熟

See also: 熱
熟 U+719F, 熟
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-719F
← 熞
[U+719E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 熠 →
[U+71A0]

Translingual
Stroke order
15 strokes

Han character

熟 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 卜戈火 (YIF), four-corner 05331, composition ⿱孰灬)

Derived characters
  • 𰃁, 𤒙

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 680, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19332
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1091, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2231, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+719F

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 熟
2nd round simp. 𰀅
alternative forms 𦏧
𡒒

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (孰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
熟 *djɯwɢ
孰 *djɯwɢ
塾 *djɯwɢ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djɯwɢ) : phonetic 孰 (OC *djɯwɢ, “cooked; ripe”) + semantic 灬 (“fire”) – cooked with fire.

Etymology

Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with Proto-Kiranti (*tʰok ~ tʰuk, "ripen; cooked") (Schuessler, 2007)

Pronunciation

Note:
  • se̍k/sia̍k - vernacular (“ripe; cooked; processed; familiar with; practiced; ”);
  • sio̍k - literary.
    • Wu
      • (Shanghai):
        • Wugniu: 8zoq
        • MiniDict: zoh入
        • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 5zoq
        • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zoʔ¹²/
    • Xiang
      • (Changsha)
        • Wiktionary: shou6
        • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /ʂəu̯²⁴/
        • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /səu̯²⁴/
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 熟
Mandarin Beijing /ʂou³⁵/
/ʂu³⁵/
Harbin /ʂou²⁴/
/ʂu²⁴/
Tianjin /ʂou⁴⁵/
/sou⁴⁵/
/su⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʂu⁴²/
Qingdao /ʃu⁴²/ ～了
/ʂu⁴²/ ～悉
Zhengzhou /ʂu⁴²/
Xi'an /fu²⁴/
Xining /fv̩²⁴/
Yinchuan /ʂu¹³/
Lanzhou /fu⁵³/
Ürümqi /ʂu⁵¹/
/fu⁵¹/
Wuhan /səu²¹³/
Chengdu /su³¹/
Guiyang /su²¹/
Kunming /ʂu³¹/
Nanjing /ʂuʔ⁵/
Hefei /ʂuəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /suəʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /suʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /suəʔ⁴³/ ～悉
/səu³¹/ 飯～
Wu Shanghai /zoʔ¹/
Suzhou /zoʔ³/
Hangzhou /zoʔ²/
Wenzhou /jɤu²¹³/
Hui Shexian /su²²/
Tunxi /ɕiu¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ʂəu²⁴/
Xiangtan /ʂəɯ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /suʔ²/
Hakka Meixian /suk̚⁵/
Taoyuan /ʃuk̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sok̚²/
Nanning /suk̚²²/
Hong Kong /suk̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /siɔk̚⁵/
/sik̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /syʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /sy⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /sek̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /sok̚⁵/
/tiak̚³/
Rime
Character 熟
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 常 (25)
Final (韻) 屋 (4)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 殊六切
Baxter dzyuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡ʑɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡ʑiuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡ʑiuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡ʑuwk̚/
Li
Rong		 /ʑiuk̚/
Wang
Li		 /ʑĭuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʑi̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shú
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 suk6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 熟
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shú
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dzyuwk ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[d]uk/
English cooked, ripe

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 熟
Reading # 1/1
No. 11797
Phonetic
component		 孰
Rime
group		 覺
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 熟
Old
Chinese		 /*djɯwɢ/

Definitions

熟

  1. (of fruits, etc.) ripe
    香蕉熟了沒？／香蕉熟了没？  ―  Xiāngjiāo shóu le méi?  ―  Have the bananas ripened?
  2. (of cooked dishes, etc.) cooked; done
    麵條不要煮太熟。 [MSC, trad.]
    面条不要煮太熟。 [MSC, simp.]
    Miàntiáo bùyào zhǔ tài shóu. [Pinyin]
    Do not overcook the noodles.
  3. processed
    熟鐵／熟铁  ―  shútiě  ―  wrought iron
  4. familiar with; well-acquainted with
    我跟他不太熟。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
    Wǒ gēn tā bù tài shóu. [Pinyin]
    I'm not that well-acquainted with him/her.
    你同佢熟唔熟㗎？ [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
    nei5 tung4 keoi5 suk6 m4 suk6 gaa3? [Jyutping]
    Are you well-acquainted with him/her?
    我唔係太熟呢頭啲路。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    我唔系太熟呢头啲路。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 m4 hai6 taai3 suk6 ni1 tau4 di1 lou6. [Jyutping]
    I'm not familiar with the roads in this area.
  5. practiced
    把曲子練熟／把曲子练熟  ―  bǎ qǔzi liàn shú  ―  to practise this piece well
  6. sound; deep
    深思熟慮／深思熟虑  ―  shēnsīshúlǜ  ―  to deliberate carefully
    貓咪睡得很熟。／猫咪睡得很熟。  ―  Māomī shuì de hěn shú.  ―  The cat is sleeping soundly.
  7. (historical ethnography) civilized; settled
    熟黎  ―  shú lí  ―  civilized Li
  8. (Hokkien) crop harvest
    秋熟 [Hokkien]  ―  chhiu se̍k [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  autumn harvest

Compounds

Synonyms
  • (familiar):
Dialectal synonyms of 熟悉 (“familiar”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 熟悉
Mandarin Taiwan 熟悉
Singapore 熟悉, 熟
Cantonese Hong Kong 熟
Southern Min Penang (Hokkien) 熟似
Singapore (Hokkien) 熟似
Wu Shanghai 熟悉
  • (practiced):
  • (deep):
Dialectal synonyms of 沉 (“deep; sound (sleep)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 沉, 熟
Mandarin Beijing 死, 實
Taiwan 沉, 熟
Cantonese Guangzhou 淰
Hong Kong 淰
Hakka Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 淰
Southern Min Tainan 沉

Antonyms
  • (antonym(s) of “civilized”): 生 (shēng)

Descendants
  • → Thai: สุก (sùk)
  • → Zhuang: sug

Further reading
Southern Min

Japanese

Kanji
熟

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. boil
  2. ripen
  3. a complete state

Readings

Korean

Hanja

熟 • (suk) (hangeul 숙, revised suk, McCune–Reischauer suk, Yale swuk)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

熟: Hán Nôm readings: thục

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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