE, translation from Zuozhuan: Commentary on the "Spring and Autumn Annals" (2017), by Stephen Durrant, Wai-yee Li and David Schaberg
- Gǔzhě míngwáng fá bùjìng, qǔ qí jīngní ér fēng zhī, yǐwéi dà lù, yúshì hū yǒu jīng guān yǐ chéng yíntè. [Pinyin]
- In ancient times, when enlightened kings attacked the disrespectful, they took the greatest culprits among them and had them killed and sealed off in a mound as the most extreme punishment. Thus it was that the grand mound was built to warn against excesses and iniquities.
古者明王伐不敬，取其鲸鲵而封之，以为大戮，于是乎有京观以惩淫慝。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (figurative) pirate
- (figurative) innocent person who is killed
Descendants
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 鯨 | 鯢 |
| げい Grade: S |
げい Hyōgaiji |
| on’yomi | |
Etymology
From Middle Chinese.
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) げーげー [gèégéé] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- (Tokyo) けーげー [kèégéé] (Heiban – [0])[2]
- IPA(key): [ɡe̞ːɡe̞ː]
- IPA(key): [ke̞ːɡe̞ː]
[2] (less common)
Idioms
- 鯨鯢の顎にかく (geigei no agito ni kaku): “to be caught by the jaws of a whale” → to meet with a major misfortune or dangerous situation, particularly at sea
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
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